N1-烃基-3-肟基靛玉红的简便合成、晶体结构及抗肿瘤活性研究

研究了N1-烃基-3-肟基靛玉红的合成新方法. 以靛玉红为起始原料, 经N-烃基化、成肟反应选择性地得到单烃基化的 N1-烃基-3-肟靛玉红衍生物3a～3c. 晶体结构测定证明所合成的N1-乙基-3-肟基靛玉红(3b)以(3Z,3E)构型存在. 体外5种细胞株抗肿瘤活性筛选数据显示, 化合物3a～3c都有抗肿瘤作用, 其中, N1-乙基-3-肟基靛玉红(3b)具有较强的抗肿瘤活性和较低的毒性.     

自然水体生物膜、悬浮颗粒物和表层沉积物的轻、重组分对有机氯农药的吸附特征

利用重液分离方法对自然水体中的生物膜、悬浮颗粒物和表层沉积物中的轻、重组分进行了分离,采用批量平衡法研究了各固相样品及其轻、重组分对六六六(HCHs)和滴滴涕(DDTs)的吸附特征,通过比较各组分对吸附的贡献,分析了固相样品吸附HCHs和DDTs的机制.结果表明,表层沉积物对HCHs和DDTs的吸附过程是沉积物中矿物表面和无定型有机质中的分配机制起主要作用,而对于结构更为复杂、非均质性程度更高的生物膜和悬浮颗粒物对HCHs和DDTs的吸附过程同时发生线性的分配作用和非线性的孔隙填充作用.     

N,N-二羟乙基十二烷基胺的合成及性能

以二乙醇胺和溴代十二烷为原料,在无水乙醇介质中合成了脱模剂用新型原材料N,N-二羟乙基十二烷基胺.通过正交试验法对合成工艺进行了优化,研究了各种因素对合成产率的影响,确定了在无水乙醇介质中合成该化合物的最佳工艺条件;表征了合成产物的结构,并测定了其理化性能和表面化学性能.结果表明:在无水乙醇介质中合成N,N-二羟乙基十二烷基胺简单易行,产率为85.37%.合成产物在水溶液中的临界胶束浓度为2.92×10-3mol/L,所对应的液体表面张力为20.875 mN/m.以合成产物为原材料制备的固化薄膜的表面能为14.57 mN/m,小于聚氨酯塑料的表面能29 mN/m,是聚氨酯塑料和弹性体脱模剂的理想原材料.     

PVDF-增塑剂共混体系的结晶性及相容性

为提高聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)的熔融可加工性,将邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)、环丁砜(SFL)、三乙酸甘油酯(GL)以及碳酸丙烯酯(PC)等4种增塑剂分别用于PVDF的共混改性。采用示差扫描量热仪(DSC)、动态力学分析仪(DMA)以及电子拉力机等分别研究了PVDF-增塑剂共混试样的结晶性、相容性和力学性能。结果表明:当共混试样中增塑剂的质量分数小于10%时,增塑剂与PVDF具有很好的相容性,且共混试样具有很好的断裂强度和断裂伸长率;当增塑剂的质量分数大于10%时,增塑剂与PVDF的相容性变差,发生相分离。     

掠效应对高负荷跨音转子性能的影响

本文对一高负荷跨音转子采用掠技术进行了改型设计,并通过数值模拟对原型以及前、后掠转子分别进行了流场分析。结果发现掠叶片效率和压比与原型叶片相差不大,但是前掠叶型的失速裕度得到了大幅提高。同时前掠叶型的堵塞流量比原始叶型增大,而后掠叶型却明显减小。叶片采用掠之后一方面前缘位置变化所引起的径向压力输运改变了入口来流条件,另一方面气动掠还直接影响到了叶片吸力面附面层内低能流体的径向输运以及在叶尖区域的集聚,从而使流场内部的激波强度及相对位置明显变化,并最终导致叶片不同叶高载荷分布规律的改变。     

预注冷质的空气涡轮火箭性能分析研究

提出了压气机进口预注冷质的空气涡轮火箭(MIPCC ATR)循环,拓展了ATR在高飞行马赫数下的工作能力。给出了基于工质组分的变比热ATR循环热力学建模方法和工质物性改变时对部件特性的修正方法,基于所推导的准无量纲关系式讨论了循环参数之间的相互作用及其对性能的影响。研究结果表明预注冷质不仅能有效拓宽ATR的工作包线,而且可以提高单位推力,所需付出的代价是比冲会有一定程度的降低。     

Design of tunable metal-coated long-period fiber grating filter with dispersion consideration

The design of a tunable metal-coated long-period fiber grating (LPFG) filter based on the material dispersion consideration is presented. The tuning of the resonant wavelength can be achieved by heating the metal layer. Based on the coupled mode theory, the influences of the material dispersion on the transmission spectrum of the metalcoated LPFG are studied. There is a special grating period for a specific cladding mode; when the grating period is less than or equal to the special grating period, the material dispersion has weak influence on the resonant wavelength. Under such condition, the attenuation band depth corresponding to the specific cladding mode has excellent stability while the temperature changes, thus improving the filtering performances of the tunable loss filter. Further, experimental results demonstrate the validity and feasibility of the proposed tunable filter.     

Doctor-bladed Cu2ZnSnS4 light absorption layer for low-cost solar cell application

The doctor-blade method is investigated for the preparation of Cu₂ZnSnS₄ films for low-cost solar cell application. Cu₂ZnSnS₄ precursor powder, the main raw material for the doctor-blade paste, is synthesized by a simple ball-milling process. The doctor-bladed Cu₂ZnSnS₄ films are annealed in N₂ ambient under various conditions and characterized by X-ray diffraction, ultraviolent/vis spectrophotometry, scanning electron microscopy, and current-voltage (J-V) meansurement. Our experimental results indicate that (i) the X-ray diffraction peaks of the Cu₂ZnSnS₄ precursor powder each show a red shift of about 0.4°; (ii) the high-temperature annealing process can effectively improve the crystallinity of the doctor-bladed Cu₂ZnSnS₄, whereas an overlong annealing introduces defects; (iii) the band gap value of the doctor-bladed Cu₂ZnSnS₄ is around 1.41 eV; (iv) the short-circuit current density, the open-circuit voltage, the fill factor, and the efficiency of the best Cu₂ZnSnS₄ solar cell obtained with the superstrate structure of fluorine-doped tin oxide glass/TiO₂/In₂S₃/Cu₂ZnSnS₄/Mo are 7.82 mA/cm², 240 mV, 0.29, and 0.55%, respectively.     

Excellent Magnetocaloric Effect in Er60Al18Co22 Bulk Metallic Glass

Excellent magnetocaloric effect with a maximum entropy change and refrigeration capacity of 17.6 J·kg^-1·K^-1 and 546 J·kg^-1, respectively, has been discovered in the Er60Al18Co22 bulk metallic glass under the field of 50 kOe in the temperature range of helium liquefaction. This MCE results from the second-order magnetic transition from the paramagnetic to the ferromagnetic state. Our analysis based on mean-field theory suggests that the excellent MCE is attributed to the strong exchange of magnetic moment in the glassy structure.     

N-异丙基-N’-(1,3-噻唑-2-基)-1,2,3-苯并噻二唑-7-甲脒的光谱与热力学性质

采用密度泛函理论在B3LYP/6-311+G~*水平上对N-异丙基-N′-(1,3-噻唑-2-基)-1,2,3-苯并噻二唑-7-甲脒分子进行了理论计算研究,得到分子的红外与拉曼光谱,电子吸收光谱以及不同温度下的热力学性质,为该类化合物构效关系的研究奠定了基础.计算结果表明,该分子结构中存在N-H…N分子内氢键,分子结构中存在较强的共轭效应,从而使分子较稳定.红外最强吸收峰出现在1663 cm~(-1),对应N-H的面内摇摆振动.分子具有较好的紫外光谱活性,其最大吸收在382 nm,属于紫外可见光区,来源于HO-MO到LUMO的π→π~*电子跃迁.随温度的升高,标准摩尔焓、标准摩尔熵、标准摩尔热容均呈二次函数增大.