排序方式: 共有30条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
11.
本文首次通过FTIR和扫描电镜等手段研究了振磨作用对聚氯乙烯(PVC)颗粒尺寸、微晶结构、表现密度和增塑剂吸收量的影响。结果表明,该聚合物位于635cm^-1处结晶吸收谱带的强度随振磨时间的增加而降低,逐步趋于消失。随振磨时间的增加,PVC的颗粒尺寸减小,比表面积增加,增塑剂的吸收量增加。通过振磨可以制得用一般化学方法难于制得的超细、低微量含量、易于加工的较低分子量PVC。 相似文献
12.
以层状镁铝双金属氢氧化物(MgAl Layered Double Hydroxides,Mg-Al LDHs)为主体,以有机紫外光稳定剂2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮-5-磺酸(BP)为客体,结合焙烧复原法和阴离子交换法合成了具有超分子结构有机-无机插层复合物(MgAl-BP-LDHs),研究了层间阴离子、反应介质、pH值、反应时间等因素对于插层材料超分子结构的影响。用FTIR、XRD、TG-DTA、UV-Vis和粒度分析对其不同尺度的结构、热稳定性和紫外光稳定性等进行表征。结果表明,采用阴离子交换法难以进行插层反应;通过焙烧复原法可显著降低MgAl-LDHs层间CO2-离子,从而有利于BP阴离子交换进入MgAl-LDHs层间,在去离子水中,水温100℃,pH=7,反应时间为48 h,BP过饱和的条件下合成得到最高插层率的MgAl-BP-LDHs;主体水滑石层板与客体以静电力和氢键相互作用,得到的超分子结构材料具有良好的热稳定及兼具优异的紫外屏蔽、吸收性能,是一种新型的有机-无机复合光热稳定剂。 相似文献
13.
自然界中的层状有序结构如强韧的贝壳、树木等,往往带来优异的性能或特殊的功能。作为仿生材料学在高分子加工成型技术中的应用,聚合物微纳层共挤出技术是通过特殊的流道设计对聚合物熔体进行多次强制分割叠加,来制备高性能交替多层聚合物材料的新方法。层倍增器单元对熔体的多重力场作用,为多相多组分体系形态的原位调控提供了可能。而通过两相交替层状排布形成的受限层空间和丰富的层界面不仅赋予了材料独特的力学、光电、阻隔等性能,还为聚合物结晶调控提供了理想的研究模型。本文简要综述了近年来在层倍增过程中聚合物的形态结构演变及其对相关性能影响方面的研究进展。 相似文献
14.
15.
The effect of isobutylene-isoprene rubber (IIR) on the crystallizing behavior of isotactic polypropylene (IPP) as well as the morphology of the blends in relation with its properties have been studied by DSC, WAXD, polarized light microscope, SEM and mechanical properties test. The experimental results show that IIR has slight influence on melting point, crystallinity, crystallization rate of IPP. It seems certain that IIR has not entered into IPP phase in melt state. IIR has retarding action on the growth of IPP crystal and is an effective nucleating agent of IPP spherulites. The impact strength of the blend increases rapidly with IIR content more than 30 parts; the tensile strength of the blend, however, decreases as IIR content increases. The temperature and time of alter heat-treatment also have great influence on the impact strength of the blend. The impact strength of IPP/IIR (100/20) heat-treated at about 130℃for 2h is 5 times as high as that of the untreated blend. 相似文献
16.
17.
聚丙烯/阻燃剂填充聚丙烯交替层状复合材料的阻燃及力学性能研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
利用微层共挤出技术制备得到不同层数(2、4、16和64层)的聚丙烯(PP)/阻燃剂(IFR)填充PP(PPFR)交替层状复合材料,研究了层数改变对复合材料阻燃和力学性能的影响.偏光显微镜观察发现,PP层与PPFR层沿层状样品的厚度方向交替排布,层界面则随着层数的增加而增多.非等温结晶测试结果显示,界面的增多使更多的IFR可以分布在层界面附近,使整个层状复合体系表现出越来越接近传统IFR填充体系的异相成核结晶行为,表明IFR的分布可以通过层数的调节进行调控.垂直燃烧、极限氧指数(LOI)以及微型量热测试结果表明,层数提高可以有效提高复合体系自熄能力,显著降低热释放速率.与2层试样相比,64层试样的LOI从19.5提高到了25.而拉伸性能测试结果显示,随着层数增加,复合材料的拉伸强度变化较小,但断裂伸长率显著提高. 相似文献
18.
通过UV, FTIR, DSC及力学性能和色差的测试分析, 实时追踪了在紫外光老化过程中, 聚氯乙烯/氯化聚乙烯(PVC/CPE), 聚氯乙烯/丙烯酸酯类共聚物(PVC/ACR)及聚氯乙烯/丙烯腈-丁二烯苯乙烯共聚物(PVC/ABS)体系的微观结构和宏观性能的演变过程. 结果表明, 在光老化过程中, ACR和CPE对PVC脱HCl生成共轭双键反应、氧化降解反应、交联反应及玻璃化转变温度(Tg)的变化等均有抑制作用, 而ABS则对这些反应起促进作用. 在宏观上表现为ACR和CPE的加入能提高体系的色泽稳定性, 体系的力学性能保持率较高. 而ABS的作用相反. 相似文献
19.
20.
The molecular structure of SEBS grafted with maleic anhydride(SEBS-g-MAH) through ultrasound initiation was investigated by nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR). It can be confirmed that the grafting groups mainly exist on the terminus of the ultrasound initiated SEBS-g-MAH. However, it was difficult to detailedly confirm the block of the SEBS on which MAH is grafted through characterization of 1H-NMR due to the complex structure of the SEBS. Moreover, the temperaturedependent infrared spectra of the ultrasound initiated SEBS-g-MAH were also analyzed by the perturbation correlation moving window 2D(PCMW2D) correlation spectroscopy. It could confirm that the broken point existed at the joint between poly(ethylene-co-1-butene)(EB block) and polystyrene block(S block). Therefore, the grafting groups were attached to not only the S block but also the EB block. In addition, in order to well understand the aggregation structure of the ultrasound initiated SEBS-g-MAH, the possible grafting mechanism and aggregation model of the ultrasound initiated SEBS-g-MAH at room temperature were also proposed. 相似文献