串联系统多参数广义不确定度传递模式与多反馈控制

将多参数广义不确定度的概念引入串联系统参数不确定度的传递问题中,建立了串联系统多参数广义不确定度传递模型,该模型不仅揭示了参数不确定度在传递过程中的变化情况,传递细节表明传递矩阵元素对最后的传递结果有重要影响.文中阐述了传递矩阵的特征以及各个子系统在串联系统中的主次作用.针对串联系统建立了多参数广义不确定度多反馈控制模型,提出了针对单个系统、两个子系统、多个子系统多个层次的反馈控制模型.模型的提出从理论上说明了当对子系统传递矩阵进行修正时,输出参数不确定度的变化及其上界的面积范数,为工程实际提供了一个良好的理论模型支撑.     

固相微萃取-气相色谱质谱法联用测定水体中痕量多环麝香类化合物

采用固相微萃取-气相色谱质谱法联用测定了水体中痕量多环麝香类化合物。对固相微萃取条件和解析条件进行了优化,确定了微萃取条件为:选用65μmPDMS-DVB萃取头、顶空萃取模式(HS),在800 r/min,60℃条件下,萃取45 min;萃取过程中保持pH 7并且不加入NaCl;解析条件为:解析时间为3 min,插入GC深度为4 cm,进样口温度为250℃。方法的检测限为0.29～0.37 ng/L,线性范围5～1000ng/L,相对标准偏差1.5%～2.2%。对实际污水厂不同类型的水样使用优化后的实验条件进行了验证试验,目标化合物的回收率在82.5%～92.8%之间,表明优化后的试验条件适用于实际水体中痕量多环麝香类化合物的分析测定。     

Eu3+扩散钨酸铅晶体(PbWO4)光学性能研究

利用离子扩散法对下降法生长PbWO4晶体进行Eu3+扩散,通过透射光谱、荧光光谱、光产额和衰减时间的测试,研究了Eu3+扩散对PbWO4晶体的光学性能的影响.结果表明:Eu3+扩散PbWO4晶体可明显改善在350 nm波段的透过率,荧光光谱主峰为430 nm,且发光强度得到增强,在1000 ns的积分时间门宽内光产额为46 pe/MeV,衰减时间为6.5 ns.     

Predictions of pressure-induced structural transition,mechanical and thermodynamic properties of α-and β-Si₃N₄ ceramics:ab initio and quasi-harmonic Debye modeling

The plane-wave pseudo-potential method within the framework of ab initio technique is used to investigate the structural and elastic properties of α-and β-Si3N4.The ground-state parameters accord quite well with the experimental data.Our calculation reveals that α-Si3N4 can retain its stability to at least 40 GPa when compressed at 300 K.The α→β phase transformation would not occur in a pressure range of 0-40 GPa and a temperature range of 0-300 K.Actually,the α→β transition occurs at 1600 K and 7.98 GPa.For α-and β-Si3N4,the c axes are slightly more incompressible than the a axes.We conclude that β-Si3N4 is a hard material and ductile in nature.On the other hand,β-Si3N4 is also found to be an ionic material and can retain its mechanical stability in a pressure range of 0-10 GPa.Besides,the thermodynamic properties such as entropy,heat capacity,and Debye temperature of α-and β-Si3N4 are determined at various temperatures and pressures.Significant features in these properties are observed at high temperature.The calculated results are in good agreement with available experimental data and previous theoretical values.Many fundamental solid-state properties are reported at high pressure and high temperature.Therefore,our results may provide useful information for theoretical and experimental investigations of the Si3N4 polymorphs.     

Improved atom number with a dual color magneto-optical trap

We demonstrate a novel dual color magneto–optical trap (MOT), which uses two sets of overlapping laser beams to cool and trap 87 Rb atoms. The volume of cold cloud in the dual color MOT is strongly dependent on the frequency difference of the laser beams and can be significantly larger than that in the normal MOT with single frequency MOT beams. Our experiment shows that the dual color MOT has the same loading rate as the normal MOT, but much longer loading time, leading to threefold increase in the number of trapped atoms. This indicates that the larger number is caused by reduced light induced loss. The dual color MOT is very useful in experiments where both high vacuum level and large atom number are required, such as single chamber quantum memory and Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC) experiments. Compared to the popular dark spontaneous-force optical trap (dark SPOT) technique, our approach is technically simpler and more suitable to low power laser systems.     

Loeb空间中的Radon-Nikodym导数

设υ及μ为定义在可测空间（Ｘ，Ｓ）上的有限测度．本文首先证明了若υ《μ（即υ关于μ绝对连续），则有Ｌ（^*Ｓ，^*μ）(?)Ｌ（＊Ｓ，υ）．进而证明了υ《μ当且仅当Ｌ（^*υ）《Ｌ（^*μ）并且ｄ（Ｌ（^*υ））／ｄ（Ｌ（^*μ））＝^０（^*（ｄυ／ｄμ））即Ｌｏｅｂ空间中的Ｒａｄｏｎ－Ｎｉｋｏｄｙｍ定理．本文按一种自然的方式定义了σ－有限测度空     

Investigations of high-pressure and high-temperature behaviors of the newly-discovered willemite-Ⅱ and post-phenacite silicon nitrides

Using the first-principles method of the plane-wave pseudo-potential, the structural properties of the newly-discovered willemite-Ⅱ Si3N4 （wⅡ phase） and post-phenacite Si3N4 （δ phase） are investigated. The α phase is predicted to undergo a first-order α→wⅡ phase transition at 18.6 GPa and 300 K. Within the quasi-harmonic approximation （QHA）, the α→wⅡ phase boundary is also obtained. When the well-known β→γ transition is suppressed by some kinetic reasons, the β→δ phase transformation could be observed in the phase diagram. Besides, the temperature dependences of the cell volume,thermal expansion coefficient, bulk modulus, specific heat, entropy and Debye temperature of the involved phases are determined from the non-equilibrium free energies. The thermal expansion coefficients of wⅡ-Si3N4 show no negative values in a pressure range of 0-30 GPa, which implies that the wⅡ-Si3N4 is mechanically stable. More importantly, the δ-Si3N4 is found to be a negative thermal expansion material. Further experimental investigations may be required to determine the physical properties of wⅡ- and δ-Si3N4 with higher reliability.     

人脂肪干细胞复合珊瑚支架在三维培养下成骨活性的初步研究

目的探讨人脂肪干细胞（ADSCs）作为种子细胞复合珊瑚支架材料在体外三维培养下的成骨活性。方法取行脂肪抽吸术患者的脂肪组织,I型胶原酶消化进行培养,贴壁细胞传代,取第2代细胞进行诱导,培养基中添加成骨诱导剂地塞米松、β-甘油磷酸钠、抗坏血酸和维生素D3。成骨诱导后复合珊瑚继续培养,以未诱导的ADSCs复合物为对照,进行生长曲线、DIO染色后的共聚焦荧光显微镜、碱性磷酸酶（AKP）和骨钙蛋白（OCN）生物化学定量检测。结果7～8d后ADSCs在材料上生长进入平台期,诱导ADSCs复合珊瑚7d后生长良好。诱导ADSCsAKP表达随着时间的推移不断增强,而且在检测的各个时间点,诱导ADSCsAKP表达水平均明显高于未诱导ADSCs（均P〈0．05）。诱导ADSCs在珊瑚支架上第7天后检测到OCN表达,并一直增高,且从第7天开始OCN表达均明显高于未诱导ADSCs（均P〈0.05）。结论脂肪干细胞复合珊瑚支架在三维培养下能够向成骨细胞表型分化。     

双层反铁磁体K3Cu2F7 中轨道序驱动的自旋二聚化

基于自旋-轨道-晶格Hamilton量,应用团簇自洽场方法,研究了双层钙钛矿结构材料K₃Cu₂F₇基态的晶格、磁及轨道结构,发现近孤立的双层的对称破缺和Jahn-Teller晶格畸变使得Cu²⁺离子在每层内交替占据 z²-x²〉/ z²-y²〉轨道,进而导致双层的层间表现为强的反铁磁耦合,层内为弱的铁磁耦合.强反铁磁耦合导致层间     

基于雪崩管Marx电路的高稳定度脉冲技术

采用Marx电路提高雪崩管脉冲源输出脉冲幅度,分析基于雪崩管Marx电路脉冲源的时基稳定度和波形稳定度的影响因素。采用适当的优化措施提高稳定度指标,设计了高稳定度的雪崩管脉冲源,脉冲峰值电压2 000 V(50Ω负载),脉冲全底宽度5 ns,上升时间400 ps,重复频率达到25 kHz,具有很高的稳定度指标:短时抖动小于30 ps,长时漂移小于100 ps/min,峰值电压和脉冲宽度抖动小于1%。