THEORETICAL STUDIES ON CARBENES AND CARBENOIDS (Ⅳ) ——ISOMERIZATIONS AND DECOMPOSITIONS OF CARBENOIDS H_2C=CLiCl AND H_2CLiCl

The isomerizations and decompositions of carbenoids H_2C=CLiCl and H_2CLiCl have been studied by use of HF/STO-3G gradient method. Three equilibrium structures of H_2C=CLiCl were obtained, in which the linear structure has the lowest energy and the askew substituted structure was the next. It is found that the decomposition of H_2C=CLiCl undergoes a concerted FBW rearrangement and the inversion barrier of its askew substituted structure is 36 kJ/mol. For H_2CLiCl, the askew substituted structure, extending all valences of the carbon into a single hemisphere, is the lowest energy and its inversion barrier is 87 kJ/mol. The discussions on the factors concerned with the structural stabilities are given in this paper.     

反应H_2C==C(OH)Li+CH_3~+(CH_3~-)的从头算研究

采用解析梯度方法在RHF/6_31 +G 水平上研究了CH2 C(OH)Li的可能构型及异构化反应 ,并在此基础上研究了它与CH+3 和CH-3 的反应 .类卡宾CH2 C(OH)Li与CH+3 反应时 ,首先将构型 1转化为构型 4,然后与CH+3 顺利反应 ,此反应过程中保持碳负离子中心的构型 .而与CH-3 反应时 ,构型 1因锂的协助首先断裂形成类似构型 2的紧密离子对 ,然后CH-3 从 -OH的反面进攻 ,将 -OH取代 ,此反应过程中中心碳构型发生反转 .分析表明 ,类卡宾的两可反应性与构型的相对稳定性有密切的关系 .     

THEORETICAL STUDY OF REACTION DYNAMICS OF H_2 ■ H+H ON LITHIUM(100) SURFACE

A generalized LEPS potential energy surface of (H_2?H +H)/Li(100) plane systemwas constructed based on the ab initio SCF absorption and surface diffusion of a hydrogenatom on lithium(100) surface, and reaction kinetic behaviour of this system was investigatedby means of QCT method. It was shown from analysis of the feature of this potential energysurface that the activation energy of absorption of H_2 molecules on a lithium(100) planeis unnecessary and the dissociation of H_2 on the Li(100) plane relates closely to the adsorp-tion sites and adsorption fashions, and the horizontal manner of dissociation of H_2 is easierthan the standing one. And it was also shown from the analysis of various collision trajec-tories that the surface recombination probabilities of bi-hydrogen atoms at low covering arevery small, and that the surface dissociation probabilities of H_2 are controlled by its vibra-tional quantum number. The potential energy surface of gas-metal surface interaction systemconstructed here is con     

在原子-双原子分子散射中跃迁矩阵元的计算

本文利用能量位移算子推导出了IOS和GIOS近似的跃迁矩阵元及其应用条件:势能条件、质量条件和动能条件。     

单分子分解成两个自由基反应的半经典统计方法I. 关于CH4分解成CH3.和H.自由基的研究

本文计算了温度范围在300-1500K, CH4→CH3.+H.的分角反应中, 过渡态CH3...H的平均键长、频率因子、活化能及反应速率常数, 计算结果和实验结果符合得很好。     

分子间散射问题的李代数处理 关于AB+CD系统的振动-振动能量传递

采用半经典近似方法所给出的关于AB+CD散射系统的相互作用势, 构造系统的一种动力学代数h_(15), 利用这种代数计算了在非反应情况下系统的跃迁几率及势能的统计平均值, 并在群参量的一次近似下探讨了跃迁过程中的选择定则。     

钠卤类硅烯的结构与稳定性

本文用RHF/STO-3G解析梯度方法研究了钠卤类硅烯H2SiNaX(X=F,Cl)势能面的主要特征, 得到了它们的几种平衡构型及其异构化的过渡态构型。与锂卤类硅烯相似, 三元环构型和P-配合物构型是最稳定的构型; 其它的两种构型-σ-配合物和经典"四面体", 也是势能面上的极值点, 但能量相对较高, 不稳定。文中对各构型的特点进行了分析。     

Multiphoton excitation of an ammonia molecule in laser fields

The multiphoton excitation of NH3 in laser fields is discussed using the second quantization and unitary transformations.The stretch-vibration energy spectrum obtained from an optimized Hamiltonian is in good agreement with that of experiments.The changes in transition probabilities with the frequencies of laser fields and the lime-dependent transition probabilities at a field intensity of 1.1×10-8 W/cm2 are presented.Finally,the energy absorption is calculated.     

均杂核共轭分子的能级与分子轨道

本文提出把二元均杂核共轭分子的能级与分子轨道的计算分解为两个均核共轭分子的相互作用来计算.本法简化为双原子分子形式的能级与分子轨道的计算.这样计算工作量可以大大减少.本文报导了1,3,5-三硝基苯分子的π电子稳定能的计算.     

中心碳极性反转的酰基化试剂的理论研究Ⅱ: H~2C=C(OH)Na 的理论研究

用MP2/6-31+G^*解析梯度方法,研究乙酰基负离子等效物CH~2=C(OH)Na的结构,得到了四个平衡构型。偏位取代的三元环结构1最稳定,将是最易存在的结构。H~2C=C(OH)Na具有双重反应性,结构4是发生亲核反应的中间体,发生类卡宾反应时经过类似构型2的中间状态。同H~2C=C(OH)Li相比较,H~2C=C(OH)Na碳负离子反应将更突出,发生类卡宾反应则更加困难。