Six—Parameter Exponential—Type Potential and the Identity for the Exponential—Type Potentials

We propose a six-parameter exponential-type potential (SPEP),which has been shown to be a shapeinvariant potential with a translation of parameters.For this reducible potential,the exact energy levels are obtained by using the supersymmetric shape invariance technique.Choosing appropriate parameters,four classes of exponential-type potentials and their exact energy spectra are reduced from the SPEP and a general energy level formula,respectively.Each class shows the identity except for the different definitions of parameters.     

Long—Range Effects on the Pyroelectric Coefficient of Ferroelectric Superlattice

Long-range effects on the pyroelectric coefficient of a ferroelectric superlattice consisting of two different ferroelectric materials are investigated based on the transverse Ising model.The effects of the interfacial coupling and the thickness of one period on the pyroelectric coefficient of the ferroelectric superlattics are studied by taking into account the long-range interaction.It is found that with the increase of the strength of the long-range interaction,the pyroelectric coefficient decreases when the temperature is lower than the phase transition temperature;the mumber of the pyroelectric peaks decreases gradually and the phase transition temperature increases,It is also found that with the decrease of the interfacial coupling and the thickness of one period.the phase transition temperature and the number of the pyroelectric peaks decrease.     

Transparency and Strong Gain Without Population Inversion in Photonic Bandgap Crystals

Without using the weak-field approximation,we investigate the transient properties of a Λ-type atom with one transition near resonant with a photonic bandgap edge.Whatever the initial state of the atom is,the atom can become transparent to a probe field,and strong gain without population inversion is also possible if the atom has been pre-excited.The defect mode formed by atomic doping can have a strong effect on the absorption properties of the atom.     

Spatial Interference Effect of Two—Photon in Femtosecond—Pules Pumped Spontaneous Parametric Down—Conversion

We have used the transverse correlated properties of the entangled photon pairs generated in the process of spontaneous parametric down-conversion,which is pumped by a femtosecond pulse laser,to perform Young‘s interference experiment.Unlike the case of a continuous wave laser pump,a broadband pulse laser pump can submerge an interference pattern.In order to obtain a high visibility interference pattern,we used a lens with a tunable focal length and two interference filters to eliminate the effects of the broadband pump laser.It is proven that the process of two-photon direct interference is a post-selection process.     

An Exact Solution and the Pancharatnam Phase for the Generalized Two—Mode Optical System

Using the algebraic dynamical method,we obtain the exact solution for the generalized two-mode optical system.From the solution,the Pancharatnam phase and the mean values of the number operators of the system are calculated.It is emphasized that the system can be used as a quantum memory.     

Nuclear Shadowing Effect on the K Factor in Au—Au Collisions

We investigate the nuclear shadowing effect on the K factor in the Drell-Yan process by introducing a Shadowing factor into the corresponding quantum chromodynamical αs order corrections.K factors for Au-Au collisions are calculated at the centre-of-mass system energies √s=60,130 and 200 GeV while the nuclear shadowing factor is taken into account.The numerical results indicate that the nuclear shadowing factor obviously raises the K value in the small x region,and for the same nucleon the K valus becomes smaller as the energy increases.The nuclear shadowing effect could be one reason for creating the non-constancy of the K factor.     

A Pseudospectral Time—Domain Algorithm for Calculating the Band Structure of a Two—Dimensional Photonic Crystal

A pseudospectral time-domain (PSTD) method is developed for calculating the band structure of a two-dimensional photonic crystal.Maxwell‘s equations are rewritten in terms of period fields by using the Bloch theorem.Instead of spatial finite differences,the fast Fourier transform is used to calculate the spatial derivatives.To reach a similar accuracy,fewer sample points are required in the present PSTD method as compared to the conventional finite-difference time-domain methods.Our numerical simulation shows that the present PSTD method is an efficient and accurate method for calculating the band structure of a photonic crystal.     

Realization of the Fredkin Gate by Three transition Pulses in a Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Quantum Information Processor

We have experimentally realized the Fredkin gate with only three transition pulses in a solution of alanine.It appears that no experimental realization of the Fredkin gate with fewer pulses has been reported yet.In addition,the simple structure of our scheme makes it easy to implement in experiments.     

Phase Dependence of the Inversionless Gain in a Λ System with Near—Degenerate Levels

Due to interaction with the vacuum of the radiation field,near-degenerate lower levels in a Λ system have an additional coherence term,the spontaneously generated coherence (SGC) term.For such a system,we investigate the effect of the relative phase between two coherent fields on the inversionless gain in the presence of the SGC.We find that the inversionless gain,which stems from both SGC and dynamically induced coherence,can be modulated by the relative phase.     

Weakly Two—Dimensional Solitary Waves on Coupled Nonlinear Transmission Lines

We study the nonlinear solitary wave solution under the transverse perturbations for a system of coupled nonlinear electrical transmission lines.In the continuum limit and suitably scaled coordinates,the voltage on the system is described by a modified Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation.The cut-off frequency of the growth rate for the solitary waves under transverse perturbations has been analytically obtained.It is in agreement with the cases P=1/2 and p=1 which have been studied previously.