Bioconjugated and cross-linked bionanostructures for bifunctional immunohistochemical labeling

The present study describes the development and use of a new bioconjugate combining targeted quantum dot labeling with an immunoperoxidase method and explores whether these bioconjugates could specifically and effectively label Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1). The new bioconjugate is designed for the examination of samples both under fluorescent and bright-field microscopy at the same time. For this purpose chlorobis(2-2'-bipyridyl) methacryloyl tyrosine-ruthenium(II) and bis (2-2'-bipyridyl) methacryloyltyrosine-methacryloyltryptophan-ruthenium (II) photosensitive monomers and photosensitive poly(Bis (2-2'-bipyridyl)) methacryloyltyrosine-methacryloyltryptophan-ruthenium(II) were synthesized and characterized. The anti-SOD1 antibody and horseradish peroxidase (HRD) conjugated quantum dots were prepared by using this polymer. The anti-SOD1 antibody and HRD conjugated quantum dots were used in labeling and imaging of SOD1 in rat liver sections. Quantum dot particles were observed as a bright fluorescence in their specific binding locations inside the hepatocytes. The HRD-diaminobenzidine reaction product was observed as brown-colored particles at the same locations under bright-field microscopy. Structural details of the tissue sections could be examined at the same time. The conjugation protocol is simple; the bioconjugate is applicable for efficient cell labeling and can be adapted for imaging of other targets in different tissues. Also, the prepared nanobioconjugates have mechanic stability and can be used for a long period.     

Bee (Apis mellifera) venom produced toxic effects of higher amplitude in rat thoracic aorta than in skeletal muscle--an ultrastructural study

In this study, changes produced in aorta and triceps surae muscle of Wistar rats as response to bee venom (BV) envenomation were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy and morphometry. A subchronic treatment of 30 days with daily doses of 700 μg BV/kg and an acute-lethal treatment with a single dose of 62 mg BV/kg were performed. The subchronic treatment resulted in endothelial cell retraction, a thicker subendothelial layer, and thinner elastic laminae and musculoelastic layers in aorta, and thicker endothelium and basal laminae in skeletal muscle. In both tissues polymorphous, swollen mitochondria with disrupted cristae were observed. The acute treatment produced extensive endothelial lesions, breakdown of the collagen layer and migration of muscle cells toward the intima in the aorta, and dilatation of endoplasmic reticulum in the skeletal muscle cells. Mitochondria were almost devoid of cristae or with few circular cristae in the smooth muscle cells while most of the mitochondria presented abnormal circular cristae in the skeletal muscle cells. Degenerative alterations in the aorta were of higher intensity in our experiments-both the intima and media strongly responded to BV, in contrast to those found at the level of the skeletal muscle cells where a moderate degenerative myopathy was recorded.     

Quantitative high-resolution transmission electron microscopy of single atoms

Single atoms can be considered as the most basic objects for electron microscopy to test the microscope performance and basic concepts for modeling image contrast. In this work high-resolution transmission electron microscopy was applied to image single platinum, molybdenum, and titanium atoms in an aberration-corrected transmission electron microscope. The atoms are deposited on a self-assembled monolayer substrate that induces only negligible contrast. Single-atom contrast simulations were performed on the basis of Weickenmeier-Kohl and Doyle-Turner form factors. Experimental and simulated image intensities are in quantitative agreement on an absolute intensity scale, which is provided by the vacuum image intensity. This demonstrates that direct testing of basic properties such as form factors becomes feasible.     

Total Synthesis of (±)-Butyl Ester of Rosmarinic Acid

Rosmarinic acid, a well-known natural product firstly isolated from rosemary by Scarpati and Oriente in 19581, possesses various kinds of biological activities such as antioxidant2 and antibacterial3. Recently, the synthesis and biological activities of related compounds of rosmarinic acid have received much attention, such as 4, 4?′-O-di-β-D- glucopyranosyl rosmarinic acid4, methyl ester of rosmarinic acid5-6 and rabdosiin7. Butyl ester of rosmarinic acid 1 (Scheme 1) was isolated from Is…     

Novel ~(99m)Tc labeled σ receptor ligand as a potential tumor imaging agent

Sigma (σ) receptors are a distinct class of proteinsexisting in at least two subtypes termed σ1 and σ2[1].They are expressed in the central nervous system, en-docrine, immune and certain peripheral tissues andmay play an important role in regulating an…     

Conformational changes and surface binding property of rat liver Cd_5Zn_2-metallothionein

A series of conformational changes of native rat liver metallothionein were observedunder different ionic strength by 1H NMR. Furthermore, binding of magnetic probes to MT gives us an implication that positively charged groups of lysine are not completely folded back towards the inner core of metallothionein, the negatively charged metal-sulfur core is slightly exposed to the solvent.     

含嘧啶与芴结构单元共聚物的合成及性能

通过Suzuki偶联反应将2,7-双(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂硼烷-2-基)-9,9-二辛基芴与2-氨基-4,6-二碘嘧啶共聚,得到了一种新型共聚物聚(2-胺基嘧啶-9,9-二辛基芴)。采用红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱、紫外-可见吸收光谱、荧光光谱、循环伏安、热重分析等测试方法对共聚物进行了性能分析。结果表明:该共聚物有一定的热稳定性,在氯仿溶液中的激发峰位于390 nm,462nm和496 nm处出现了2个发射峰并在最大吸收波长下发射黄绿色荧光。共聚物的氯仿溶液存在酸致变色现象,加入CF_3COOH后,共聚物在390 nm处的吸收峰强度不断降低,并且在433 nm左右出现了一个新的吸收峰,溶液由淡黄色转变为绿色,UV-Vis吸收峰发生红移。     

偶氮苯-PVP复合薄膜光波导传感器检测苯乙烯

将掺杂偶氮苯（Azo）的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）作为敏感试剂,利用旋转甩涂法将其固定在钾离子（K⁺）交换玻璃光波导表面,研制了Azo-PVP复合薄膜/K⁺交换玻璃光波导气敏元件,并对其气敏特性进行研究。实验结果表明,该敏感元件对苯乙烯蒸汽有较好的选择性响应,其最低检测浓度为1.0×10^-8体积比（V/V₀）,响应-恢复时间分别为9 s和24 s。在浓度1.0×10^-81.0×10^-3（V/V₀）范围内,气体浓度与输出光强度之间有较好的线性关系。     

Simultaneous Determination of Magnolol and Honokiol by Synchronous Fluorescence Spectroscopy

MOL and HOL are the useful ingredients of Houpo that has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of thrombotic stroke, typhoid fever, and headache. Therefore, it is necessary to determine theirs contents in pharmaceutical dosage. Up to…