在不同温度下用激光测定流体的粘滞系数

在力学实验中,对流体的粘滞系数的测定方法有若干种,但在不同温度下,用激光测定流体的粘滞系数基本没有.我们根据斯托克斯定律设计的这种“流体粘滞系数测定仪“,不但能在教学上供学生做实验使用,而且还可供工业上对各种油类生产的检验;在化学上,对液态高分子物质进行粘滞性的研究;医学上,在许多病变中对尿和血液粘滞性的变化情况进行研究等科研部门使用.用这种方法得到的数据比较精确,误差也较小.一、基本原理 一个半径为r的光滑圆球在液体中下降时,它将受到一个与速度相反的摩擦力(即内摩擦力),力的大小为 F=6πμγυ(1)式中,μ即为液体…     

1.65μm附近CH4分子高分辨率吸收光谱研究

采用连续可调谐二极管半导体激光器为探测光源,以可调怀特型长光程多通池(46.36～1158.90m)作为吸收池,采用直接吸收的方法,探测了室温下1.65μm附近CH4分子的高分辨率吸收光谱。在6043.00～6053.72cm-1范围内探测了5组不同压力和光程下的吸收光谱,观测到了259条线新的CH4分子吸收谱线,实验数据用Gaussian线型进行拟合,得到了这些吸收谱线的线强、线位置以及线强的标准偏差值,并对光谱中难以分辨的吸收谱线进行了分析。探测得到的最小谱线线强是4.3×10-27cm-1·(molcule·cm-2)-1,吸收谱线线强大于3.0×10-24cm-1·(mol·cm-2)-1由于吸收饱和而未被处理,同时所测得的光谱也显示出CH4分子在1.65μm附近有非常丰富的弱吸收谱线和复杂的结构。文中所报道的吸收谱线都是HITRAN2004数据库中所未报道的,而且也未见有其他文献报道过。     

二维混合区域的中子碰撞概率的计算

本文对由长方形或三角形栅元组成的反应堆栅格,从碰撞概率定义出发,建立了二维多体系统的中子首次碰撞概率计算的公式,并将计算结果与蒙特卡洛方法的计算结果进行了比较。     

改变激发环境调控Ho3+离子的上转换发光特性

稀土掺杂上转换发光材料的发光特性不仅依赖于基质材料本身,而且与其激发条件密切相关.本文主要是以Ho^3+离子为研究对象,在NaYF4和LiYF4这两种不同的基质中,研究其在不同激发条件下的上转换发光特性.通过共聚焦显微光谱测试系统,对比Ho^3+离子在NaYF4和LiYF4微米晶体中的发光特性.实验结果发现:Ho^3+离子在这两种不同基质中均展现出较强的荧光发射.然而,当激发功率增加时,在单颗粒个LiYF4微米晶体中,当激发功率增加时,Ho^3+离子则发射出较强绿光及微弱的红光,红绿比变化并不明显,其蓝光发射强度也相对较弱.当激发这两种微米粉末晶体时,结果发现:Ho^3+离子均发射较强的绿光发射并伴有微弱红光发射,两种晶体中的发射特性极其相似.由此可见,在常规测试条件下,一些特殊发光现象是很难被观测到的.同时,通过对其光谱特性的分析,对Ho^3+离子的发光机理进行了研究.     

Tomographic analysis of the central magnetohydrodynamic oscillations on the HT-7 tokamak

Multi-channel soft x-ray (SX) detectors are applied to generate images of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) oscillation on the HT-7 tokamak, and the data from SX cameras are analysed by using the Fourier--Bessel harmonic reconstruction method and the singular value decomposition. The image reconstruction of SX emissivity is obtained on the assumption of plasma rigid rotation. One of the important phenomena in the HT-7 discharge is the transition from the sawtooth oscillations to the MHD oscillations when the plasma density grows higher. The MHD structure observed in the SX tomography is featured as follows: the magnetic surface of MHD structure is made up of the crescent-shaped ``hot core' and the circular ``cold bubble'. The structure of the magnetic surface is relatively stable. It rotates in the direction of the electron diamagnetic drift at a frequency being the oscillation frequency of the MHD oscillations.     

级联Sagnac环微波光子滤波器调谐特性的改进

提出一种方案,可改善Sagnac环微波光子滤波器的调谐特性。将高双折光子晶体光纤(HiBi-PCF)Sagnac环级联,对其臂长误差进行定量分析。利用Jones矩阵对级联后的两种Sagnac环进行理论分析,设定功率损耗阈值为8dB,分析级联后的Sagnac环臂长误差容限。通过改变臂长,可实现滤波器带宽连续可调;所得滤波器的旁瓣不到0.4,臂长误差容限可达到136nm,带宽调谐可达0.1nm至0.02nm之间。得到的透射谱更加精确,调谐简单、精确、应用灵活。     

利用船舶噪声的自相关与倒谱联合估计多径时延

对2007南海试验中多个航路船舶噪声的自相关和倒谱特征进行了分析研究,结果发现:近距离处倒谱图中的时延峰曲线消失、自相关相对倒谱有更高的时延峰检测信干比。类似现象此前未见报道,说明在一定条件下采用单一自相关法或倒谱法均难于连续检测时延峰。为解决这一问题,首先应用射线声学理论结合数值仿真,解释了该试验现象的产生与“随距离减小,倒谱和自相关的时延峰绝对幅度分别减小和增大”的性质有关,进而提出了一种利用船舶噪声的自相关和倒谱联合估计多径时延的方法。海试数据处理结果表明:本文方法能够稳健地跟踪多径时延峰,有效地弥补传统单一自相关法和倒谱法的不足,对解决多径时延的连续估计问题有明显效果。     

Spectral decomposition at a complex laser polarization configuration

We study the role of laser polarization in the diamagnetic spectrum for the transition from the ground state to the highly excited Rydberg states through a single photon absorption. For simplicity, one usually polarizes the irradiation laser to the selected main quantum axis, which is along the applied external electric or magnetic field. The transition selection rule is simply expressed as m = 0, which corresponds to the π transition. When the polarization is circularly polarized around the main axis, the σ+ or σ- transition occurs, corresponding to the selection rule of m = 1 or m = 1, respectively. A slightly more complex case is that the laser is linearly polarized perpendicular to the main axis. The numerical calculation shows that we can decompose the transition into the sum of σ+ and σ- transitions, it is noted as the σ transition. For the more complex case in which the laser is linearly polarized with an arbitrary angle with respect to the main axis, we have to decompose the polarization into one along the main axis and the other one perpendicular to the main axis. They correspond to π and σ transitions, respectively. We demonstrate that these transitions in the diamagnetic spectrum and the above spectral decomposition well explain the experimentally observed spectra.     

等离子体-吸附SO2转化机理研究

本文对SO2在等离子体和分子筛吸附联合作用下的转化现象进行了研究,开展了实验、模型建立、机理研究和理论计算等工作。研究表明,二者共同作用下可有效的将SO2转化,等离子体在转化反应中起着决定性的作用,其主要反应为OH SO2→HOSO2。理论计算和实验数据基本吻合。     

Analysis of the Zeeman effect on D_α spectra on the EAST tokamak

Based on the passive spectroscopy,the D_α atomic emission spectra in the boundary region of the plasma have been measured by a high resolution optical spectroscopic multichannel analysis(OSMA) system in EAST tokamak.The Zeeman splitting of the D_α spectral lines has been observed.A fitting procedure by using a nonlinear least squares method was applied to fit and analyze all polarization π and ±σ components of the D_α atomic spectra to acquire the information of the local plasma.The spectral line shape was investigated according to emission spectra from different regions(e.g.,low-field side and high-field side) along the viewing chords.Each polarization component was fitted and classified into three energy categories(the cold,warm,and hot components) based on different atomic production processes,in consistent with the transition energy distribution by calculating the gradient of the D_α spectral profile.The emission position,magnetic field intensity,and flow velocity of a deuterium atom were also discussed in the context.