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951.
952.
Reversibly photoswitchable 1,2‐bis(2‐ethyl‐6‐phenyl‐1‐benzothiophene‐1,1‐dioxide‐3‐yl)perfluorocyclopentenes (EBT) having fluorescent “closed” forms were decorated with four or eight carboxylic groups and attached to antibodies. Low aggregation, efficient photoswitching in aqueous buffers, specific staining of cellular structures, and good photophysical properties were demonstrated. Alternating light pulses of UV and blue light induce numerous reversible photochemical transformations between two stables states with distinct structures. Using relatively low light intensities, EBTs were applied in biology‐related super‐resolution microscopy based on the reversible saturable (switchable) optical linear fluorescence transitions (RESOLFT) and demonstrated optical resolution of 75 nm.  相似文献   
953.
4-(Chloroacetyl)diphenyl ether was synthesized from chloroacetyl chloride and diphenyl ether in the presence of AlCl3 as catalyst in a Friedel-Crafts reaction. Then, its keto oxime and dioxime derivatives were prepared. 4-phenoxy-(N-4-chlorophenylamino)phenylglyoxime (H2L) was synthesized from 4-(phenoxy)chlorophenylglyoxime and 4-chloroaniline. Ni(II), Co(II) and Cu(II) complexes of H2L were obtained. The mononuclear Ni(II), Co(II) and Cu(II) complexes of H2L have a metal–ligand ratio of 1:2 and the ligand coordinates through the two N atoms, as do most of the vic-dioximes. The structure of the ligand was identified by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 13C NMR (APT) spectroscopy and elemental analysis data. The structures of the complexes were characterized on the basis of FT-IR, ICP-AES, UV-Vis, elemental analysis, magnetic susceptibility measurements, and cyclic voltammetry. The electrochemical measurements were obtained by using cyclic voltammetry in DMF solution at room temperature. The electrochemical behaviors of H2L and its complexes showed that the redox process of H2L has one irreversible oxidation wave, whereas the redox processes of the complexes have both oxidation and reduction waves with metal centered.  相似文献   
954.
Two novel one-dimensional polymeric cyano-bridged platinum(II) complexes of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-ethylenediamine (hydeten), [MII(hydeten)Pt(CN)2(μ-CN)2]n (MII = ZnII (1) and CdII (2)), were synthesized and characterized by physico-chemical methods (elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy and thermoanalytical measurements) and X-ray diffraction. Thermal behaviours of 1 and 2 were followed using TG and DTA (DSC) techniques. The 1D chain structures of 1 and 2 were verified by X-ray diffraction studies. According to the positions of the bridging cyano groups, in complex 1 the polymeric chains are built up via the 2,2-CT type, while in complex 2 the polymeric chains are built up via the 2,2-TT type.  相似文献   
955.
The tetraaquabis(ethylisonicotinate)cobalt(II) disaccharinate, [Co(ein)2(H2O)4].(sac)2, (CENS), (ein: ethylisonicotinate and sac: saccharinate) complex has been synthesized and its crystal structure has been determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The title complex crystallizes in monoclinic system with space group P2(1)/c and Z=2. The Co(II) cations present a slightly distorted CoN2O4 octahedral environment, with equatorially coordinated water molecules and axially pyridine N-bound ethylisonicotinate ligands. The magnetic environments of Cu2+-doped Co(II) complex have been identified by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) technique. Cu2+-doped CENS single crystals have been studied at room temperature in three mutually perpendicular planes. The calculated results of the Cu2+-doped CENS indicate that Cu2+ ion substitute with the Co2+ ion in the host lattice. The angular variations of the EPR spectra have shown that two different Cu2+ complexes are located in different chemical environments, and each environment contains two magnetically inequivalent Cu2+sites in distinct orientations occupying substitutional positions in the lattice and show very high angular dependence. The cyclic voltammogram of the title complex investigated in dimethylformamide (DMF) solution exhibits only metal centered electroactivity in the potential range -1.0-1.25V versus Ag/AgCl reference electrode.  相似文献   
956.
OBJECTIVE: Hydrocephalus is an important etiological factor in neurological decline. With the advent of fetal ultrasound, fetal hydrocephalus is now more frequently detected than in the past. Ultrasonography (USG) provides information on general morphology, but microstructural changes that may play a prognostic role are beyond the resolution of that technique. These changes may theoretically be revealed by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI). In this study, our preliminary findings of DW-MRI on the hydrocephalic fetuses are presented. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twelve fetuses with fetal USG diagnosis of hydrocephalus were investigated using a 1.5-T MR scanner. In addition to conventional techniques, DWI was performed. It was obtained using a single-shot echo-planar imaging sequence (TR/TE: 4393/81 ms; slice thickness: 5 mm; interslice gap: 1 mm; FOV: 230 mm; matrix size: 128x256; b values: 0 and 1000 s/mm2). Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were measured in the white matter of the periventricular frontal and occipital lobes, basal ganglia, thalamus, centrum semiovale and cerebrospinal fluid in the lateral ventricle. These values were compared with the normal prenatal ADC values from a radiological study published in the literature. RESULTS: All fetuses had moderate or severe bilateral supratentorial ventricular dilatation that was compatible with hydrocephalus. On conventional T1- and T2-weighted imaging, cerebral parenchyma had normal signal pattern and ADC values were significantly lower than those reported for fetuses with normal brain. These values were lower in hydrocephalic fetuses with statistical significance (P<.05-.01). CONCLUSION: DWI is a sensitive technique to investigate cerebral microstructure. The reduction in cerebral blood flow and alterations in cerebral energy metabolism in cases with hydrocephalus have been shown before. Changes in cerebral blood flow and energy metabolism, as a consequence of cerebral compression, may occur in hydrocephalus. Elevated ventricular pressure may cause cerebral ischemia. The anaerobic glycolysis seen in the hydrocephalic brain tissue by increasing the lactate concentration and intracellular fluid flux may be the reason for the reduced ADC values in hydrocephalic fetuses. However, long-term prospective trials on the correlation of ADC values and neurological outcome are necessary to exploit the full benefit of that novel technique.  相似文献   
957.
Radioactivity levels in some wild edible mushroom species in Turkey   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Eleven different wild-growing edible mushroom species collected from various regions of Turkey were analysed for their content of 137Cs, 40K, 226Ra and 232Th using a high-resolution gamma-ray spectrometry. Specific activities of 226Ra and 232Th were generally below detection limits. The specific activities of 137Cs and 40K ranged from 2.4+/-0.3 to 109.0+/-7.3 Bq kg-1 with a mean of 28.4+/-27.2 Bq kg-1 (dry matter) and 715.5+/-50.1 to 1779.0+/-163.7 Bq kg-1 with a mean of 1150.8+/-315.2 Bq kg-1 (dry matter), respectively. The mean annual effective dose of 137Cs and 40K through mushrooms were estimated to be (7.0+/-6.0)x10(-3) microSv and 0.13+/-0.03 microSv, respectively. The overall intake of 137Cs is quite low and no significant contamination was found in collected mushroom species. The highest contents of 137Cs and 40K among the analysed mushrooms were in Morchella esculenta and Stropharia coronilla, respectively.  相似文献   
958.
The laser flash photolysis resonance fluorescence technique was used to monitor atomic Cl kinetics. Loss of Cl following photolysis of CCl4 and NaCl was used to determine k(Cl + C6H6) = 6.4 x 10(-12) exp(-18.1 kJ mol(-1)/RT) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1) over 578-922 K and k(Cl + C6D6) = 6.2 x 10(-12) exp(-22.8 kJ mol(-1)/RT) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1) over 635-922 K. Inclusion of literature data at room temperature leads to a recommendation of k(Cl + C6H6) = 6.1 x 10(-11) exp(-31.6 kJ mol(-1)/RT) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1) for 296-922 K. Monitoring growth of Cl during the reaction of phenyl with HCl led to k(C6H5 + HCl) = 1.14 x 10(-12) exp(+5.2 kJ mol(-1)/RT) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1) over 294-748 K, k(C6H5 + DCl) = 7.7 x 10(-13) exp(+4.9 kJ mol(-1)/RT) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1) over 292-546 K, an approximate k(C6H5 + C6H5I) = 2 x 10(-11) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1) over 300-750 K, and an upper limit k(Cl + C6H5I) < or = 5.3 x 10(-12) exp(+2.8 kJ mol(-1)/RT) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1) over 300-750 K. Confidence limits are discussed in the text. Third-law analysis of the equilibrium constant yields the bond dissociation enthalpy D(298)(C6H5-H) = 472.1 +/- 2.5 kJ mol(-1) and thus the enthalpy of formation Delta(f)H(298)(C6H5) = 337.0 +/- 2.5 kJ mol(-1).  相似文献   
959.
Two new sterically hindered salicylaldimines, N-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-4)-3,5-Bu2t-salicylaldimine (I) and N-(1-carboxyethyl piperidine-4)-3,5-Bu2t-salicylaldimine (II), have been prepared and characterized by IR, UV-vis, 1H NMR, 13C NMR techniques and the structure of II has been examined by X-ray crystallography. No intermolecular H-bonding, pi-pi stacking or C--H...pi interactions are observed in the structure. The crystal structure the was mainly governed by intermolecular steric repulsions, due to bulky tert-butyl groups and the tendency of salicylaldimine rings to pack in parallel mode forms one-dimensional columns.  相似文献   
960.
Sensitivity of Schur stability of monodromy matrix   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
For Schur stable linear difference equation system with periodic coefficients, we prove continuity theorems on monodromy matrix which show how much change is permissible without disturbing the Schur stability, and some examples illustrating the efficiency of the theorems are given.  相似文献   
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