Self-aligned imaging system using phase conjugate readout from elementary holographic grating

We propose a self-aligned imaging system (SAIS) using phase conjugate readout from an elementary holographic grating. The SAIS provides a huge amount of interconnections between a lot of points on two corresponding imaging planes without troublesome mechanical alignment. In the SAIS, a hologram for one-to-one interconnection is used for many-to-many interconnections. In addition, the SAIS has the capability of correcting aberration. Preliminary experiments verify the principle and the capability of the SAIS.     

Control of a photoreaction by electron spin resonance (II): The effect of radical pair lifetime on the control efficiency

The magnetic-field and the microwave effects on the photoreactions of anthraquinone-2-sulfonate and anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid with xanthene were observed in an SDS micellar solution. The reaction products were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. With increasing the magnetic-field strength from the residual value to 400 mT, the yield of dixanthenyl, which is an “escape product”, increased considerably. Upon irradiating the system with a microwave (9400 MHz, 1.0 kW), however, the yield decreased almost to the minimum value at around 334 mT, where the intermediate radical pair becomes resonant with the microwave field. Therefore, we can detect the ESR spectrum of the transient radical pair by the product yield (product-yield-detected ESR or PYESR). In the present study, we observed a clear reversed microwave effect at the center of the PYESR spectrum, whose cause was attributed to “spin locking” of the radical pair by an intense microwave field. The microwave effects for the two systems were, different from each other in several respects including the extent of this spin locking effect in the product yield. The PYESR spectra were calculated by using a quantum mechanical method to discuss the relation between the microwave effect and the radical pair dynamics, the latter of which was also observed in the present study by the “pulse-PYESR” method.     

A finite element method prediction of the vibration of a bridge subjected to a moving vehicle load

This paper is concerned with the analysis of dynamic deflection and acceleration of a concrete bridge which is subjected to a moving vehicle load. The bridge, to be constructed across the River Brahmaputra in India, consists of 20 main spans, and each main span is assumed to be double cantilever type with a small suspended span. The moving vehicle is modeled as one degree of freedom. The deflections and accelerations at specific locations on the bridge when the vehicle moves at constant speed are analyzed by using the finite element method.     

Selective absorption

Summary Some organic acids, alcohol and amine which have an asymmetric carbon atom were used for an investigation of asymmetric absorption on wool. Racemic mixture of hydratropic acid, mandelic acid andα-phenethylamine have shown the selective absorption on wool from their aqueous and alcoholic aqueous solutions and S-form of their diastereoisomers preferentially absorbed on wool. According to the results we obtained so far, it is concluded that the preferential absorption strongly depends on the configuration of the substance of which wool is composed.     

The breaking of exchange degeneracy in dual unitarisation

The splitting of trajectories with non-vacuum quantum numbers is discussed within the dual unitarisation scheme. The estimated difference in intercepts between vector-tensor trajectories of opposite signatures, such as ? ? A₂ and $\text{K}{}^1\text{?}\text{K}{}^7$, agrees both in sign and magnitude with that deduced from phenomenological analyses.     

Phase separation in the formation of hollow particles by suspension polymerization for divinylbenzene/toluene droplets dissolving polystyrene

Phase-separation behavior within polymerizing divinylbenzene/toluene droplet dissolving polystyrenes (PS) was investigated to clarify the formation mechanism of the hollow polymer particles by suspension polymerization. No hollow particles were obtained at a low content of low-molecular-weight PS where phase separation occurred at high conversion. On the other hand, hollow particles were obtained at a high content of high-molecular-weight PS where phase separation occurred at low conversion. The phase separation in an early stage of the polymerization, which was promoted by the presence of PS and cross-links of polydivinylbenzene, was a key factor for the formation of the hollow structure.