锆离子注入锆-4合金缺陷的慢正电子研究

采用慢正电子束多普勒展宽谱研究了Zr离子注入Zr-4合金产生的缺陷及其退火回复行为，发现经过大于离子注入剂量为1×10¹⁶cm^-2的样品所产生的缺陷在注入过程中已经回复，而对剂量为1×10¹⁵cm^-2样品做300℃退火处理，其缺陷基本回复，得出合金缺陷回复能较低的结论. 考虑到材料的缺陷含量越高，其抗腐蚀性能越差，在辐照环境下通过给材料保持一定温度，即可使其缺陷得到较好回复，从而提高材料的抗腐蚀性能.     

La2/3Ca1/3Mn1-xFexO3化合物铁掺杂效应的M(o)ssbauer谱研究

利用固相反应方法制备了名义成分为La2/3Ca1/3Mn1-xFexO3（0.01≤x≤0.20)的一系列样品。在整个掺杂范围内晶体结构没有明显变化。在室温下测量了各样品的Mossbauer谱,拟合结果表明＋3价高自旋态的铁离子占据锰的八面体晶体,随Fe掺杂量的增加,铁离子的3d电子出现局域化趋势,并伴随Fe-O配位体畸变程度的增强,本文对此进行了讨论。     

应用一个结论巧解不等式竞赛题

在求解不等式问题时，我们发现了下面的结论．     

Measurement of the spatial resolution and the relative density resolution in an industrial cone-beam micro computed tomography system

The spatial resolution and the relative density resolution are the two most critical indicators in CT system. The method recommended in the ASTM E1695-95 and GJB 5311-2004 is only suitable to the fan-beam CT system. In this paper, for industrial cone-beam micro CT system, we will adopt the edge response function (ERF) created by the step edges of a steel ball to measure the system 3D PSF and MTF. To describe the contrast discrimination function more accurately, we will first propose to extend the two-dimensional measurement region to the three-dimensional space. Our experimental spatial resolution is (55.56±0.56) lp/mm and the relative density resolution is 1% within 300 μm×300 μm×300 μm according to the 3σ rule.     

Geometric calibration for a SPECT system dedicated to breast imaging

Geometric calibration is critical to the accurate SPECT reconstruction. In this paper, a geometric calibration method was developed for a dedicated breast SPECT system with a tilted parallel beam (TPB) orbit. The acquisition geometry of the breast SPECT was firstly characterized. And then its projection model was established based on the acquisition geometry. Finally, the calibration results were obtained using a nonlinear optimization method that fitted the measured projections to the model. Monte Carlo data of the breast SPECT were used to verify the calibration method. Simulation results showed that the geometric parameters with reasonable accuracy could be obtained by the proposed method.     

Respiratory motion correction with an improved demons algorithm for PET images

Respiratory motion is a major factor that affects the quality of PET images of the thoracic area. The diaphragm moves about 15-20 mm due to respiratory motion, which substantially degrades the effective spatial resolution of PET. In this paper, a gated acquisition method is used to correct the motion effects. In this method, an improved demons algorithm is proposed to align the gated images. The experimental results show that the quality of PET images is significantly improved when using our improved method and the proposed method has a faster convergence rate than the original demons algorithm.     

Preliminary study of depth of interaction measurement for a PET detector

In this work we studied the feasibility of detecting the depth of interaction (DOI) with two layers of crystal arrays of LYSO and BGO scintillators coupled to a position-sensitive photomultiplier tube (PS-PMT) R8900-C12. A front-end electronics was designed, with which we got different pulse shapes for different crystals to obtain depth information. With the double integration method, we got the DOI histogram of a divided integration ratio of two crystals as the standard to determine the layer-of-interaction. The DOI accuracy, measured by scanning a ²²Na slit source along the side of the module, was 98% for the LYSO layer and 95% for the BGO layer. The energy resolution at 511keV was 13.1% for LYSO and 17.1% for BGO. We obtained good crystal separation in 2D position histograms of both layers. These results could be useful in the manufacture of PET scanners with high spatial resolutions.     

Evaluation of imaging protocol for ECT based on CS image reconstruction algorithm

Single-photon emission computerized tomography and positron emission tomography are essential med- ical imaging tools, for which the sampling angle number and scan time should be carefully chosen to give a good compromise between image quality and radiopharmaceutical dose. In this study, the image quality of different ac- quisition protocols was evaluated via varied angle number and count number per angle with Monte Carlo simulation data. It was shown that, when similar imaging counts were used, the factor of acquisition counts was more important than that of the sampling number in emission computerized tomography. To further reduce the activity requirement and the scan duration, an iterative image reconstruction algorithm for limited-view and low-dose tomography based on compressed sensing theory has been developed. The total variation regulation was added to the reconstruction process to improve the signal to noise Ratio and reduce artifacts caused by the limited angle sampling. Maximization of the maximum likelihood of the estimated image and the measured data and minimization of the total variation of the image are alternatively implemented. By using this advanced algorithm, the reconstruction process is able to achieve image quality matching or exceed that of normal scans with only half of the injection radiopharmaceutical dose.     

设计和制备能量转换和环境净化的高效异质结光催化剂

在过去的几十年中,光催化由于具有将太阳能转化为清洁氢化学能和降解各种污染物的广泛应用前景,因而引起了人们广泛关注.近期,很多研究表明,两个具有相匹配电子能级结构的半导体形成接触良好的异质结,可以有效地促进电荷转移和抑制光生电子(e–)和空穴(h+)的复合,从而显著提高光催化剂的活性和稳定性.本文主要讨论了异质结对半导体光催化剂的促进作用;分析了异质结对一些典型光催化剂如TiO2,ZnO和Ag基半导体等光催化性能的影响;讨论了异质结光催化剂的制备方法和对光催化过程影响的基本机理;最后,提出了设计和理解异质结促进光催化反应机理所面临的挑战.