Global attractor for heat convection problem in a micropolar fluid

The article is devoted to describe asymptotics in the heat convection problem for a micropolar fluid in two dimensions. We show the existence and the uniqueness of global in time solutions and then prove the existence of a global attractor for considered model. Next, the Hausdorff dimension of the global attractor is estimated. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Two thia­zolino­[2,3-a]­iso­quinolinone S-oxides

The structures of two racemic thia­zolino­[2,3-a]­isoquinolinone S-oxides, i.e. 8,9-di­methoxy-2,3,5,6-tetra­hydro-10bH-thia­zolo­[2,3-a]­isoquinolin-3-one 1-oxide [C₁₃H₁₅NO₄S, (IIa)] and 8,9-di­methoxy-10b-methyl-2,3,5,6-tetra­hydro-10bH-thia­zolo­[2,3-a]­isoquinolin-3-one 1-oxide [C₁₄H₁₇NO₄S, (IIb)], are described. The thia­zolinone ring in (IIa) exists in an envelope conformation, while in (IIb), it assumes a half-chair conformation. In (IIa) and (IIb), the six-membered heterocyclic ring adopts an envelope conformation. The O atom at sulfur is oriented in a pseudo-axial position, whereas the H atom in (IIa) and the methyl group in (IIb), linked to the stereogenic C centre, occupy a bisectional position with respect to the partially saturated pyridine ring and a pseudo-axial position with respect to the thia­zolinone ring. In both structures, the S=O group and the substituent at the stereogenic C centre are trans with respect to one another. Intermolecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds are observed in the crystal lattice of (IIa) and (IIb).     

Polyketanils. Polymers protonated with Bronsted acid

New luminescent materials—aromatic polyketanils (PKs) containing p‐phenylene and biphenylene linkages in the backbone and electron‐donating, side‐group substitutions—were synthesized via melt polycondensation with the goal of studying the interactions between the polymer chains (PKs), primary dopant [1,2‐(di‐2‐ethylhexyl)ester of 4‐sulfophthalic acid (PSA)], and secondary dopant [m‐cresol (MC)] with ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), ultraviolet–visible, and photoluminescence measurements. Spectral changes were observed for the PKs after primary and secondary doping, and they supported ionic‐ and hydrogen‐bond formation between the PKs and the PSA and MC, respectively. This specific interaction of the dopant with the host polymer influenced the PK properties, and the following observations were made: (1) HOMO/LUMO energy gap of the protonated PKs; (2) bathochromic/hypsochromic photoluminescence shifts observed after protonation with PSA; (3) a downfield chemical shift of the labile proton in the protonating agent OH group in the ¹H NMR spectra of the protonated polymers; (4) a protonation decrease in the intensity of the C?N stretching band in the FTIR spectrum; and (5) a spherulite‐like morphology, detected by atomic force microscopy and polarized optical microscopy. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 5645–5660, 2006     

Mass spectrometric and PM5 study of N-(2-pyridyl)-aminomethyldiphoshonic acids and their complexes with alkali cations

Four N-(2-pyridyl)aminomethyldiphoshonic acids have been synthesized and the formation of the complexes between them and alkali cations were studied by the electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI MS). The ESI spectra have evidenced formation of various types of complexes of the acids and monovalent cations, directly related to the formation of respective mono- and disalts of the acids. The main fragmentation path of the acids and their complexes is realized by the elimination of H₂O or H₃PO₃ molecules. The structures of the acids and their complexes with monovalent cations have been calculated by the PM5 method. The structure and the stabilization role of the intramolecular hydrogen bonds for the complexes are discussed.     

Diverse reactivity of 2-formylphenylboronic acid with secondary amines: synthesis of 3-amino-substituted benzoxaboroles

In the reaction of 2-formylphenylboronic acid with secondary amines different products are formed depending on the structure of the amines. For aliphatic amines the reaction proceeds with the formation of 3-amino-substituted benzoxaboroles or with the formation of complexed boroxins. A crystal structure of the benzoxaborole with a thiomorpholinyl substituent was determined.     

New efficient ruthenium metathesis catalyst containing chromenyl ligand

A synthesis of new Hoveyda-Grubbs-type catalyst with chromenyl ligand was described herein. The new catalyst was tested in model RCM and CM reactions. The catalyst proved to be quite efficient. It showed activity comparable or superior to that of commercially available Grubbs second-generation complexes.     

The reaction of optically active α-aminocarboxylic acid hydrazides with triethyl orthoesters

New derivatives of 2-(1-amino-1-phenylmethyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole and 1,2,4-triazin-6-one were synthesised in the reactions of optically active α-aminocarboxylic acid hydrazides and triethyl orthoesters in xylene. The electronic and steric effects of substituents at the α position influencing the formation of five- or six-membered products are discussed.     

Thermo-chemical properties of biomass from Posidonia oceanica

Posidonia oceanica (PO) is a marine plant endemic to the Mediterranean basin, forming extensive grasslands. Onshore residues represent a major environmental, economic, social and hygienic problem in all coastal zones of the Mediterranean basin due to the great disturbance they cause to bathers and beachfront populations. This work sought to evaluate the thermo-chemical properties of PO in pyrolysis and thermo-oxidative degradation processes. The investigations were carried out using a thermogravimetric analyser (TGA) coupled to a quadrupole mass spectrometer (MS) and an infrared spectrometer (FTIR). In addition, proximate, ultimate, diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) and biodegradability analyses were carried out on PO. The biodegradability analysis confirmed that residues of PO were a biodegradable material. Accordingly, the application of PO as a feedstock for combustion/co-combustion or biorefining is recommended.     

On existence of integrable solutions of a functional integral equation under Carathéodory conditions

We study the solvability of a functional integral equation in the space of Lebesgue integrable functions on an unbounded interval. Using the conjunction of the technique of measures of weak noncompactness with the classical Schauder fixed point principle we show that the equation in question is solvable in the mentioned function space. Our existence result is obtained under the assumption that functions involved in the investigated functional integral equation satisfy Carathéodory conditions. Moreover, that result generalizes several ones obtained earlier in many research papers and monographs.     

A Novel Synthesis of 1-Aminoalkanephosphonic Acid Derivatives from 1-(N-Acylamino)- alkyltriphenylphosphonium Salts

Efficient and convenient procedures for the α-amidoalkylation of trialkylphosphites with 1-(N-acylamino)alkyltriphenylphosphonium salts followed by a Michaelis–Arbuzov-type reaction to afford 1-(N-acylamino)alkanephosphonic acid esters have been developed. High yields and simple isolation and purification protocols are the main advantages of this method.