双即插即用能谱计算机断层重建算法

为降低X射线辐射剂量和提高成像效率,开发准确和高效的多能谱成像方法,提出一种具有双即插即用（PnP）框架的图像重建方法。该方法引入两个PnP正则化能量函数,分别对多通道图像内蕴低秩性与通道内图像稀疏性进行度量。首先以多通道图像间的相似块构造高维张量,然后引入张量加权核范数对张量低秩性进行刻画,并结合图像梯度域L0（伪）范数对通道内图像稀疏性进行刻画,最后设计基于交替方向乘子法的高效求解算法。为验证算法的可行性,开展模拟多通道光子计数采样图像重建实验。实验结果表明：与现有代表性方法相比,所提方法的峰值信噪比提升0.067 dB～1.89 dB,时间消耗约为代表性方法的25%;所提方法具有抑制伪影干扰和改善图像质量的优势,并且计算效率得到显著提升。     

Research on some superheavy nuclei

Studies on some superheavy nuclei are performed. The α decay energies are calculated by an improved local binding energy formula, and the α decay half-lives are calculated by the Viola-Seaborg formula. Good agreements between theoretical and experimental results are reached.     

用推广的等效两体方法求解类氦离子三体问题

介绍了求解三体问题的等效两体方法,将等效两体方法推广到原子系统,利用该方法求解类氦离子的基态,与一般的单参数变分法相比得到了与实验值符合得更好的结果,进而利用双参数变分法对所得结果进行了检验。 结果表明,等效两体方法同样适用于求解原子系统中的三体问题。 An extended equivalent two body method for three body systems is introduced in this article. The method is applied to an atomic three body system. Energies and wave functions of a helium like ion are calculated,which are consistent with the experimental data much better,in contrast to the results obtained by a one parameter calculus of variations approach. Then we use a two parameter calculus of variations approach to verify the precision of the ground state energy and wave function obtained by the extended equivalent two body method. These results indicated that the extended equivalent two body method is applicable to an atomic three body problem.     

三体系统中的Efimov态(英文)

通过求解Faddeev方程, 研究了量子三体系统中的Efimov效应。 改进了变分方法对于求解激发态的不足。 在不同的两体作用下得到了三体系统中的Efimov态。 讨论了在不同质量比的三体系统中出现Efimov态的条件。 并由三体计算的结果分析了具有两个价中子的核系统在两体存在束缚态时可能存在的Efimov效应。We studied the Efimov effect in a three body system by solving the Faddeev equations. Different models and interactions were considered. The occurrence of Efimov states was discussed. The possible Efimov state was clearly presented and its properties were investigated.     

电子和原子核散射研究原子核结构

本文综述了近年来我们组利用电子散射结合相对论平均场模型对奇特核结构的研究.我们发展了相对论平均场框架下的磁电子散射方法,并用其研究一些中子晕及质子晕核的基态组态,例如,23O,17,29C和23Al.研究发现,原子核不同组态的弹性磁形状因子彼此差别很大.其次,我们发展了相对论平均场框架下的弹性库伦电子散射方法,并用该方法研究了奇特核的电荷分布.研究发现,丰质子核中扩展的电荷密度分布可以通过库伦电子散射来测量.这种方法还被进一步推广用于计算弹性宇称不守恒电子散射,研究了一些典型原子核的中子密度分布,例如,Ca同位素链,N=50同中子素链以及N=Z的双幻核.结果表明,宇称不守恒非对称度的振幅主要由质子和中子形状因子极小值之间的距离决定.这些结果为下一代电子-核对撞机上的电子散射实验提供了有用的参考.     

Automorphisms of PGL_2(K) over Any Skew Field K

<正> Let K be a skew field and Z be its center.The multiplicative groups of non-zero ele-ments of K and Z are denoted by K~* and Z~* respectively.Denote by GL_2(K) the groupof all 2×2 matrices over K and by PGL_2(K) the factor group of GL_2(K) modulo its ce-nter consisting of all elements of the form γI,where γ∈Z~* and I is the 2×2 identitymatrix.If K is commutative or is of characteristic≠0 the automorphisms of PGL_2(K)are already determined.In the present paper,we'll determine the automorphisms of PGL_2(K)     

统计机器翻译中汉维短语对抽取的研究

双语短语对抽取是基于短语的统计机器翻译中短语翻译模型训练的关键步骤,但由于汉维平行语料库规模有限,数据稀疏问题严重.本文提出了一种改进的短语抽取算法,该算法首先考虑词对齐矩阵中一个汉语词对齐到多个维吾尔语词的情况(包括不连续),然后利用Och方法抽取短语对,最后考虑维吾尔语SOV语序结构特点,抽取双语短语.实验表明,该算法能够较准确地且尽可能多地抽取汉维短语对,从而提高翻译模型的质量.     

Temporal variation of fundamental constants in 229Th transition

If is there enhanced sensitivity to variations of fine structure constant, nucleon mass and meson masses in the transition between the low energy and long-lived nuclear isomer and ground states? To answer this open problem, we investigate the transition between the long-lived 7.6±0.5 eV isomer and ground states in ²²⁹Th based on the formulae derived from both the Nilsson model and Feynman-Hellmann theorem. Consistent conclusions are drawn by these two method. The sensitivity to relative variation of fine structure constant could be enhanced by 3—4 orders of magnitude, and to variations of nucleon mass and meson masses are enhanced by about 5—6 orders of magnitude in the ²²⁹Th transition.     

BenLa (n=1-18) 团簇的结构、电子性质和磁性

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法,在多种初始构型下充分考虑自旋多重度,研究了BenLa团簇的平衡几何结构、电子性质和磁性.结果表明:BenLa团簇的基态附近有许多能量非常接近的同分异构体,说明该团簇结构较复杂,对其基态的寻找极具挑战性.BenLa团簇具有磁性且稳定性远高于Ben+1团簇,由此可知通过选择合适的掺杂元素可能得到高稳定性的磁性团簇.Be17La团簇特别稳定且能隙与主团簇的能隙相当.体系的磁矩主要来自外层未成对的价电子且La元素的贡献是主要的,除BeLa,Be3La团簇的磁矩为3μB外,其余的都为1μB.     

利用有效液滴模型对超重元素α衰变半衰期的研究

利用有效液滴模型计算了偶偶超重核的α衰变半衰期,计算过程中采用了保持碎片体积守恒的不对称形状描述以及有效惯性系数计算Gamow势垒穿透因子.首先在质子数Z为88—98的区域检验了有效液滴模型,发现计算结果与实验符合得比较好.随后将此模型推广到Z≥100的情况,虽然只用了两个模型参数,计算结果与实验数据符合,说明有效液滴模型是计算偶偶超重核素α衰变半衰期的一个成功模型.