求解准确的表面张力—重力波方程的新方法

本文提供一个求解重力和表面张力同时作用的周期前进二维非线性波的新方法.自由表面在计算域转入单位圆后用有限项Fourier级数表示.动力学边界条件用的是完整的非线性形式.Fourier级数的系数用Newton-Raphson方法迭代求解.这是一个精巧的方法.所用计算工作量小而结果精度高.     

基于BESO算法的涡轮盘拓扑优化

涡轮盘作为航空发动机的核心部件之一,其轻量化设计对航空发动机效率提升至关重要。基于双向渐进结构优化算法（bidirectional evolutionary structural optimization, BESO）拓扑优化模型,使用灵敏度过滤的方法抑制棋盘格现象,用ANSYS的参数化设计语言（ANSYS parametric design language, APDL）编写拓扑优化程序,对离心载荷作用下的涡轮盘进行结构优化,并通过施加叶片等效载荷的方式,考虑叶片对于优化结果的影响。结果表明,使用编写的算法进行拓扑优化迭代步数减少,显著提升优化效率,在减重26%的条件下,拓扑出的新的结构模型结构总应变能降低48%,结构刚度提升,最大等效应力降低25%且应变能和应力分布更均匀合理。

     

中心外的同阶元必共轭的有限群

证明了在有限群G中, 若中心外的任何两个同阶的元素均共轭, 则G为交换群或者G≌S₃.     

La2-x-yMgTiO6:xDy3+,yEu3+白色荧光粉的 荧光性能及能量传递

采用高温固相法合成了La_(2-x)MgTiO_6∶xDy~(3+)和La_(2-x-y)MgTiO_6∶xDy~(3+),yEu~(3+)系列荧光粉,通过X射线衍射对其相结构进行了表征,优化了荧光粉的组成,研究了Dy~(3+)和Eu~(3+)浓度对发光强度的影响,测试了荧光粉的荧光光谱和寿命,研究了Dy~(3+)和Eu~(3+)之间的能量传递机理和能量传递效率。结果表明:所有合成的掺杂荧光粉均为单相物质;La_(2-x)MgTiO_6∶xDy~(3+)最佳掺杂浓度为x=0.05;在350 nm近紫外光激发下,La_(2-x-y)MgTiO_6∶xDy~(3+),yEu~(3+)显示出Dy~(3+)的特征黄、蓝光发射和Eu~(3+)的特征红光发射;Dy~(3+)的荧光寿命呈双指数衰减,随着Eu~(3+)浓度的增大,Dy~(3+)的荧光寿命逐渐减小,证明了Dy~(3+)和Eu~(3+)离子之间存在着能量传递;能量传递效率随着Eu~(3+)掺杂浓度的增加而增加,La_(1.83)MgTiO_6∶0.05Dy~(3+),0.12Eu~(3+)荧光粉的能量传递效率为53.9%;改变调节Eu~(3+)的掺杂浓度可以得到从冷白色到暖白色的荧光粉,La_(1.83)MgTiO_6∶0.05Dy~(3+),0.12Eu~(3+)的色坐标为(0.337 3,0.354 4)。     

Direct Microwave Synthesis of 11-Type Fe(Te,Se) Polycrystalline Superconductors with Enhanced Critical Current Density

We report a direct microwave synthesis method for the preparation of 11-type high quality Fe(Te,Se) polycrystalline superconductors. The bulk samples are rapidly synthesized under the microwave irradiation during several minutes, with a subsequent annealing process at 400℃. The samples exhibit a nearly single phase of the tetragonal PbO-type crystal structure with minor impurities. Morphology characterization shows high density, tight grain connectivity and large grain sizes around 100 μm with small cavities inside the sample. Resistivity and magnetization measurements both show similar superconducting transitions above 14 K. The magnetic hysteresis measurements display broad and symmetric loops without magnetic background, and a high critical current density J_c about 1.2 × 10~4 A/cm~2 at 2 K and 7 T is estimated by the Bean model. Compared with the solidstate reaction synthesized samples, these superconducting bulks from microwave-assisted synthesis are possibly free of the interstitial Fe due to smaller c-axis, higher T_c in magnetic transitions, better M–H loops without magnetic background and greatly enhanced J_c, and are promising as raw materials for the non-toxic Fe-based superconducting wires for large currents and high field applications.     

Test particle simulations of resonant interactions between energetic electrons and discrete,multi-frequency artificial whistler waves in the plasmasphere

Modulated high frequency(HF) heating of the ionosphere provides a feasible means of artificially generating extremely low frequency(ELF)/very low frequency(VLF) whistler waves, which can leak into the inner magnetosphere and contribute to resonant interactions with high energy electrons. Combining the ray tracing method and test particle simulations, we evaluate the effects of energetic electron resonant scattering driven by the discrete, multi-frequency artificially generated ELF/VLF waves. The simulation results indicate a stochastic behavior of electrons and a linear profile of pitch angle and kinetic energy variations averaged over all test electrons. These features are similar to those associated with single-frequency waves. The computed local diffusion coefficients show that, although the momentum diffusion of relativistic electrons due to artificial ELF/VLF whistlers with a nominal amplitude of ～ 1 pT is minor, the pitch angle scattering can be notably efficient at low pitch angles near the loss cone, which supports the feasibility of artificial triggering of multi-frequency ELF/VLF whistler waves for the removal of high energy electrons from the magnetosphere. We also investigate the dependences of diffusion coefficients on the frequency interval(△f) of the discrete, multi-frequency waves.We find that there is a threshold value of △f for which the net diffusion coefficient of multi-frequency whistlers is inversely proportional to △f(proportional to the frequency components Nw) when △f is below the threshold value but it remains unchanged with increasing △f when △f is larger than the threshold value. This is explained as being due to the fact that the resonant scattering effect of broadband waves is the sum of the effects of each frequency in the ‘effective frequency band’. Our results suggest that the modulation frequency of HF heating of the ionosphere can be appropriately selected with reasonable frequency intervals so that better performance of controlled precipitation of high energy electrons in the plasmasphere by artificial ELF/VLF whistler waves can be achieved.     

基于微机电系统红外光源的长光程气体检测

针对红外气体传感器对光源的要求,选用了一种宽波长、高调制频率、低功耗的小体积微机电系统(micro-electro-mechanic system, MEMS)红外光源作为辐射源,其各项性能均能很好的满足红外传感系统对于光源的要求。由于其面光源的朗伯辐射特性,整形之后的红外光数值孔径仍然很大,采用传统的长光程气室结构很难实现长光程从而提高系统的检测灵敏度。本文结合双波长单光路的差分检测方法,设计了一种基于积分球特性的吸收气室,有效地解决了MEMS红外光源在高灵敏度气体检测应用中难于实现长光程的问题;并运用光在传输过程中光通量守恒的原理,推导了此积分球吸收气室的等效光程,解决了积分球气室等效光程计算的难题;同时采用FPGA主控芯片对MEMS红外光源进行高频调制并处理探测器的输出信号,使得外围电路的设计更加简单、灵活。设计中,使用直径为5 cm的积分球吸收气室便可实现166.7 cm的等效光程,研究结果显示系统可测得的最小甲烷浓度达0.001×10-6,极大地提高了红外检测系统的灵敏度。     

NiSb纳米颗粒的热液路线制备及电催化析氢性能研究（英文）

本文发展了一种简单经济的过渡金属锑化物热液合成路线,在160℃的温和条件下,由商业易得的乙酰丙酮基镍和三苯基铋在汕胺介质中还原制备出NiSb纳米颗粒.反应中,还原剂甲硼烷-叔丁基胺络合物的使用能够有效促进金属源的快速还原,用以促进NiSb纳米颗粒的生成.结构表征显示,所制备的NiSb产物为六方相(空间群P6_3/mmc)颗粒状纳米晶,共粒径约为10 nm.该合成方法可拓展用于CoSb和Ag_3Sb等纳米颗粒的温和制备.电催化析氢性能研究显示,NiSb纳米颗粒具有良好的电化学析氢反应性能.结果显示,当阴极电流密度达到50 mA/cm~2和10 m A/cm~2时所需要的过电位分别为531和437 mV.同时,NiSb纳米颗粒还具有较小的电荷转移阻抗和优良的循环稳定性能.