离子自组装方法在偶氮光响应材料制备中的应用

偶氮光响应材料在光信息存储,光学器件制造等领域具有广阔的应用前景。离子自组装技术是近几年发展起来的制备超分子功能材料的一种新方法。本文首先对偶氮光响应材料的制备方法以及离子自组装技术的基本原理做了简单的介绍。然后分4类对离子自组装方法在偶氮光响应材料制备中的应用进行了综述,主要包括带电荷小分子染料与反电荷表面活性剂组装、聚电解质与反电荷偶氮小分子组装、高支化大分子与偶氮小分子组装以及环糊精与含偶氮聚电解质组装。最后对该领域的发展趋势和研究热点进行了展望。     

A One-dimensional Manganese(Ⅱ) Coordination Polymer with 4'-Hydroxybiphenyl-4-carboxylate as the Single Ligand:Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Luminescence

A new 1D coordination polymer,{[Mn2(4',4-hbc)4(4',4-Hhbc)2(H2O)]·H2O}n(4',4-Hhbc=4'-hydroxyl-biphenyl-4-carboxylic acid),has been hydrothermally synthesized and struc-turally characterized by elemental analysis,IR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction.The crystal belongs to the monoclinic system,space group C2/c with a=52.421(10),b=7.5388(15),c=16.478(3),β=106.12(3)°,V=6256(2)3,Z=4,C78H62Mn2O21,Mr=1445.16,Dc=1.534g/cm3,μ(MoKα)=0.490mm-1,F(000)=2992,R=0.0764 and wR=0.2006 for 2984 observed reflections with I2σ(I).X-ray diffraction analyses reveal that the title compound is a one-dimensional infinite chain,in which the MnⅡ atom adopts a distorted octahedral geometry coordinated by four 4',4-hbc ligands,one 4',4-Hhbc ligand and one water molecule.Furthermore,the luminescent property of title compound was investigated.     

硫酸阿米卡星的毛细管电泳法快速测定

建立了毛细管电泳高频电导法快速测定注射液中硫酸阿米卡星的新方法.考察了缓冲溶液、有机溶剂添加剂以及分离电压和进样条件等因素对分离检测的影响.采用5.0 mmol/L乳酸-30%(体积分数)乙醇缓冲液体系为运行电泳介质,分离电压20.0 kV,在最佳实验条件下,5.5 min内即可实现硫酸阿米卡星的分离检测,硫酸阿米卡星的线性范围为5.00 ～150 mg/L,检出限为1.5 mg/L.     

采用氧合血红蛋白吸收带的漫反射光谱比率R（540）/R（575）检测浅表性膀胱癌

采用氧合血红蛋白在540和575 nm吸收带的漫反射光谱比率(R540/R575)对人浅表性膀胱癌进行了鉴别诊断,实验采用带积分球附件的分光光度计获取组织的漫反射光谱。结果表明:正常膀胱的粘膜/粘膜下层组织的漫反射光谱比率(R540/R575)在组织离体后2 h的平均值为111%,3 h的平均值为107%,4 h的平均值为104%,5 h的平均值为102%,而浅表性的膀胱癌的粘膜/粘膜下层组织的漫反射光谱比率(R540/R575)在组织离体后2 h的平均值为98.4%,3 h的平均值为95.5%,4 h的平均值为93.1%,5 h的平均值为91.6%,正常膀胱与浅表性膀胱癌的粘膜/粘膜下层组织在组织离体后2,3,4和5 h的漫反射光谱比率(R540/R575)均有显著性的差异(p<0.05),分别为12.6%,11.5%,10.9%和10.4%。这结论为快速、低成本、非入侵的浅表性膀胱癌的光活检提供了一种新的方法。     

特殊构型Si_2N_2分子团簇电致激发特性的密度泛函理论研究

以在可见光区有吸收峰的Cs构型的Si2N2分子团簇为研究对象,利用密度泛函B3LYP方法,在aug-ccpVTZ基组水平下优化得到了处于不同外电场中的Si2N2分子团簇的稳定结构.分析发现:在不同的外电场中,Si2N2分子构型对称性没有发生改变,均为Cs对称性,且都有6种振动模式;随着外电场强度的逐渐增大,Si2N2分子振动频率较低的前三种振动模式的频率略有减小,而后三种振动模式的频率逐渐增加;随着外电场强度的逐渐增大,在一定电场范围内最高占据分子轨道与最低空分子轨道的能隙值出现振荡,之后能隙值随着外电场强度的增大而减小.在此基础上,采用含时密度泛函TD-B3LYP方法研究了外电场对Si2N2分子吸收谱的影响规律.计算得到的吸收谱范围在紫外-可见光区,这与实验值相符合.随着外电场强度的逐渐增大,在可见光区吸收谱发生红移,最大跃迁振子强度逐渐增大.结果表明,施加外电场有利于Si2N2分子在可见光区的吸收,也有利于操控分子特定激发态的电子状态,进而调节相应的跃迁光谱特性,可达到获得所需特定波长的要求.     

线轴状刚体平面平行运动实验简析

用细丝线拉动线轴状刚体在水平平面桌面上(或水平导轨上)的运动,是典型的平面平行运动.改变细丝线拉力的倾角或方式,线轴状刚体可以有多种不同的运动状态,因此这是一个有趣的演示实验.之所以线轴状刚体有多种运动状态,关键因素是线轴状刚体在作纯滚动时它与平面桌面或导轨之间的相互作用力是静摩擦力,静摩擦力可以在一定范围连续变化以使线轴状刚体的运动能够满足动力学方程和运动学方程.当所需要的静摩擦力超出其最大允许值时,线轴状刚体与平面桌面或导轨之间将出现滑动,二者之间的摩擦力将由静摩擦力变为滑动摩擦力,纯滚动状态将消失.     

流动注射化学发光法测定发酵液中的2-酮基-L-古龙酸

在酸性介质中,高锰酸钾氧化罗丹明B产生化学发光信号,当该体系中存在2-酮基-L-古龙酸(2-KLG)时,体系发光信号显著增强.基于这一现象,建立了一种简单快速测定2-KLG的流动注射化学发光新方法,并且对试验条件进行优化.在最优条件下,2-KLG在0.2-60mg·L-1范围内与发光强度呈良好的线性关系,检出限是0.04mg·L-1.对2.0mg·L-1的2-KLG标准溶液平行测定11次,平行测得值的RSD为3.4％.将本法用于发酵液中2-KLG的测定,并与高效液相色谱法进行比较,结果令人满意.     

CuO面外Sm掺杂对电子型超导体的影响北大核心CSCD

研究了Nd1.85-x Smx Ce0.15CuO4单晶的热电势S、霍耳系数RH和电阻率.在CuO2平面以外的阳离子格点引入无序,其程度是通过改变Sm含量来控制的.霍耳系数RH的测量证明这种名义掺杂没有改变载流子的密度.热电势S(T)在120K以上可用掺杂的半经验模型来分析,表明有电子的窄能带和宽能带的共存.在这个模型中,无论是态密度的带宽和有效电导率的展宽都随着x的增加而增加,而局域化的趋势随Sm掺杂增加而几乎不变.Sm掺杂对超导转变温度TC的抑制作用很小,这意味着超导TC可能与载流子局域化和巡游电子的能带结构有关.     

Low Threshold Current Density Operation of Strain-Compensated Quantum Cascade Laser

We report the low threshold current density operation of strain-compensated In0.64 Ga0.36As/In0.3sAl0.62As quantum cascade lasers emitting near 4.94 μm. By employing an enlarged strain-compensated structure and optimizing the injector doping density, a rather low threshold current density of 0.57kA/cm^2 at 80 K is achieved/or an uncoated 20-μm-wide and 2.5-mm-long laser.     

Plastic Deformation of Fine-Grained Al-Cu-Fe-（B） Icosahedral Poly-Quasicrystals at Elevated Temperature

Fine-grained Al-Cu-Fe-（B） icosahedral poly-quasicrystals （1QCs） as the main materials and fine-grained Al- Pd-Mn IQCs as the supplements, both prepared by powder metallurgy, are uniaxially deformed at vaNous temperatures and strain rates. The systematic study shows the dependences of curves of the true stress versus true strain on several parameters, such as temperature, strain rate and grain size. For Al-Cu-Fe IQCs with grain sizes of about 10-30μm, QC-specific intra-granular softening drop appears in the deformation curves at lower temperatures and/or faster strain rates, but disappears in those curves at higher temperatures and/or slower strain rates, which suggests that the inter-granular effects such as grain-boundary sliding should be taken into account to interpret the continuous hardening, similarly to conventional poly-crystals. For Al-Cu-Fe-B IQCs with smaller grain sizes of about 1 μm and fine-grained AI-Pd-Mn IQCs with grain sizes of about 10μm, QC- specific intra-granular softening drop is absent for all the deformation curves at the possible lowest temperature and fastest strain rate. This implies that the sma/ler the grain size, the more the inter-granular contribution. At the same time, due to the rapid recovery caused by intense diffusion in small-sized grains, the intra-granular quasicrystal lattice reorders rapidly from disordering, which also inhibits the intra-granular softening drop to some extent.