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11.
GFFs with less than 0.4 dB peak-to-peak error functions are routinely fabricated using commercially available coating machines by utilizing the natural error compensation mechanism of wavelength variable turning point optical monitoring method. 相似文献
12.
S. David Morley Raymond J. Abraham Ian S. Haworth David E. Jackson Martin R. Saunders Jeremy G. Vinter 《Journal of computer-aided molecular design》1991,5(5):475-496
Summary Four modifications to the COSMIC molecular mechanics force field are described, which greatly increase both its versatility and the accuracy of calculated conformational energies. The Hill non-bonded van der Waals potential function has been replaced by a two-parameter Morse curve and a new H-H potential, similar to that in MM3, incorporated. Hydrocarbon energies in particular are much improved.A simple iterative Hückel pi-electron molecular orbital calculation allows modelling of conjugated systems. Calculated bond lengths and rotational barriers for a series of conjugated hydrocarbons and nitrogen heterocycles are shown to be as accurate as those determined by the MM2 SCF method.Explicit hydrogen-bonding potentials for H-bond acceptor-donor atom pairs have been included to give better hydrogen bond energies and lengths. The van der Waals radii of protonic hydrogens are reduced to 0.5 Å and the energy well depth is increased to 1.0 kcal mol-1.Two new general atom types, N+
sp
2
and O-
sp
3
, have been introduced which allow a wide variety of charged conjugated systems to be studied. A minimum of parameterisation is required, as the new types are easily included in the Hückel scheme which automatically adjusts bond and torsional parameters according to the defined bond-order relationships. 相似文献
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Abraham Mehrez Zilla Sinuany-Stern Alan Stulman 《The Journal of the Operational Research Society》1986,37(10):971-977
In this note, we examine the algorithm of Drezner and Wesolowsky for locating a facility with maximin rectilinear distance to a given set of demand points. The concept of the closest-point constraint is introduced as a technique for increasing the efficiency of the algorithm. This potential increase in efficiency is demonstrated by an example. 相似文献
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Abraham J. Domb 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1993,31(8):1973-1981
Blends of biodegradable polymers having properties distinct from the individual polymer components, and that are suitable for use as carriers of pharmaceutically active agents, were prepared from two or more polyanhydrides, polyesters, and mixtures of polyanhydrides and low molecular weight polyesters. The blends have different properties than the original polymers, providing a mean for altering the characteristics of the polymeric matrix without altering the chemical structure of the component polymers. Aliphatic, aromatic, and copolymers of polyanhydrides were miscible in each other and formed less crystalline compositions with a single melting point which was lower than the melting point of the starting polymers. The polyesters: poly(lactide-glycolide), poly(caprolactone), and poly(hydroxybutyric acid) presented some miscibility in each other. However, the polyanhydrides were immiscible with the polyesters resulting in a complete phase separation both in solution or in melt mixing. Only low molecular weight polyesters (in the range of 2000) of lactide and glycolide, mandelic acid, propylenefumarate, and caprolactone presented some miscibility with polyanhydrides. Similarly, poly(orthoester) and hydroxybutyric acid polymers formed a uniform mixture with the anhydride polymers which had the two melting points of the original polymers. Drug release from polymer blends composed of poly(hydroxybutyric acid) or low molecular weight poly(lactic acid) with poly(sebacic anhydride) (PSA) showed a constant release of drug for periods from 2 weeks to several months as a function of the PSA content in the blend. Increasing the content of PSA, a fast degrading polymer, increases the release rate from the blend. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
20.
Meijler MM Arad-Yellin R Cabantchik ZI Shanzer A 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2002,124(43):12666-12667
Synthetic iron chelators based on the natural siderophore ferrichrome have previously been shown to bind Fe(III) with high affinity (pKf > 27) and have shown no toxicity to mammalian cell cultures in vitro. A new class of lipophilic ferrichrome analogues carrying acetoxymethyl ester moieties has been synthesized. We have shown that these molecules penetrate rapidly through cell membranes and turn highly hydrophilic while inside the cells, upon esterase mediated hydrolysis of the lipophilic termini. The intracellular retention was visualized by labeling these analogues with a fluorescent naphthalic diimide probe. The prohydrophilic iron chelators have been shown to inhibit the metal-catalyzed intracellular formation of reactive oxygen species with high effectivity, and preliminary results suggest these molecules to be potent antimalarial agents. 相似文献