相转移催化合成2-苯基喹啉衍生物

以喹啉(1)和取代苯肼(2a~2d)为原料,K₂S₂O₈为引发剂,TBAB为相转移催化剂,乙腈为溶剂,经自由基反应合成了4个2-苯基喹啉化合物（3a~3d, 3d为新化合物）,其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和HR-ESI-MS表征。以3a的合成为模板反应,研究了引发剂,溶剂和反应温度对3收率的影响。结果表明：在最佳反应条件(1 1.0 mmol, 2 1.2 eq., K₂S₂O₈ 2.0 eq., TBAB 0.2 eq.,于室温反应4 h)下,3a~3d收率54%~72%。     

Luminescence with Local Distribution and Its Possible Mechanism in Zinc Oxide Micro-Crystallites

The spatial luminescence distribution hi the ZnO micro-crystallite fihns deposited on silicon substrates by CVD at room tempezature is investigated by the cathedolumineseence （CL） image. It has been observed that the CL image of the samples constitutes a certain pattern. The UV emission pattern projective to the （0001） face of ZnO grains consists of a series of lines nearby the grain boundaries . The included angles between any two adjacent lines are almost 120°. What is more, some luminescent lines form a close hexagon similar to ZnO crystalline structure. Such a local distribution propety shows that the UV emission on as-grown ZnO crystallite should be due to some local defects congregated to {1010} facets of ZnO grain rather than free exciton recombination.     

Noninvasive temperature estimation by detecting echo-strain change including thermal expansion

This article studies the feasibility of noninvasive temperature estimation by detecting echo-strain including thermal expansion in therapeutic ultrasound treatment. This technique evaluates distributions of echo-strain and temperature inside the tissue by detecting echo signals pre- and post-heating, in combination with the temperature dependence of sound speed and thermal expansion. In the computer simulation and experimental study, echo signals pre- and post-heating are acquired and then the temperature elevation is evaluated by correlation analysis. Results demonstrate that this technique can effectively extend the measured temperature range up to 75$^{\circ}$C with an accuracy of $\pm $2$\,^{\circ}$C.     

黑龙江GDP预测的数学模型及其影响因素分析

运用灰色系统理论中的GM(1,1)预测模型,以黑龙江省近七年来的GDP数据为例,对其未来几年的GDP状况进行了科学预测,并对影响GDP发展的主要因素进行了系统分析,确定了各因素相对于GDP发展的关联程度,为相应的决策部门提供科学依据.     

音频声速测量仪的研制

设计制作了音频声速测量仪,传输信号是可以连续调节频率的音频信号,发声喇叭和拾音喇叭分别安装在圆管的两端,距离保持不变,拾音喇叭的信号经放大后连接到数字电压表,把发声喇叭的激励信号和拾音喇叭的输出信号都接到示波器上.通过连续改变喇叭的发声频率,利用共振干涉法和相位比较法测量声速.     

含二氮杂萘酮联苯结构耐高温、可溶解嵌段聚芳醚酮的合成

从分子设计的角度出发,设计、合成了3种不同嵌段长度的耐高温、可溶解的嵌段共聚物PPENK-b-PEEKK,成功地将含二氮杂萘酮联苯结构聚芳醚酮PPENK链段与结构规整PEEKK链段进行结合.首先采用溶液聚合方法合成了羟基封端聚醚醚酮酮(PEEKK-OH)低聚物,并通过正交实验对聚合工艺进行了优化,获得了最优的合成条件.然后,采用一锅分步加料的方法,合成了PPENK-b-PEEKK嵌段共聚物.红外测试结果表明了共聚物的成功合成,广角X射线衍射(WXRD)测试结果表明3种共聚物均存在结晶结构.示差扫描量热仪(DSC)测试结果显示3种共聚物均只有一个玻璃化转变温度(Tg)(较PEEKK的Tg有较大的提升),且存在熔点,具有潜在的热成型加工性能.热重分析仪(TGA)测试结果表明,3种共聚物的Td5%、Td10%分别为491~510、523~530°C,800°C残炭为63%~65%,共聚物具有优异的热稳定性.溶解性测试结果显示,共聚物常温即可溶解在N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)中,加热可以促进其溶解,可作为基体树脂用于制备纤维增强复合材料.     

单针电极放电的发光特性

采用单针电极放电装置在氩气中产生了稳定的均匀等离子体。利用光学方法对单针放电特性进行了研究,结果表明单针放电等离子体的长度随外加电压峰值、气压的增大而增大,随空气含量的增大而减小。利用光电倍增管对单针电极放电等离子体羽的发光信号进行了空间分辨测量,发现靠近单针电极的羽头和等离子体羽其余部分放电行为不同。其中羽头源于针尖附近的电晕放电,它仅在外加电压负半周期的发光较强,正半周期发光几乎探测不到。而等离子体羽其余部分的放电在外加电压正、负半周期均存在,且正半周期强于负半周期。研究表明,外加电压正半周期的等离子体羽是源于发光光层(等离子体子弹)的传播,而负半周期等离子体羽的不同位置几乎同时放电。     

Research and application of regular phenomenon between periodic signals

The phase change between periodic signals is regular. Research on the regular phenomenon between periodic signals is helpful to improve the precision of some measurements and develop some new measurement methods. So it is necessary to analyze the characteristics of the greatest common factor frequency and the least common multiple period universally existing in periodic signals. The regulation of the quantitative phase shift resolution between periodic signals is presented.The cause of difference in phase characteristics between periodic signals is explained well. In this paper we propose different application prospects based on the regular phenomenon between periodic signals, with focusing on the methods for high precision frequency measurement and transient stability measurement. The experimental results are satisfactory.     

微观形貌可控TiO2的制备及其光解水产氢性能

通过简单的沉淀、水热、溶剂热和溶胶凝胶法分别制备出实心球（s-TiO₂）、空心球（h-TiO₂）、纳米管（a-TNT）和介孔形状（m-TiO₂）的锐钛矿晶型结构TiO₂光催化材料。采用HRTEM、FESEM、XRD、UV-Vis、N₂吸-脱附和光解水制氢反应等对催化材料的微观表面结构、光吸收性能以及不同形貌光催化剂的光解水制氢的性能对比研究。结果表明：s-TiO₂具有最高的光催化活性,主要归功于s-TiO₂独特的微观形貌结构所致,s-TiO₂是由亚微晶颗粒组成的介孔状实心球,亚微晶粒径相比较其它形貌的材料要小,有利于光生载流子的迁移,抑制电子-空穴对的体相复合,导致活性提高。同时,晶化过程用于传质通道的无序微孔可以束缚用作牺牲剂的CH₃OH分子,使得空穴快速被牺牲剂消耗,减少与电子复合。     

化学衍生显色法间接测定乙酰水杨酸的含量

建立了以氯化铁测定阿司匹林中乙酰水杨酸的分光光度法。在盐酸溶液中,乙酰水杨酸的降解产物水杨酸能与氯化铁反应生成紫红色络合物,其最大吸收波长为526 nm,络合比为1:1。根据反应生成物的吸光度,可以间接测定乙酰水杨酸的含量。水杨酸的浓度在1.6~104.0 mg/L范围内与体系的吸光度呈良好的线性关系,线性回归方程A=0.01896+0.00952ρ(mg/L),相关系数r=0.9991,检出限为0.28 mg/L,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.24%,表观摩尔吸光系数ε=1.78×103L·mol-1·cm-1。此法可用于药物制剂阿司匹林中乙酰水杨酸含量的测定。