Determination of Thallium at A Silver‐Gold Alloy Electrode by Voltammetric Methods in Plant Material and Bottom Sediment Containing Cd and Pb

The applicability of the subtractive anodic stripping voltammetry (SASV) using the square‐wave mode at the silver‐gold alloy electrode has been studied for thallium determination in the presence of large amount of lead and cadmium in natural samples. 10 mmol L^?1 perchloric acid was found as the most suitable supporting electrolyte for determination in synthetic solutions. The thallium peak was separated about 200 mV from Cd+Pb peak. Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid addition was necessary to determine thallium at the silver‐gold alloy electrode in digested plant and sediment. The determination limit was equal to 1.4 μg L^?1. The method was validated by the inter‐method comparison (ICP‐MS).     

Kinetic Determination of Nanogram Amounts of Mo(VI) in Solution

A new inhibitory reaction is proposed and a kinteic method developed for the determination of ultra‐micro amounts of Mo(VI) on the basis of its inhibitory activity in oxidation of trimethylenediamine ‐N,N,N′,N′‐tetraacetic acid (TDTA) by KMnO₄ in the presence of hydrochloric acid. Under optimal conditions the sensitivity of the method is 0.5 ng/cm³. The probable relative error is 2.9–3.5% for the concentration range 7.5–2.0 ng/cm³ of Mo(VI). The effect of certain foreign ions upon the reaction rate were determined for the assessment of the selectivity of the method. The selectivity of the method is relatively good. Kinetic equations were proposed for the investigated process. A method has been applied for determination of Mo(VI) in a certain kind of steel.     

Syntheses et isomerisation de complexes de la serie des derives halocarbonyle due fer: [FeX(CO)5−nLn]+, FeX2(CO)4−nLn et [FeX3(CO)3]- (L = PMe3; n = 1, 2, 3; X = Cl,Br, I)

The synthesis of a number of neutral, cationic and anionic halocarbonyl complexes of iron having the formula [FeX_m(CO)_6?m?nL_n]^2?m is described. The determination of their molecular configuration by infrared, NMR and dipole moment measurements allowed the study of several of their photochemical isomerization reactions, the mechanism of these reactions is explained in some cases by the intermediary formation of cationic complexes.     

Poly (4-methoxyphenol) film as a galactose-sensing material

Poly (4-methoxyphenol)-galactose oxidase biosensor for galactose is reported. This amperometric biosensor was prepared in a one-step procedure by electrochemical polymerization of the relevant monomer in the presence of galactose oxidase on Pt electrode surface in a KCl solution at potential of 0.6 V vs. Ag/AgCl. From the steady-state amperometric responses to galactose of the resulting polymeric biosensor, its sensor characteristics such as feasibility of preparation, linear range, response time, selectivity and stability were evaluated.     

Synthesis of 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrans by hetero-Diels-Alder reactions of functionalized alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds with N-vinyl-2-oxazolidinone

Cycloadditions of 3-aryl-2-benzoyl-2-propenenitriles and 3-phenylsulfonyl-3-buten-2-one to N-vinyl-2-oxazolidinone proceed regio- and diastereoselectively yielding cis and trans diastereoisomers of 4-aryl-3,4-dihydro-2-(2-oxo-3-oxazolidinyl)-2H-pyrans in 37-65% yield. Cycloadducts cis- were the major products. Reaction of 5-arylidene-1,3-dimethylbarbituric acids with dienophile afforded mixtures of 2H-pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4(3H)-diones trans and products resulted from an elimination of 2-oxazolidinone, in 50-52% yield. To confirm the experimental results, semiempirical AM1 and PM3 calculations of frontier orbital energies have been performed.     

Evaluation of artificial intelligence based models for chemical biodegradability prediction

This study presents a review of biodegradability modeling efforts including a detailed assessment of two models developed using an artificial intelligence based methodology. Validation results for these models using an independent, quality reviewed database, demonstrate that the models perform well when compared to another commonly used biodegradability model, against the same data. The ability of models induced by an artificial intelligence methodology to accommodate complex interactions in detailed systems, and the demonstrated reliability of the approach evaluated by this study, indicate that the methodology may have application in broadening the scope of biodegradability models. Given adequate data for biodegradability of chemicals under environmental conditions, this may allow for the development of future models that include such things as surface interface impacts on biodegradability for example.     

Volumetric properties of the ternary system ethanol + chloroform + benzene at temperature range (288.15–313.15) K: Experimental data,correlation and prediction by cubic EOS

Densities ρ of the ternary system (ethanol + chloroform + benzene) and binaries (ethanol + chloroform) and (chloroform + benzene), have been measured at six temperatures (288.15, 293.15, 298.15, 303.15, 308.15, 313.15) K and pressure 101.33 kPa with an Anton Paar DMA 5000 digital vibrating tube densimeter. Excess molar volumes V^E were calculated from these densities data and fitted by the polynomial Redlich–Kister (for binary data) and Nagata and Tamura (for ternary data) equations. Radojkovi? et al. equation was used for the prediction of the V^E of ternary data. The obtained results have been explained in terms of different effects between molecules of present species, taking into consideration influence of temperature on them.     

Synthesis of functionalized 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrans by hetero —Diels-Alder reaction of an enaminoketone with enol ethers

Summary The hetero —Diels-Alder reaction of 3-(N-acetylbenzylamino)-2-cyano-1-phenyl-2-propen-1-one (3) with enol ethers (4) leads to diastereoisomeric cycloadducts5 and6 in good yields. The structure of the products is discussed in terms of configuration and preferred conformation. Reaction of5 with sulfuric acid yields 3-benzoyl-1,2-dihydropyridin-2-one (7).

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Synthese funktionalisierter 3,4-Dihydro-2H-pyrane durch Hetero —Diels-Alder — Reaktion eines Enaminoketons mit Enolethern

Zusammenfassung Die Hetero —Diels-Alder — Reaktion von 3-(N-Acetylbenzylamino)-2-cyano-1-phenyl-2-propen-1-on (3) mit Enolethern (4) führt in guten Ausbeuten zu den diastereomeren Cycloaddukten5 und6. Die Strukturen der Produkte werden im Zusammenhang mit ihrer Konfiguration und Vorzugskonformation diskutiert. Die Reaktion von5 mit Schwefelsäure liefert 3-Benzoyl-1,2-dihydropyridin-2-on (7).

     

Determination of metal content in some herbal drugs-Empirical and chemometric approach

The concentrations of Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, K, Ca, Mg, Al, Ba and B in 26 herbal drugs of special importance in phytopharmacy were studied. Flame atomic absorption and emission spectrometry (FAAS, FAES), as well as inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), were applied in this work. The whole procedure, from sample preparation, via dissolution, to measurements, was validated by using CRM (NIST 1573a—tomato leaves), and the obtained recovery values are in the range from 91 to 102%. Drug samples originated from medicinal plants cultivated in Serbia contained Cu (4.47-14.08 mg kg⁻¹), Zn (8.4-54.5 mg kg⁻¹), Mn (9-155 mg kg⁻¹), Fe (47-546 mg kg⁻¹), K (0.20-6.24%), Ca (0.18-1.84%), Mg (0.13-1.09%), Al (16-416 mg kg⁻¹), Ba (11.70-84.83 mg kg⁻¹) and B (5.1-118.7 mg kg⁻¹). In order to get a better insight into the elemental patterns, a common chemometric approach to data evaluation was used. Four significant factors identified by principal component analysis (PCA) were attributed partly to the significant influential sources and high mobility of some elements thus referring to potential anthropogenic contamination as well.