Estimation of the critical viscous sub-layer in shock wave boundary layer interaction

Zusammenfassung Wenn eine kompressible Grenzschicht (laminar oder turbulent) einer Störung unterworfen wird, sei es durch eigene Instabilität oder von aussen aufgeprägt, so macht sich der Einfluss dieser Störung sowohl stromaufwärts wie stromabwärts in der Strömungsgrenzschicht bemerkbar.Lighthill nimm in seiner mathematischen Behandlung des Mechanismus der Fortpflanzung dieser Störung stromaufwärts und stromabwärts an, dass die laminare Unterschicht der Grenzschicht genug ist, um Kompressibilitätseffekte darin vernachlässigen zu können.In vorliegender Veröffentlichung wurde die Dicke dieser kritischen laminaren Unterschicht abgeschätzt, ausgehend von ähnlichkeitsbetrachtungen und unter Verwendung vorhandener Messresultate. Es wurde festgestellt, dass das Verhältnis zwischen der kritischen, zähen Unterschicht zur totalen Grenzschtdicke (ungestört) im laminaren Fall von der Grössenordnung 110 und im turbulenten Fall etwa 1100 ist.     

A Weinreb nitrile oxide and nitrone for cycloaddition

[reaction: see text] The cycloaddition of Weinreb amide functionalized nitrile oxide/nitrones with a range of dipolarophiles has been explored.     

Laser-induced above-band-gap transparency in GaAs

We report the observation of large (approximately 40%) laser-induced above-band-gap transparency in GaAs at room temperature. The induced transparency is present only during the pulse width of the driving midinfrared laser pulses and its spectral shape is consistent with a laser-induced blueshift of the band edge. Our simulations based on the dynamic Franz-Keldysh effect reproduce the salient features of the experimental results, demonstrating, in particular, that the amount of the band edge shift is approximately given by the ponderomotive potential.     

A robust method for the synthesis of colloidal PbS nanosheets

In the synthesis of colloidal PbS nanosheets, acetic acid – either injected externally or produced during the reaction – has a significant effect on the growth of the nanosheets. When the acetic acid to lead molar ratio is above 1:8, no nanosheets are observed in the product. By replacing lead acetate with lead oxide to prepare the lead precursor for the reaction, the effect of acetic acid is avoided, resulting in a robust synthesis with nearly 100% success rate. In the new synthesis, the purity of trioctylphosphine (the co‐solvent for sulfur precursor) has no significant effect on the formation of nanosheets. Thickness tunability is achieved in the acetate‐free synthesis by tuning the reaction temperature. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Ozone: unresolved discrepancies for dipole oscillator strength distributions, dipole sums, and van der Waals coefficients

Dipole oscillator strength distributions (DOSDs) for ozone are constructed from experimental photoabsorption cross-sections combined with constraints provided by the Kuhn-Reiche-Thomas sum rule, the high-energy behavior of the dipole-oscillator-strength density, and molar refractivity data. A lack of photoabsorption data in the intermediate energy region from 24 to 524 eV necessitates the use of a mixture rule in that region. For this purpose, a DOSD for O(2) is constructed first. The dipole properties for O(2) are essentially the same as those obtained in earlier work even though most of the input data is from more recent experiments. A discrepancy is found between the refractivity data and photoabsorption data in the 10-20.6 eV range for ozone. A reliable ozone DOSD of the sort obtained for many other species remains out of reach. However, it is suggested that the true dipole properties of ozone lie between those predicted by two distributions that we present.     

A Reinvestigation of the Reaction of Hydrazine Hydrate With 2-Substituted Styryl-4-Quinazolones

The reaction of hydrazine hydrate with certain 2-substituted styryl-4-quinazolones results in the formation of a novel tricyclic heterocycle and not the previously reported acyl hydrazide. A mechanistic rationale is presented.