微乳液的热力学性质 Ⅰ.芳烃类的侧链链长对微乳液热力学函数影响

本文研究以非离子型表面活性剂-正辛醇-水-芳烃类所组成的微乳液,探讨醇从油相转移到界面相时的自由能变化,以及温度对自由能的影响。计算出熵和焓的变化,发现在实验范围内,上述热力学函数的对数值与芳烃侧链的碳原子数(n)呈线性关系: ln(-⊿G_(30°O)~0,s→i)=-8.67+0.118n ln⊿H_(s→i)=12.0-0.604n ln⊿S_(s→i)~0=6.32-0.55n 这些关系式对微乳液的构成和稳定性的讨论是重要的,还对几种芳烃异构体所构成的微乳液的热力学函数进行了实验和讨论。     

4,4′-二羟基联苯的合成

4,4′-二羟基联苯是染料的稳定剂和高聚物中间体,也是制备烷氧基取代的联苯液晶的重要前体。4,4′-联苯二磺酸钠盐的碱熔,在催化剂存在下4,4′-二卤代联苯(X=Cl,Br)的水解,以及烷基取代的4,4′-二羟基联苯的去烷基化等已有的制备方法均需较高的温度、特殊催化剂及设备。通过卤代芳烃催化配合的制备方法,成本较高。用联苯胺盐酸盐重氮化后再水解的制备方法,则认为重氮化时盐酸中不可含有硫酸,因为联苯胺硫酸盐不易溶解。     

稀土中间合金中稀土、镁的测定

在测定球墨铸铁和中间合金中镁时,应用DDTC萃取分离多种杂质,可避免使用剧毒药品氰化钾并缩短操作周期。我们应用该分离法于稀土中间合金中稀土、镁的测定,也即于pH8—9的介质中用DDTC萃取分离杂质,同时使AL、Re、Ta、Ti等成氢氧化物而除去,然后就可用EDTA络合滴定法测定镁和钙。稀土可用偶氮胂Ⅲ比色法直接测定。方法较快速,5小时内可以完成4个样品的分析。分析方法:称样0.2克于200毫升烧杯中加     

泛论心理学的性质问题

一年来心理学通过多方面的反复讨论,在理论上的收获是巨大的。正如最近出版的两期心理学报(1959年1、2期)所反映的,许多基本论点都比较接近了,而且在求同的过程中,不同的见解得到了相互的尊重,充分体现了党对学术争论的‘百花齐放、百家争鸣’的政策。这是极可喜的现象。这次讨论是在党加强了对科学的领导,全国心理学界普遍的积极的投入了这一次运动而取得的成绩。对着这种盛况,我亦不安于向隅守阙、缄口藏拙,借此机会,提出一些个人的看法,请大家批评、指正。     

The two-dimensional alternative binary L-J system: liquid——gas phase diagram

A two-dimensional (2D) binary system without considering the　Lennard-Jones (L-J) potential has been studied by using the　Collins model. In this paper, we introduce the L-J potential　into the 2D binary system and consider the existence of the　holes that are called the ``molecular fraction". The liquid--gas　phase diagram of the 2D alternative binary L-J system is obtained. The　results are quite analogous to the behaviour of 3D substances.     

High-order plasmon resonances in an Ag/Al2O3 core/shell nanorice

Using numerical simulation, we investigate the high-order plasmon resonances in individual nanostructures of an Ag nanorice core surrounded by an Al2O3 shell. The peak positions of localized surface plasmon resonances （LSPRs） are red-shifted exponentially with the increase of the dielectric shell thickness. This is due to the exponential decay of electromagnetic field intensity in the direction perpendicular to the interface. This exponential red-shift depends on the wavelength of the resonance peak instead of the resonance order. In addition, we find that the LSPRs in an Ag nanorice of 60-nm width can be perfectly described by a single linear function. These features make nanorice an ideal platform for sensing applications.     

次氯酸钠对硫化橡胶粉表面的氧化改性研究

本文采用次氯酸钠对硫化橡胶粉进行表面氧化改性研究,通过X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、扫描电镜(SEM)、接触角测量对样品进行了表征和分析,并对其最佳工艺条件进行了探究。通过实验表明,氧化剂用量、反应温度及反应时间对胶粉的氧化反应都有影响。其最佳工艺条件的氧化剂用量为40%,反应温度为40℃左右,反应时间为3小时。     

Magnetic and electric properties of transition-metal doped wurtzite CdSe from first-principles calculation

s The geometrical structures of Cd0.75TM0.25Se （TM = Ti, V, Cr and Mn） are optimized, and then their electric and magnetic properties are investigated by performing first-principles calculations within the generalized gradient approximation for the exchange-correlation function based on density functional theory. Cd0.75TM0.25Se （TM =Ti and V） are found to have high spin-polarization near 100% at the Fermi level. Cd0.75TM0.25Se （TM = Cr and Mn） are half-metallic ferromagnets whose spin-polarization at the Fermi level is absolutely ＋100%. The supercell magnetic moments of Cd0.75Cr0.25Se and Cdo.75Mno.25Se are 4.00 and 5.00 μB, which arise mainly from Cr-ions and Mnions, respectively. The half-metallicity of Cdo.75Cro.25Se is more stable than that of Cd0.75Mn0.25Se. The electronic structures of Cr-ions and Mn-ions are Cr eg2↑t22g↑ and Mn e2 3 ↑t23g↑, respectively.     

服务管理差距与服务质量差距之间关系模型的研究

在服务质量差距分析模型的基础上,基于服务管理差距和服务质量差距测评体系,运用结构方程建模方法,建立了企业内部服务管理差距与顾客感知服务质量差距之间的关系路径图和关系模型,定量研究了四个服务管理差距对服务质量差距的影响关系、服务管理差距测评指标对相应的四个服务管理差距的影响关系,为顾客感知服务质量差距的测量和评价提供了技术和方法.结合某外语培训学校服务管理实际进行了案例研究,为企业服务质量的诊断和改进提供了科学依据.     

Highly Emcient Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Using a Composite ElectrolyteConsisting of LiI（CH3OH）4-I2, SiO2 Nano-Particles and an Ionic Liquid

Solid-state electrolyte LiI(CH3OH)4-I2 is used in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The DSSCs using only the LiI(CH3OH)4-I2 electrolyte show very poor performance due to the quick crystal growth of LiI(CH3OH)4. In order to improve the performance of DSSCs, we prepare a composite electrolyte by adding Si02 nano-particles and an ionic liquid, 1-methyl-3-ethylimidazolium iodide, into the original solid-state electrolyte. High efficiency of 4.3% is achieved by applying this composite electrolyte to DSSCs.