新型混价稀土氟化物KEuLaF~6: 结构设计和碱金属还原法相结合的新产品

用钾还原Eu~0.5La~0.5F~3合成了KEuLaF~6。新化合物属于UCl~3的填隙结构,gagarinite和NaNdF~4的相关型。空间群P3, 三方晶系, 点阵参数: a=646.8(6),c=373.9(4)pm, c/a=0.578, V=135.47·10^6(12)pm^3, D~p~y~c=5.37,D~x=5.44g·cm^-^3, Z=1。新化合物在空气中稳定, 不溶于水。还报道新化合物的荧光图谱和红外     

探索:奏响数学美的乐章

这是一道在许多数学书刊可以轻易查到的习题:设a,b,c为两两不相等的有理数,求证:     

四边形的两个优美性质

文[1]发现了平面四边形涉及"内心"的两个美妙性质,受其启发,本文得到关联"旁心"的两个同样优美的类似结论.     

四边形的一个性质

题目设D,E,F分别为△ABC三边BC,CA,AB的中点,则S△DEF=(1)/(4)S△ABC. 将其推广到四边形有: 定理在四边形ABCD中,G1、G2、G3、G4,分别为△BCD,△CDA,△DAB,△ABC的重心,则(如图1,2)     

桂林西瓜霜系列产品的红外光谱分析

采用红外光谱法、二阶导数红外光谱法和二维相关红外光谱法,对桂林西瓜霜系列产品进行了快速无损比对分析研究。结果表明,同一生产厂家不同品种的西瓜霜在红外光谱上差异较显著,所添加辅料的类型和含量有所不同。在一维红外谱图上,西瓜霜喷剂﹑西瓜霜胶囊在638和616 cm-1处有明显的硫酸钠的特征峰;西瓜霜清咽含片﹑西瓜霜喉宝含片和西瓜霜润喉片的红外光谱中,能明显地看到蔗糖、糊精等辅料的特征峰,其中西瓜霜润喉片的红外谱图与蔗糖的红外谱图非常相似,说明西瓜霜润喉片中所添加的蔗糖较多。而在二维红外谱图上,由于五种西瓜霜的自动峰及相关峰峰簇的位置和数量和峰的相对强度的不同,其差别体现得更为明显和直观。应用红外光谱、二阶导数红外光谱和二维相关红外光谱技术,不仅可以提供西瓜霜系列产品主要化学成分的相关信息,还可以对各产品所添加的辅料类型和含量进行分析和指认。因此,红外光谱法是考察中药资源的一种简便、快速、直观、有效的方法。     

Analysis of the generation mechanism of the S-shaped J—V curves of MoS2/Si-based solar cells

Amorphous-microcrystalline MoS$_{2}$ thin films are fabricated using the sol-gel method to produce MoS$_{2}$/Si-based solar cells. The generation mechanisms of the S-shaped current density-voltage ($J$-$V$) curves of the solar cells are analyzed. To improve the performance of the solar cells and address the problem of the S-shaped $J$-$V$ curve, a MoS$_{2}$ film and a p$^+$ layer are introduced into the front and back interfaces of the solar cell, respectively, which leads to the formation of a p-n junction between the p-Si and the MoS$_{2}$ film as well as ohmic contacts between the MoS$_{2}$ film and the ITO, improving the S-shaped $J$-$V$ curve. As a result of the high doping characteristics and the high work function of the p$^+$ layer, a high-low junction is formed between the p$^+$ and p layers along with ohmic contacts between the p$^+$ layer and the Ag electrode. Consequently, the S-shaped $J$-$V$ curve is eliminated, and a significantly higher current density is achieved at a high voltage. The device exhibits ideal p-n junction rectification characteristics and achieves a high power-conversion efficiency (CE) of 7.55%. The findings of this study may improve the application of MoS$_{2}$ thin films in silicon-based solar cells, which are expected to be widely used in various silicon-based electronic and optical devices.     

Internal Conversion Process of Chlorophyll a in Solvents in Femtosecond Pump-Probe Laser Fields

采用约化密度矩阵理论研究了溶液中叶绿素a分子的内转换过程. 内转换时间可以通过模拟实验荧光亏蚀光谱得到. 计算得到的叶绿素a分子在乙酸乙酯、四氢呋喃和二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中的内转换时间分别是141、147和241 fs. 理论分析表明：荧光亏蚀光谱曲线的振荡行为主要是由分子布居在耦合势能面间的振荡引起的. 分析了两个电子态之间非绝热耦合对内转换时间及荧光亏蚀光谱的影响,还讨论了叶绿素a分子与溶液耦合作用对内转换时间的影响.     

双色飞秒脉冲场作用下吡啶分子的弛豫动力学研究

利用自制的飞秒激光系统和飞行时间质谱仪结合泵浦探测的方法对吡啶分子的弛豫动力学进行了研究.用265和398nm的飞秒激光分别作为泵浦光和探测光,通过(1+2′)的共振增强多光电子电离的办法测量了C5H5N+离子强度随时间演化的情况,从而测得吡啶分子在265nm激发的S1电子态有一寿命为(3.3±0.1)ps的快速弛豫过程.     

Crystal structure and ionic conductivity of Mg-doped apatite-type lanthanum silicates La10Si6-x Mgx O27-x（x=0–0.4）

Lanthanum silicates La10Si6-xMgxO27-x(x = 0–0.4) were prepared by solid state synthesis to investigate the effect of Mg doping on crystal structure and ionic conductivity. Rietveld analysis of the powder XRD patterns reveals that Mg substitution on Si site results in significant enlargement of channel triangles, favoring oxide-ion conduction. Furthermore,an increase of Mg concentration significantly influences the linear density of interstitial oxygen, which plays an important role in ionic conductivity. The Arrhenius plots of La10Si6-xMgxO27-x(x = 0–0.4) suggest that Mg-doped samples present higher conductivity and lower activation energy than non-doped La10Si6O27, and La10Si5.8Mg0.2O26.8exhibits the highest conductivity with a value of 3.0×10-2S ·cm-1at 700?C. Such conductive behavior agrees well with the refined results.The corresponding mechanism has been discussed in this paper.     

稀土配位聚合物{(H_2prz)[Ln_2(pzdc)_4(H_2O)_2]·5H_2O}_n(Ln=Eu,Tb)的合成、结构和性质

以Ln(NO3)3、H2pzdc(2,3-吡嗪-二羧酸)和prz(哌嗪)为原料,在水热条件下得到了2个结构新颖的稀土配位聚合物{(H2prz)[Ln2(pzdc)4(H2O)2]·5H2O}n(Ln=Eu(1),Tb(2))。对它们进行了元素分析、红外光谱、粉末X-射线衍射、热重等分析,并用X-射线衍射测定了它们的单晶结构。2个配合物的晶系都属于三斜晶系,P1空间群。研究了它们的荧光性质,固体荧光实验测试结果表明,2个配合物在室温下均表现出相应稀土离子的特征荧光发射。