Intergranular giant magnetoresistance in a spontaneously phase separated perovskite oxide

We present small-angle neutron scattering data proving that, on the insulating side of the metal-insulator transition, the doped perovskite cobaltite La(1-x)Sr(x)CoO(3) phase separates into ferromagnetic metallic clusters embedded in a nonferromagnetic matrix. This induces a hysteretic magnetoresistance, with temperature and field dependence characteristic of intergranular giant magnetoresistance (GMR). We argue that this system is a natural analog to the artificial structures fabricated by depositing nanoscale ferromagnetic particles in a metallic or insulating matrix; i.e., this material displays a GMR effect without the deliberate introduction of chemical interfaces.     

Raman spectral imaging of a carbon nanotube intramolecular junction

Confocal Raman spectral imaging results are presented for a metal-to-semiconductor intramolecular junction (IMJ) on an isolated carbon nanotube. Spectra observed at the junction are consistent with the symmetry lowering expected from the occurrence of pentagon-heptagon defects to produce the chirality shift. The IMJ transition zone is sharp and preserves the nanotube diameter. These results have significant implications for the future use of IMJs as electronic devices, including how prevalent these structures are and how their growth may be rationally targeted. Raman imaging has been demonstrated to be a powerful tool for IMJ studies and provides a more accessible method for further studies of IMJ structure and growth.     

试论物理信息题建模策略

信息题的命题形式是当前考试命题热点，它以最新科技动态或将物理史实作为知识的载体，考查学生提取信息、获取新知识，再运用新知识，解决实际问题的能力．由于取材新颖，学生在解决过程中往往感到困惑；笔者经过近几年的观察与研究，认为其根本问题在于物理建模思维的缺损．     

NO分子和氧原子的高分辨离子谱实验研究

共振增强多光子电离及飞行时间质谱技术是一种具有高分辨率、高灵敏度的光谱研究技术。利用上述技术研究了由激光光解NO2产物-NO与原子O的离子谱,获得了振转态高度分辨的NO(X^2П,v″,J″)γ(0,0)γ(0,1)γ(1,1)带的离子谱以及自旋-轨道精细能级分辨的氧原子O(2P^3PJ^″=2,1,0)离子谱。氧原子O(2P^3PJ^″=2→3P^3PJ^″、2P^3PJ^″=1→3P^3PJ′、2P^3PJ″=0→3P^3PJ′)的离子信号位于紫外电离探测激光的波长分别为225．65nm,226．04nm,226．23nm。实验表明,共振增强多光子电离加飞行时间技术研究原子、分子光谱其灵敏度与分辨率远高于常用的激光感生荧光方法。所得到的NO分子与氧原子的离子谱及它们的离子信号对NO2分子光解及NO分子与氧原子的电离动力学研究提供了有益的实验信息。     

光纤连接器端面几何参量自动测量仪

报道了一种高精度测量光纤连接器端面几何参量的自动测量仪。叙述了光纤连接器的端面几何参量的测量原理。由光纤连接器端面形貌和纤芯中心坐标,可以高精度得到曲率半径、顶点偏移量、端面倾斜角和光纤高度等影响连接器性能的关键端面几何参量。该仪器体积小,自动化程度高,用户界面友好,使用方便,可测量物理接触、角度式物理接触等类型的光纤连接器端面几何参量。实际测量证明,该测量仪有很好的重复测量精度。该测量仪与美国Dorc公司ZX-1 mini PMS测量仪和Norland公司NC3000测量仪相比,测量精度水平相当。该仪器样机已通过华东国家计量测试中心的测试。     

对电泳液中颜料粒子运动性能的研究

详细介绍了胶体悬浮液作为一种显示用电泳液时的电学性能,分析了电泳颗粒的运动特征;针对目前有些文献中提到的介电泳现象以及利用介电泳现象制成的无源矩阵驱动方式,从理论角度进行了分析。指出介电泳现象在理论上确实存在,但是绝大多数的电泳液在显示时介电泳现象都很微弱,很难实现廉价、大面积的无源矩阵驱动;最后以一种电泳液为例测试了其反射谱,从实验角度验证了此结论, 并给出了最佳的驱动参数。     

Optical study of single crystals grown by the Czochralski method from Yb3+-doped (Gd1−x Y x )2SiO5 solid solution

Yb³⁺-doped crystals were grown by the Czochralski method from (Gd_0.5Y_0.5)₂SiO₅ melt employing seeds cut out from single crystals of Yb:Gd₂SiO₅ and Yb:Y₂SiO₅. XRD analysis revealed that the structure of the solid solution crystals grown is consistent with the structure of the seed, namely C2/c for the Yb:Y₂SiO₅ seed and P2₁/c for the Yb:Gd₂SiO₅ seed. Optical absorption spectra, emission spectra and luminescence decay curves were recorded at 10 K and 300 K. Analysis of gathered spectroscopic data made it possible to evaluate radiative transition rates for the ²F_5/2 multiplet of Yb³⁺ in the two structures and to assess crystal field splitting of multiplets involved in radiative transitions. It has been concluded that transition intensities and relaxation dynamics of Yb³⁺ in the systems studied are similar but the intensity distribution of emission and absorption bands depends significantly on the system structure. This feature, combined with inhomogeneous broadening of spectral lines, may be advantageous for the tailoring of lasers employing ytterbium-doped crystals for specific applications.     

原子吸收光谱法测定粉煤灰中氧化镁

采用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定粉煤灰中氧化镁的含量。用氢氟酸-高氯酸混合酸分解样品,以氯化锶消除其他元素的干扰。本方法操作简便、再现性好、灵敏度高,氧化镁浓度在0.10—2.00μg/mL之间线性关系良好,检出限可达0.02%,适用于粉煤灰中氧化镁的测定。     

非局域密度泛函理论表征活性炭孔径分布的改进算法

为提高由NLDFT计算值确定活性炭孔径分布(PSD)的精度,根据测得的77K氮在非石墨化碳黑BP460和椰壳活性炭K05上的吸附数据,比较了吸附空间及壁面结构采取不同假设对计算结果的影响。结果表明,常规将活性炭吸附空间近似为无限尺寸的石墨化碳黑表面构成的狭缝孔,并由Lorenz-Berthelot混合法则确定相互作用参数,计算值在较低压力区域和试验值之间的偏差明显;而将吸附壁面结构近似为非石墨化碳黑,并由表面粗糙度和石墨晶格分布的误差函数修正相互作用参数后,计算结果和试验值吻合良好。分析结果时发现,归一化方法和考虑周边吸附质分子作用的加权函数是影响NLDFT计算结果准确性的关键因素。     

Preparation of synthetic rutile from high titanium slag using microwave heating

In this work, we demonstrate a novel synthesis of synthetic rutile from high titanium slag. This rutile TiO₂ was obtained by a simple one-step microwave roasting route. The influence of microwave roasting temperature and duration on the phase transformation of high titanium slag has been assessed. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results indicate that the intensity of anosovite (Fe₃Ti₃O₁₀) phase, which were the major phase of high titanium slag of carbon thermal reduction of ilmenite ores, decreased rapidly while the peaks for rutile TiO₂ phase increased with increase in the microwave roasting temperature. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) images revealed formation and the particle-size distribution of rutile TiO₂ phase. Based on XRD and SEM analysis, confirmed the dependence of phase structure, composition and crystallite size on the process conditions of microwave roasting.