可调实时时间差电子错位散斑技术及应用

本文首次提出一种可调实时时间差电子错位散斑干涉技术,并成功地用于热变形测量,该方法还可用于长时间连续变形和瞬态大变形的位移测量。叙述了该技术的原理,给出了一些应用的实验结果。     

星际型CH_3CN－H_2含超精细能级的碰撞跃迁速率系数的理论计算

利用ＩＯＳ近似模型，计算了星际分子云条件下Ｅ型ＣＨ３ＣＮ－Ｈ２含超精细能级的的碰撞跃迁速率系数。其温度范围是２０Ｋ－１４０Ｋ。为研究分子云与恒星形成区的物理、化学性质提供了大量有用的基础分子数据。     

结晶紫内酯开环机理的13C NMR研究

报道了结晶紫内酯开环机理研究。通过测定开环前后及平衡混合物的¹³C NMR谱,对结晶紫内酯开环形成的正碳离子结构及影响正碳离子稳定性因素进行了分析。利用开环前后及平衡体系的化学位移数据求得了平衡混合物中内酯态和正碳离子之间的平衡常数.对不同条件下结晶紫内酯开、闭环机制进行了讨论。     

The research in image distinction for isodyne patterns

A new birefringent phase shift method applied in isodyne fringe pattern distinction is developed. The phase map obtained by the new method corresponds to the isodyne surface in whole fields. The theory and technique of the new method is described and a bimaterial beam under three-point bending is studied as an example.     

Transparent conductive graphene films prepared by hydroiodic acid and thermal reduction

Transparent conductive graphene films are fabricated by the transfer printing of graphene aqueous dispersion followed by hydrohalic acids and thermal reduction. Results indicate that the graphene film reduced by hydroiodic acid （HI） reduction combined with thermal treatment shows a higher electrical conductivity than that reduced only by thermal treatment at the same transparency. A film with a sheet resistance of - 2400 D./sq at a transparency over 72% is obtained at a typical wavelength of 550 nm.     

氮氢共掺杂金刚石中氢的典型红外特征峰的表征

所有天然Ia型金刚石红外光谱中都存在3107 cm-1特征峰,而在金属触媒直接合成的金刚石红外光谱中没有检测出3107 cm-1特征峰.本文在6.3 GPa,1500?C条件下,通过Fe70Ni30触媒中添加P3N5直接合成出具有3107 cm-1特征峰的氮氢共掺杂的金刚石.红外光谱分析表明,合成的金刚石中氢有两种存在形式:一种对应着乙烯基团C=CH2中C—H键的伸缩振动(3107 cm-1)和弯曲振动(1450 cm-1)的吸收峰,另一种对应着sp3杂化C—H键的对称伸缩振动(2850 cm-1)和反对称伸缩振动(2920 cm-1)的吸收峰.通过分析发现,3107 cm-1吸收峰与金刚石中聚集态的氮原子有关,当金刚石中没有聚集态的氮元素时,即使氮含量高也不会出现3107 cm-1峰;并且2850和2920 cm-1附近的吸收峰比3107 cm-1附近的吸收峰更为普遍存在.这说明sp3杂化C—H键比乙烯基团的C—H键更广泛存在于金刚石中,从两者的峰值看,天然金刚石中的氢杂质主要以乙烯基团C=CH2存在.3107 cm-1吸收峰与聚集态的氮原子的这种存在关系为天然金刚石形成机制的研究提供了一种新思路,同时较低的合成条件也可能为氢与其他元素共掺杂合成具有n型半导体特性的金刚石提供一个较理想的合成环境.     

Mg2Ni分子的结构和势能函数

采用密度泛函B3LYP方法在6-311+g(d,p)基组水平上对MgNi、Mg2和Mg2Ni分子的各种可能的结构进行优化,得到了它们的几何构型、平衡核间距、离解能和谐振频率.采用最小二乘法拟合MgNi和Mg2分子的Murrell-Sorbie势能函数,在此基础上导出光谱数据和力常数.通过多体项展式理论导出Mg2Ni分子的解析势能函数,并绘出了Mg2Ni分子的等值势能面,其等值势能面正确地反应了基态Mg2Ni分子的平衡构型特征.     

Structure and Mechanical Stability of Epoxy Modified Polyurethane Foam Under Heat and Stress

A series of phenolic epoxy resin (PEP) modified polyurethane foams (PUF) were prepared via an in-situ polymerization, one step process. It was found that the epoxy modified PUF foam exhibited a perforated network structure with larger cell size, higher open cell porosity and enhanced ovality compared with pure PUF. With increasing content of PEP, the tensile strength, elongation at break and low temperature modulus of PUF decreased. A single T_g was observed for PEP modified PUF, indicating that the two component phases of the polyurethane-epoxy were miscible. With increasing PEP content, the T_g of PUF shifted slightly to higher temperature, tan δ_max dropped to lower values, and the retention value of the storage modulus at ?20 and ?10?°C increased. For pure PUF, the cell walls degraded and the structure became disordered after aging under heat and stress, while for PUF/20wt%PEP, the degradation degree was obviously reduced, and an orientation of the cells along the stress direction and a density increase was observed. During aging at 200?°C, the retention of the mechanical properties of PUF/20wt% PEP was much higher than that of pure PUF, and it showed superior stability under heat and stress, attributed to incorporation of the thermally resistant oxazolidone rings and benzene rings in the PU backbones, the highly cross-linked networks of the polyurethane-epoxy systems and the obvious orientation of the cells under stress.     

Annealing effect of platinum-incorporated nanowires created by focused ion/electron-beam-induced deposition

Focused ion-beam-induced deposition(FIBID) and focused electron-beam-induced deposition(FEBID) are convenient and useful in nanodevice fabrication. Since the deposition is from the organometallic platinum precursor, the conductive lines directly written by focused ion-beam(FIB) and focused electron-beam(FEB) are carbon-rich materials. We discuss an alternative approach to enhancing the platinum content and improving the conductivity of the conductive leads produced by FIBID and FEBID, namely an annealing treatment. Annealing in pure oxygen at 500?C for 30 min enhances the platinum content values from ～18% to 30% and ～ 50% to 90% of FIBID and FEBID, respectively. Moreover, we find that thin films will be formed in the FIBID and FEBID processes. The annealing treatment is helpful to avoid the current leakage caused by these thin films. A single electron transistor is fabricated by FEBID and the current–voltage curve shows the Coulomb blockade effect.     

CdSeS合金结构量子点的多激子俄歇复合过程

多激子效应通常是指吸收单个光子产生多个激子的过程,该效应不仅可以为研究基于量子点的太阳能电池开拓新思路,还可以为提高太阳能电池的光电转换效率提供新方法.但是,超快多激子产生和复合机制尚不明确.这里以CdSeS合金结构量子点为研究对象,研究了其多激子生成和复合动力学.稳态吸收光谱显示, 510, 468和430 nm附近的稳态吸收峰,分别对应1S_(3/2)(h)-1S(e)(或1S), 2S_(3/2)(h)-1S(e)(或2S)和1P_P(3/2)(h)-1P(e)(或1P)激子的吸收带.通过飞秒时间分辨瞬态吸收光谱和纳秒时间分辨荧光光谱两种时间分辨光谱技术对CdSeS合金结构量子点的超快动力学进行了探究,结果显示, 1S激子的双激子复合时间大概是80 ps,这一时间比传统量子点的双激子复合时间(小于50 ps)延长了近一倍,结合最近发展的超快界面电荷分离技术,在激子湮灭之前将其利用起来,这一时间的延长将有很大的应用前景;其中,在2S和1P激子中除上述双激子复合外,还存在一个通过声子耦合路径的空穴弛豫过程,时间大概是5—6 ps.最后,利用纳秒时间分辨荧光光谱得到该样品体系单激子复合的时间约为200 ns.