Search for isovector giant monopole resonances via the Pb(3He,tp) reaction

The (nat)Pb(3He,tp) reaction at E(3He) = 177 MeV was studied to identify 2Planck's over 2piomega isovector monopole strength in Bi isotopes. Monopole strength was found in the region -45相似文献   

Analogy between unconventional superconductivity and unconventional states of liquid crystals

An analogy is stressed between the order-parameter symmetries of the two-dimensional d-pairing wave superconductors and of liquid-crystal mesophases formed from achiral bent-shaped molecules. It leads to a definition of a class of liquid-crystal states which are the analogs of the unconventional superconducting states, and are characterized by a loss of discrete symmetry operations of the parent state.     

Creatine kinase B deficient neurons exhibit an increased fraction of motile mitochondria

Background  

Neurons require an elaborate system of intracellular transport to distribute cargo throughout axonal and dendritic projections. Active anterograde and retrograde transport of mitochondria serves in local energy distribution, but at the same time also requires input of ATP. Here we studied whether brain-type creatine kinase (CK-B), a key enzyme for high-energy phosphoryl transfer between ATP and CrP in brain, has an intermediary role in the reciprocal coordination between mitochondrial motility and energy distribution. Therefore, we analysed the impact of brain-type creatine kinase (CK-B) deficiency on transport activity and velocity of mitochondria in primary murine neurons and made a comparison to the fate of amyloid precursor protein (APP) cargo in these cells, using live cell imaging.     

Critical petermann K factor for intensity noise squeezing

We investigate the impact of the Petermann-excess-noise factor K>/=1 on the possibility of intensity noise squeezing of laser light below the standard quantum limit. Using an N-mode model, we show that squeezing is limited to a floor level of 2(K-1) times the shot noise limit. Thus, even a modest Petermann factor significantly impedes squeezing, which becomes impossible when K>/=1.5. This appears as a serious limitation for obtaining sub-shot-noise light from practical semiconductor lasers. We present experimental evidence for our theory.     

Discontinuous local semiflows for Kurzweil equations leading to LaSalle's invariance principle for differential systems with impulses at variable times

In this paper, we consider an initial value problem for a class of generalized ODEs, also known as Kurzweil equations, and we prove the existence of a local semidynamical system there. Under certain perturbation conditions, we also show that this class of generalized ODEs admits a discontinuous semiflow which we shall refer to as an impulsive semidynamical system. As a consequence, we obtain LaSalle's invariance principle for such a class of generalized ODEs. Due to the importance of LaSalle's invariance principle in studying stability of differential systems, we include an application to autonomous ordinary differential systems with impulse action at variable times.     

Thermal characterization of raw material pentoxifylline using thermoanalytical techniques and Pyr-GC/MS

This work studied the thermal characterization of the pentoxifylline raw material through thermoanalytical techniques (TG, DSC, DSC-photovisual) and analysis of degradation products by Pyr-GC/MS. The picture obtained with DSC-photovisual showed the total vaporization of pentoxifylline at 230.0 °C. The TG dynamical curve presented only one step for the loss of mass evidencing to be a kinetic process of zero order reaction. The pyrograms obtained for pentoxifylline sample in the solid state and solution in the temperatures of 250.0, 300.0, and 400.0 °C, showed only one peak identifying the pentoxifylline.     

Oxidized multi-walled carbon nanotubes for the dispersive solid-phase extraction of quinolone antibiotics from water samples using capillary electrophoresis and large volume sample stacking with polarity switching

In this work, a new method for the determination of eleven quinolone antibiotics (moxifloxacin, lomefloxacin, danofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, marbofloxacin, enrofloxacin, difloxacin, pefloxacin, oxolinic acid and flumequine) in different water samples using dispersive solid-phase extraction (dSPE) and capillary zone electrophoresis with diode-array detection was developed. Oxidized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (o-MWCNTs) were used for the first time as stationary phases for the off-line preconcentration by dSPE of the antibiotics. A 65 mM phosphate buffer at pH 8.5 was found adequate for analyte separation while large volume sample stacking with polarity switching of the analytes dissolved in water containing 10% (v/v) of acetonitrile was carried out in order to improve the sensitivity. dSPE parameters, such as sample volume and pH, o-MWCNT amount, volume and type of eluent in dSPE were optimized. Application of the developed method to the analysis of spiked Milli-Q, mineral, tap, and wastewater samples resulted in good recoveries values ranging from 62.3 to 116% with relative standard deviation values lower than 7.7% in all cases. Limits of detection were in the range of 28-94 ng/L. The proposed method is very fast, simple, repeatable, accurate and highly selective.     

Possible conformational change within the desolvated and cationized sBBI/trypsin non-covalent complex during the collision-induced dissociation process

Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) has become an analytical technique widely used for the investigation of non-covalent protein-protein and protein-ligand complexes due to the soft desolvation conditions that preserve the stoichiometry of the interacting partners. Dissociation studies of solvated or desolvated complexes (in the source and in the collision cell, respectively) allow access to information on protein conformation and localization of the metal ions involved in protein structure stabilization and biological activity. The complex of bovine trypsin and small soybean Bowman-Birk inhibitor (sBBI) was studied by ESI-MS to determine changes occurring within the complex during its transfer from droplets to the gas phase independently of the ion polarity. Under collision-induced dissociation (CID) conditions, unexpected binding of the Ca(2+) ion (cofactor of native trypsin) to the inhibitor molecule was observed within the desolvated sBBI/trypsin/Ca(2+) complex (with a 1:1:1 stoichiometry). This formal gas-phase migration of the calcium ion from trypsin to the inhibitor may be related to conformational rearrangements in the solvent-free and likely collapsed complex. However, under conditions leading to the increase in complex charge state, the appearance of the cationized trypsin molecule was detected during complex dissociation, thus reflecting different pathways of the evolution of complex conformation.     

Critical separation for efficient Tm3+ -Tm3+ energy transfer evidenced in nanostructured Tm3+: Al2O3 thin films

Nanostructured amorphous Al oxide (a-Al2O3) thin films doped with Tm3+ were synthesized by alternate pulsed laser deposition. The Tm3+ ions have been deposited in layers with in-depth separation ranging from 0.75 to 6 nm. The films show two broad emission bands originated from the Tm3+ 3H4-->3F4 and 3F4-->3H6 transitions. Their intensity increases at a similar rate and the lifetimes are not modified as the layer separation decreases down to 1.5 nm, suggesting that there is no concentration quenching. At the critical value of 1.5 nm the onset of Tm3+ -Tm3+ energy transfer is evidenced by a sharp decrease of the emission intensity and lifetime. Below this critical value, the rate at which the intensity increases for the 3F4-->3H6 transition is much higher than that for the 3H4-->3F4 transition, evidencing quenching of the 3H4-->3F4 transition through a cross-relaxation mechanism. The control of the Tm3+ ions in the nanometer scale allows evidencing the onset of energy transfer processes among ions and offers a route to optimize compact photonic gain integrated devices.     

Mapping nonlinear gravity into General Relativity with nonlinear electrodynamics

We show that families of nonlinear gravity theories formulated in a metric-affine approach and coupled to a nonlinear theory of electrodynamics can be mapped into general relativity (GR) coupled to another nonlinear theory of electrodynamics. This allows to generate solutions of the former from those of the latter using purely algebraic transformations. This correspondence is explicitly illustrated with the Eddington-inspired Born–Infeld theory of gravity, for which we consider a family of nonlinear electrodynamics and show that, under the map, preserve their algebraic structure. For the particular case of Maxwell electrodynamics coupled to Born–Infeld gravity we find, via this correspondence, a Born–Infeld-type nonlinear electrodynamics on the GR side. Solving the spherically symmetric electrovacuum case for the latter, we show how the map provides directly the right solutions for the former. This procedure opens a new door to explore astrophysical and cosmological scenarios in nonlinear gravity theories by exploiting the full power of the analytical and numerical methods developed within the framework of GR.