Effect of Nd-doping on the Thermal Stability and Pore-structure of Al2O3 Membranes

Unsupported Nd-doped Al2O3 membranes have been prepared with a sol-gel treatnt by using aiuminium isopropoxide and Nd(NO3)3 as the main raw materials. The properties of Nd-doped Al2O3 membranes were characterized by XRD, DTA-TG, IR and N2 adsorption. The effects of Nd-doping on the phase composition, thermal stability as well as applications of porestructure of Nd-doped Al2O3 membranes at high temperature were discussed. The results show that Nd-doping can raise the transition temperature rom γ-Al203 to α-Al2O3, enhance the thermal stability of Al2O3 membranes, and evidently improve the pore-structural parameters of Al2O3 membranes applied at higher temperatures.     

基于5-氨基乙酰丙酸的SD大鼠结肠组织荧光光谱多变量统计分析方法研究

探讨用多变量统计分析方法对激光诱导的SD大鼠结肠组织5-ALA-PpⅨ荧光光谱进行分类,以诊断结肠早癌。对20只DMH诱导的SD大鼠,12只诱导鼠的第二代鼠,8只正常SD大鼠,按25 mg·kg-1体重剂量尾静脉注射5-ALA,150 min后进行活体激光检测,钛宝石激光器激发波长370 nm。将343条3类组织谱线分为训练组和预测组,经预处理,再采用主成分分析法提取4个主成分变量。利用训练组建立逐步多变量Logistic回归模型,并对预测组预测。3类组织病理类型两两结合,共构建3个回归方程。正常组织与早癌及进展期癌识别的特异性分别为100%, 98.4%,敏感性分别为96%, 100%,准确率分别为98%, 99.2%。在光敏剂5-ALA的辅助作用下,对370 nm激光诱导的结肠组织荧光光谱,采用主成分变量压缩与逐步多变量Logistic回归分析方法相结合,可以获得较高的正常组织对早癌及进展期癌组织识别特异性和敏感性,是一种较有潜力的结肠早癌无损诊断方法。     

两相催化体系中双子表面活性剂对1-十二烯氢甲酰化反应的促进作用

报道了水溶性铑膦配合物组成的复合催化体系催化1-十二烯氢甲酰化反应中,双子表面活性剂[二溴化-(N,N,N′,N′-四甲基)-N,N′-二(十六烷基)-乙二铵]形成胶束的助催化作用.结果表明,在水/有机两相中,双子表面活性剂比单链表面活性剂CTAB具有更好加速催化反应的作用,并使烯烃氢甲酰化的区域选择性显著提高.这归因于双子表面活性剂有较低的cmc,可形成更加紧密规整的胶束结构,有利于增溶在胶束中的烯烃与铑催化剂配位和生成正构醛.     

La0.6Sr0.4Co1-yFeyO3钙钛矿复合氧化物的GNP法合成与导电性能

采用甘氨酸-硝酸盐(GNP)法合成出La_0.6Sr_0.4Co_1-yFe_yO₃(y=0～1.0)体系复合氧化物,对合成产物的结构、烧结性能和导电性进行了表征.研究结果表明,不同n(Co)/n(Fe)比的合成粉料中形成菱形六面体钙钛矿结构,合成粉料的颗粒细小均匀.在室温～900℃范围内,La_0.6Sr_0.4CoO₃(y=0)的电导率随温度的升高而单调降低,其它n(Co)/n(Fe)比的样品电导率随着温度升高到600℃附近时达到最大值.在低温段,La_0.6Sr_0.4Co_1-yFe_yO₃体系的导电行为符合小极化子导电机制,导电活化能随n(Co)/n(Fe)比的降低而增大.与常规固相合成法相比,甘氨酸-硝酸盐法制备的La_0.6Sr_0.4Co_1-yFe_yO₃具有更高的烧结活性和电导率.     

计算机辅助岩土工程(CAGE)概论

本文简要论述了计算机辅助岩土工程(CAGE)的提出、发展、方法及主要内容, 最后给出了计算机辅助核电工程勘察实例。     

Implementation of a many-qubit Grover search by cavity QED

We explore the possibility of an N-qubit (N>3) Grover search in cavity QED, based on a fast operation of an N-qubit controlled phase-flip with atoms in resonance with the cavity mode. We demonstrate both analytically and numerically that our scheme can be achieved efficiently to find a marked state with high fidelity and high success probability. As an example, a ten-qubit Grover search is simulated specifically under the discussion of experimental feasibility and challenge. We argue that our scheme is applicable to the case involving an arbitrary number of qubits. As cavity decay is involved in our quantum trajectory treatment, we can analytically understand the implementation of a Grover search subject to dissipation, which will be very helpful for relevant experiments.     

氟化氢铵消解-甲烷增敏-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定土壤中的碘

本文基于氟化氢铵(NH₄HF₂)半敞开式消解与甲烷基体改进气增敏-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)技术,建立了一种简单有效、高灵敏的土壤碘含量分析方法。在220℃的温度下,耗时3 h的半敞开式消解过程下,使用250 mg的NH₄HF₂即可获得50 mg土壤样品的彻底消解效果,且未观察到碘的挥发损失。使用甲烷作为基体改进气,将其与样品气溶胶在线混合后引入ICP,获得2.4倍的ICP-MS碘信号增敏效果。在最佳化的运行条件下,本方法碘的检出限为0.012μg/g, 19种国家土壤一级标准物质的测定值与标准值具有良好的一致性,结果表明,本方法能充分应用于批量土壤样品中的碘含量分析。     

New model of propagation rates of long crack due to structure fatigue

By comparison of the characteristics of existing models for long fatigue crack propagation rates, a new model, called the generalized passivation-lancet model for long fatigue crack propagation rates （GPLFCPR）, and a general formula for characterizing the process of crack growth rates are proposed based on the passivation-lancet theory. The GPLFCPR model overcomes disadvantages of the existing models and can describe the rules of the entire fatigue crack growth process from the cracking threshold to the critical fracturing point effectively with explicit physical meaning. It also reflects the influence of material characteristics, such as strength parameters, fracture parameters and heat treatment. Experimental results obtained by testing LZ50 steel, AlZnMgCu0.5, 0.5Cr0.5Mo0.25V steel, etc., show good consistency with the new model. The GPLFCPR model is valuable in theoretical research and practical applications.     

稀土对低温固体硼碳氮共渗作用的研究

采用Ｘ射线衍射仪,恒电位仪,摩擦磨损试验机等设备,研究了低温硼碳氮稀土（Ｂ－Ｃ－Ｎ－ＲＥ）共渗工艺及共渗层的组织性能,并与硼碳氮（Ｂ－Ｃ－Ｎ）共渗工艺及组织性能进行了比较。在适当范围内,稀土具有明显的催渗作用;与Ｂ－Ｃ－Ｎ共渗相比,Ｂ－Ｃ－Ｎ－ＲＥ共渗层的耐蚀性明显提高。对稀土元素的作用机制作了初步的探讨。     

煤焦部分气化、燃烧集成热重分析研究

在热天平上进行了煤焦部分气化、燃烧的实验研究。所得到的三种不同煤焦 (神木、彬县、西山 )在不同温度 ,不同气化碳转化率下的部分气化 ,燃烧失重曲线表明 :煤种、气化碳转化率对燃烧失重均有影响。气化碳转化率越高 ,所得到的焦燃烧速率越小。同时从实验中得到 :正确选择气化碳转化率在进行部分气化、燃烧集成优化中是非常重要的。