Abnormal lattice contraction of plutonium hydrides studied by first-principles calculations

Pu can be loaded with H forming complicated continuous solid solutions and compounds, and causing remarkable electronic and structural changes. Full potential linearized augmented plane wave methods combining with Hubbard parameter U and the spin-orbit effects are employed to investigate the electronic and structural properties of stoichiometric and non-stoichiometric face-centered cubic Pu hydrides (PuH_x, x=2, 2.25, 2.5, 2.75, 3). The decreasing trend with increasing x of the calculated lattice parameters is in reasonable agreement with the experimental findings. A comparative analysis of the electronic-structure results for a series of PuH_x compositions reveals that the lattice contraction is resulted from the associated effects of the enhanced chemical bonding and the size effects involving the interstitial atoms. We find that the size effects are the driving force for the abnormal lattice contraction.     

Hybrid density functional study on lattice vibration,thermodynamic properties,and chemical bonding of plutonium monocarbide

Hybrid density functional theory is employed to systematically investigate the structural,magnetic,vibrational,thermodynamic properties of plutonium monocarbide(Pu C and Pu C_(0.75)).For comparison,the results obtained by DFT,DFT + U are also given.For Pu C and Pu C_(0.75),Fock-0.25 hybrid functional gives the best lattice constants and predicts the correct ground states of antiferromagnetic(AFM) structure.The calculated phonon spectra suggest that Pu C and Pu C_(0.75) are dynamically stable.Values of the Helmholtz free energy ?F,internal energy ?E,entropy S,and constant-volume specific heat C_v of Pu C and Pu C_(0.75) are given.The results are in good agreement with available experimental or theoretical data.As for the chemical bonding nature,the difference charge densities,the partial densities of states and the Bader charge analysis suggest that the Pu–C bonds of Pu C and Pu C_(0.75) have a mixture of covalent character and ionic character.The effect of carbon vacancy on the chemical bonding is also discussed in detail.We expect that our study can provide some useful reference for further experimental research on the phonon density of states,thermodynamic properties of the plutonium monocarbide.     

UO2声子密度的分子动力学模拟

对UO₂在300～3000 K的分子动力学模拟结果的讨论,计算得到了体系的晶格参数均方位移和UO₂中铀和氧的速度自相关函数得到的声子密度．在模拟计算中,采用了两种原子相互作用势,其中由Basak势计算优化的晶格参数与报道的实验数据符合的非常好;两种势函数得到的均方位移和Bredig态都比较好．最后,讨论了UO₂的声子密度,随着温度的逐渐升高,声子密度的强度是逐渐增大的,并且,振动曲线是随着温度的增加逐渐向低频部分平移并变得逐渐平稳;氧原子的     

孔径尺寸对干涉配合铆接件超高周疲劳性能的影响

合理的干涉配合铆接工艺可以有效提高构件疲劳性能,本文通过试验研究与数值模拟相结合分析孔径尺寸对干涉配合铆接件超高周疲劳性能的影响。利用20kHz超声疲劳试验系统测试了三种不同孔径尺寸下干涉配合铆接件的超高周疲劳性能;基于ABAQUS模拟分析了铆接工艺过程以及孔径尺寸对干涉量和孔边残余应力的影响,通过分析高频低幅加载下孔边应力分布,结合超高周疲劳试验及断口形貌观察,分析了孔径尺寸对铆接件超高周疲劳性能的影响。结果表明:不同孔径尺寸铆接件的裂纹萌生扩展方式类似,疲劳裂纹萌生均发生在孔边距表面1.5mm最大残余拉应力处;适当减小孔径尺寸所形成的合理干涉量可以提高铆接件疲劳寿命,φ4.10mm的孔径可以形成0.66%的孔边平均干涉量,铆接件疲劳寿命最高达到3.63×108周。     

UO2分子的多体项展式势能函数

采用Gaussian94W程序和相对论有效原子实理论模型优化出UO₂分子稳定构型为线性O—U—O(D_∞h),亚稳定构型为U—O—O(C_∞v),计算出平衡核间距和振动频率.然后根据微观可逆性原则,准确地判断了UO₂分子的离解极限.运用多体项展式理论方法,导出了基态UO₂分子的分析势能函数,绘出其势能面等值图,准确地展现了O—U—O(D_∞h)稳定结构和U—O—O(C_∞v     

Density functional study of uranyl （VI） amidoxime complexes

Uranyl (Ⅵ) amidoxime complexes are investigated using relativistic density functional theory. The equilibrium structures, bond orders, and Mulliken populations of the complexes have been systematically investigated under a generalized gradient approximation (GGA). Comparison of (acet) uranyl amidoxime complexes ([UO 2 (AO) n ] 2 n , 1≤ n ≤4) with available experimental data shows an excellent agreement. In addition, the U-O(1), U-O(3), C(1)-N(2), and C(3)-N(4) bond lengths of [UO 2 (CH 3 AO) 4 ] 2 are longer than experimental data by about 0.088, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.056 A. The angles of N(3)-O(3)-U, O(2)-N(1)-C(1), N(3)-C(3)-N(4), N(4)-C(3)-C(4), and C(4)-C(3)-N(3) are different from each other, which is due to existing interaction between oxygen in uranyl and hydrogen in amino group. This interaction is found to be intra-molecular hydrogen bond. Studies on the bond orders, Mulliken charges, and Mulliken populations demonstrate that uranyl oxo group functions as hydrogen-bond acceptors and H atoms in ligands act as hydrogen-bond donors forming hydrogen bonds within the complex.     

Li2分子X1∑+g,A1∑+u和B1Ⅱu态的势能函数

使用SAC/SAC-CI方法,利用D95、D95(d)、6-311g以及6-311g(d)等基组,对Li2分子的基态(X1∑+g)、第一激发态(A1∑+u)及第二激发态(B 1Ⅱu)的平衡结构和谐振频率进行了优化计算.通过对四个基组的计算结果的比较,得出了D95(d)基组为四个基组中的最优基组的结论;使用D95(d)基组,利用SAC的GSUM(Group Sum of Operators)方法对基态(X1∑+g)、SAC-CI的GSUM方法对激发态(A1∑+u和B1Ⅱu)进行单点能扫描计算,用正规方程组拟合Murrell-Sorbie函数,得到了相应电子态的完整势能函数;从得到的势能函数计算了与基态(X1∑+g)、第一激发态(A1∑+u)和第二激发态(B1Ⅱu)相对应的光谱常数(Be,αe,ωe和ωexe),结果与实验数据较为一致.其中,基态、第一激发态与实验数据吻合得非常好.     

PuH分子的X~8Σ~ 态的势能函数及热力学函数的从头计算

在考虑相对论有效原子实势(RECP)近似下,用QCISD方法计算了PuH分子基态X8Σ 的MurrellSorbie解析势能函数和热力学函数。Re,De,Be,αe,ωe,ωeχe的理论计算值,分别为2.28,1.2227eV,3.2334,0.07742,1146.2632,24.7514(cm-1)。还给出了PuH(g)在298.15-911K之间的生成热力学函数ΔH0,ΔS0,ΔG0和Cp的计算值     

Cr,Ca∶YAG的液相外延生长

报道了可饱和吸收体Cr4+∶YAG的液相外延生长 ,对双掺杂Cr ,Ca∶YAG外延层的吸收特性进行了分析。通过对Cr离子掺杂浓度以及外延层厚度的控制 ,λ =1.0 6 4μm的饱和与非饱和透过率差ΔT可以在 5 %～ 30 %的范围内进行调节 ,满足单片式被动调Q微晶片激光器对饱和吸收体的设计要求。分析结果同时表明外延Cr,Ca∶YAG层中还有Cr5+离子的存在