Gd~(3+)掺杂浓度对NaErF_4∶Yb纳米晶上转换荧光性能的影响

采用温和的溶剂热法制备较强红光发射的NaErF4∶Yb,Gd上转换纳米晶,控制Gd~(3+)的掺杂浓度实现了晶相和尺寸可控以及上转换荧光的增强。X射线衍射谱(XRD)、透射电子显微镜图像(TEM)和上转换发射光谱结果分析表明,Gd~(3+)掺杂可以有效地促进NaErF_4纳米晶的晶相由立方相向六角相转变,并且减小纳米粒子的尺寸。随着Gd~(3+)掺杂浓度的上升,上转换荧光强度明显增大。当Gd~(3+)摩尔分数为25%时,样品的上转换荧光强度达到最大。同时,研究了在980 nm近红外激光激发下,Yb~(3+)与Er~(3+)间有效的能量传递以及上转换发光机制。     

高温铝等离子体X光发射谱实验

 在神光-Ⅱ高功率激光装置上,以束匀滑的第九路钕玻璃二倍频激光均匀辐照薄层铝埋点靶,通过激光烧蚀作用产生较均匀的铝高温等离子体,用平面晶体谱仪在靶面前向和切向同时测量了X光发射谱信号,并将前向发射谱进行了定量化还原处理。利用辐射流体力学程序MULTI-1D首先对等离子体状态进行了模拟计算,然后采用基于碰撞辐射模型的光谱程序对该状态下的光谱开展了计算,并将实验测量光谱与理论计算光谱进行了比较和分析,符合得较好。     

铁卟啉/钒取代杂多酸新型催化剂的合成、表征和性能研究

文章以水溶性碘化四对(4-三甲氨基苯基)铁卟啉和钒取代杂多酸H5PMo10V2O40为原料,采用离子交换方法在水溶液中合成了一种铁卟啉/钒取代杂多酸新型无机-有机复合催化剂,并使用红外和紫外光谱技术对其结构进行了表征,结果表明,这种新型复合催化剂仍然保持着卟啉的大环共轭结构和杂多酸的笼状多电子结构。同时研究了以30%过氧化氢水溶液为绿色氧化剂,初步探讨了这种铁卟啉杂多酸催化剂对苯的羟基化反应的的影响,考察了催化剂的催化活性。催化氧化实验表明,制备的铁卟啉/杂多酸配合物可用作苯直接氧化羟基化成苯酚的催化剂,并且表现出较高的催化活性。     

Dynamically Broken Supergauge Symmetries

The dynamical breaking of the supergauge symmetries in the massless supergauge Wess Zumino model isdiscussed without adding the Fayet-Iliopoulos term to the Lagrangian. It is shown, in terms of the Nambu-Jona-Lasiniomechanism, that the supersymmetry breaking and the gauge symmetry breaking can be realized dynamically. It is alsoshown that the dynamical breaking moves the vacuum expectation values of two scalar fields away from zero. In order torestore the symmetry of the vacuum, one of the two scalar fields is translated and at the same time the mass spectrumis changed too.     

叶绿素荧光及其在水分胁迫监测中的研究进展

水分胁迫是一种常见的植被胁迫状态,能够减小细胞水势,引起气孔关闭,破坏光合进程。叶绿素荧光是植物光合作用的探针,可以很好的反应植物生理特征,能够快速、灵敏、无损伤和深层次监测水分胁迫状态。由于叶绿素荧光的影响因素较多,使得水分胁迫与叶绿素荧光的关系比较复杂。从光合作用角度阐述了叶绿素荧光的产生原理,分析了叶绿素、叶片结构、冠层结构和环境因子等对叶绿素荧光的影响,总结了叶绿素荧光在水分胁迫监测中的应用;针对叶绿素荧光复杂的生理基础、影响因素及其在水分胁迫监测中的研究进展,提出了一些科学问题和未来的研究方向,为叶绿素荧光的进一步深入研究提供参考,为叶绿素荧光遥感的进一步应用提供理论支持,为陆地生态系统的准确评估提供借鉴。     

肝肿瘤细胞HepG2代谢指纹及代谢足迹的NMR分析

细胞代谢特征的分析是认识细胞生物化学过程物质基础的一个关键点. 该文使用培养72 h的肝肿瘤细胞HepG2为模型,使用一维与二维核磁共振谱学分析方法, 分析了该细胞本身及其培养液中代谢物的组成,确定了50余种覆盖三羧酸循环、糖酵解、氨基酸合成、脂肪酸与胞膜代谢、嘌呤与嘧啶代谢等多个代谢途径的代谢物,发现细胞本身与培养基中代谢物组成能够分别提供“细胞代谢指纹”与“细胞代谢足迹”等互补性信息. 同时发现此方法可用于研究植物次生代谢物槲皮素对肝肿瘤细胞HepG2代谢的影响. 结果表明,核磁共振波谱技术是分析细胞代谢组特征和研究药物对细胞代谢影响规律的有效手段.     

Bonding Interface Imaging and Shear Strength Prediction by Ultrasound

The propagation of a longitudinal ultrasonic wave normally incident upon an adhesively bonded structure is studied. The structure consists of adherend and adhesive layers with finite thickness. Interfaces between adherend and adhesive are regarded as distributed springs. Theoretical and experimental results show that resonant frequencies of the bonded structure vary sensitively with the interface stiffness constants and adhesive thickness, and these interface characteristics are inversed by the simulation annealing (SA) method. Furthermore, the distribution image of interface stiffnesses is compared with the state of fracture interface, and quantitative prediction of shear strength is achieved based on the distribution of interface stiffnesses and adhesive thicknesses by using a back-propagation neutral network. The average relative error of the shear strength from prediction to real value is 10.7%.     

Electric Field Analysis of Space Charge Injection from a Conductive Nano-Filler Electrode

A simulation on the electric field distribution near the electrode is proposed to explain the reason for using nanosized carbon black mixed with ethylene vinyl acetate, as the electrode could lead to more charge injection into the polymer than using a deposited metal electrode. The electrode is simplified to a layer of conductive semi-spheres with fixed size and constant electric potential. By using the finite element method, it is found that both the size of the semi-spheres and the distance between adjacent semi-spheres could dramatically influence the electric field near the surface of the spheres; these are considered to be the two decisive factors for the charge injecting rate at electrodes of various materials.     

用于测量熔合反应的静电偏转板介绍

An electrostatic deflector for separating the fusion evaporation residues from the beam-like products in heavy ion reactions was installed. The evaporation residue separation and identification with the electrostatic deflector setup was tested with the reaction ^32S＋^96Zr at several energies. The fusion evaporation residues and the beam-like particles were well separated after the electrical separation and the experimental fusion cross section obtained from the angular distribution is in good agreement with the calculated value well above the Coulomb barrier. This confirms the reliability of the setup.     

锅炉声波除灰的声学分析

声波除灰技术是提高锅炉换热效率、保证锅炉安全运行的重要手段之一,早在９０年代初就已经在国内外工业锅炉上推广应用,但是与之相关的多数基本问题目前还没有得到很好的解决,成为制约技术发展和应用的重要障碍［１］。本文采用Ｈｅｌｍｈｏｌｔｚ积分方程数值计算了锅炉换热器管排的声场散射问题,得到了管束表面及管排周围的声场分布特性,针对除灰要求进行了声学分析,对当前声波除灰技术的发展及应用均具有实际意义。