Constituents of holothuroidea.9. Isolation and structure of a new ganglioside molecular species from the sea cucumber Holothuria pervicax

A new ganglioside molecular species, HPG-7 (1) was obtained from the polar fraction of the chloroform/methanol extract of the sea cucumber, Holothuria pervicax. On the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence, the structure of 1 was determined, and the major component was 1-O-[alpha-L-fucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-(N-acetyl-alpha-D-neuraminosyl) - (2-->11)-(N-glycolyl-alpha-D-neuraminosyl)-(2-->4)-(N-acetyl -alpha-D- neuraminosyl)-(2-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-(2S,3S,4R)-2-[(2R)-2- hydroxytetracosanoylamino]-14-methyl-hexadecane-1,3,4-triol. This is the first report on the isolation and structure elucidation of trisialo-ganglioside from sea cucumber. 1 showed neuritogenic activity toward the rat pheochromocytoma cell line, PC-12 cell.     

Tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide water-in-oil microemulsions: dependence of the minimum amount of alkanol required to produce a microemulsion with the alkanol and organic solvent topology

The amount of alcohol required to produce a microemulsion in a quaternary water-in-oil system was evaluated for a series of alcohols and hydrocarbon solvents of different size or topology. It was observed that the amount of n-hexanol and n-decanol required was similar in all the solvents considered. On the other hand, considerably higher concentrations of the branched alcohols (2,4-dimethyl-3-pentanol and 3-ethyl-3-pentanol) were required to produce the microemulsion, irrespective of the solvent topology (n-hexane or 2,2,4-trimethylpentane). From an analysis of the change in the analytical alcohol concentration with the surfactant concentration the amounts of alcohol present at the microaggregates' surface at the point of microemulsion formation were obtained. It is concluded that the high amounts of branched alcohols required are due to both less efficient incorporation at the interface and the larger number of alcohol molecules per surfactant required to stabilize the microemulsion.     

Cyclopentanone in the Synthesis of Fused 4,7-Phenanthroline Derivatives

Catalytic condensation of cyclopentanone with arylmethylene(6-quinolyl)amines gave previously unknown 8-aryl-10,11-dihydro-9H-cyclopenta[a]-4,7-phenanthrolines.     

Synthesis of N-heteroaromatic onium betaines of indane-1,3-dione

Betaines are formed in good yields in the reaction of N-heteroaromatic compounds with 2-dicyanomethyleneindane-1,3-dione oxide and its 4- and 5-halo derivatives in dioxane. The corresponding oxides were obtained by oxidation of 2-dicyanomethyleneindane-1,3-dione and its 4- and 5-substituted derivatives with hydrogen peroxide in dioxane. Data from the IR spectra of the compounds are presented.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 7, pp. 889–892, July, 1978.     

Mixed-metal ethylenediaminetetraacetates of neodymium and alkaline earths

Conclusions In solution, the complexes M^II(NdA)₂ do not have a polynuclear structure. In the conditions studied, hydroxo polynuclear complexes including EDTA and M^II and Nd³⁺ ions are also not formed. Our results are not inconsistent with the hypothesis that the solid complex Ca(NdA)₂·17H₂O has a polynuclear structure and that the polynuclear character is successively weakened as Ca²⁺ is replaced by Sr²⁺ and Ba²⁺.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1235–1239, June, 1977.     

Stereochemistry of the synthesis of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydrocinnolines from aryldiazenium salts and olefins

It follows from the PMR spectra that the reaction of 1-methyl-, 1-phenyl-, 1-ethyl-,1-phenyl-, and 1,1-diphenyldiazenium salts with cis- and trans-d-styrenes, which leads to the corresponding 3-d-4-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrocinnolines, takes place with retention of the configuration in the starting styrenes. It is therefore proposed that this reaction be regarded as a special case of [4⁺_s + 2_s]-cycloaddition.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 12, pp. 1658–1661, December, 1977.     

Darstellung und spektroskopische Untersuchungen von Trivinyl- und Triallyl-fluorsilan

Preparation and Spectroscopical Investigations of Trivinyl- and Triallylfluorosilane Trivinyl- and Triallylfluorosilane were prepared. The i.r. and Raman spectra have been recorded. The discussion of intra- and intermolecular interactions is based on the spectroscopic data.