Impact parameter and beam energy dependence for azimuthal asymmetry of direct photons and free protons in intermediate energy heavy-ion collisions

Hard photon emitted from energetic heavy ion collisions is of very interesting since it does not experience the late-stage nuclear interaction, therefore it is useful to explore the early-stage information of matter phase. In this work, we have calculated the impact parameter and beam energy dependence for azimuthal asymmetry, characterized by directed transverse flow parameter F and elliptic asymmetry coefficient v₂, of direct photons and the corresponding free protons in intermediate energy heavy-ion collisions. It is further shown the anti-correlated azimuthal asymmetry between direct photons and free protons.     

纳米颗粒对金属陶瓷光热转换涂层选择吸收特性的影响

以双金属、氮化物和氧化物作为吸光组元的金属陶瓷涂层是一类极具发展潜力的耐高温光热转换涂层,为了明确其光谱选择性吸收机理,采用第一性原理计算和有限差分时域(FDTD)法研究了WTi、Cr₂O₃和TiN的能带结构、电子结合特性和分布特征对选择吸收特性的影响。研究结果表明：WTi双金属纳米颗粒因Ti的掺杂会产生强烈的原子轨道杂化,导致能带上移和带宽变窄,可以强化对电子的局域限制,有助于增强带间耦合作用和表面等离子体激元共振效应;Cr₂O₃氧化物纳米颗粒中存在较窄的禁带,键长易发生变化,故在高温下其光吸收机制会从电子跃迁方式向表面等离子体激元共振效应转变;TiN氮化物纳米颗粒中不存在禁带,体现出更广的光吸收波长范围,同时颗粒间稳定的键长和较高的载流子浓度增强了体系的稳定性和自由载流子光吸收效应。此外,FDTD模拟发现,小尺寸纳米颗粒在0.3～1.5μm波段内具有很高的吸收系数,而大尺寸纳米颗粒虽然吸收系数不高,但是具有更高的散射系数。基于此,创新性地提出了多尺度分层化金属陶瓷光热转换涂层的组织构筑策略,使不...     

有偏压的光伏光折变晶体中的空间孤子

证明了有偏压的光伏光折变晶体中存在着明、暗稳态的空间孤子.它源于对外电场的非均匀空间屏蔽和光伏效应.与已报道的稳态光折变空间孤子相比,它具有不同的特性.当外电场为某一特定值时,用改变外电场的极性和旋转光的偏振方向可以实现明孤子与暗孤子的相互转换.当外电场足够强可以忽略光伏效应时,它类似于屏蔽孤子;当不存在外电场时,它类似于开路条件下的光伏孤子. 关键词：     

A novel optical beam splitter based on photonic crystal with hybrid lattices

A novel optical beam splitter constructed on the basis of photonic crystal(PC) with hybrid lattices is proposed in this paper.The band gap of square-lattice PC is so designed that the incident light is divided into several branch beams.Triangular-lattice graded-index PCs are combined for focusing each branch.Computational calculations are carried out on the basis of finite-different time-domain algorithm to prove the feasibility of our design.The waveguide is unnecessary in the design.Thus the device has functions of both splitting and focusing beams.Size of the divided beam at site of full-width at half-maximum is of the order of λ/2.The designed splitter has the advantages that it has a small volume and can be integrated by conventional semiconductor manufacturing process.     

关于周期函数的最小正周期的存在性

我知道一些周期函数在定义域上存在最小正周期 ,如ｓｉｎｘ ,ｃｏｓｘ ,ｔａｎｘ ,ｃｏｔｘ等 .但有些周期函数如常值函数、狄利克莱函数等均没有最小正周期 .那么 ,什么样的周期函数一定存在最小正周期呢 ?笔者至今未见有结果 .本文利用极限和函数连续的性质 ,给出了周期函数存在最小正周期的充分条件 .引理 1　设 {ａｎ}为数列 ,且ａｎ >0 ,ｌｉｍｎ∞ａｎ =0 .则对任意实数Ａ ,存在由 {ａｎ}的前ｎ项构成的整系数线性组合数列 {Ａｎ},其中Ａｎ=α1 ａ1 α2 ａ2 … αｎａｎ(ａｉ为整数 ,ｉ=1 ,2… ,ｎ) ,使得ｌｉｍｎ∞ Ａｎ=Ａ .…     

20Mgβ衰变谱学与15O(α,γ)19Ne反应(英文)

15O（α,γ）19Ne（p,γ）20Na反应链是高温CNO循环向快速质子俘获过程突破的一条关键路径,相关的反应率输入量可通过20Mg的β衰变可布居19Ne共振态并测量其衰变性质来获得。通过高效率高精度地测量20Mg β衰变中产生的质子与γ射线得到了20Mg衰变的详细信息,并构建了完整的衰变纲图,还进行了19Ne 4 033 keV共振态衰变性质的探索,获得了该态在20Mg β衰变中被布居的分支比上限。通过比20Mg和20O镜像能级跃迁的结果确认了同位旋非对称性,为检验相关理论模型提供了精确的实验数据。对于突破路径中有重要影响的19Ne 4 033 keV共振态的性质,有待更高统计的实验进一步研究。The breakout from the hot CNO cycle to the rapid proton capture process can occur via the 15O(α,γ)19Ne(p,γ)20Na reaction sequence, and the β decay of 20Mg can be used as an alternative method to characterize some specific resonances, which will provide detailed nuclear structure input for reaction rate calculations. The reliable information on the decay properties and structure of 20Mg was obtained by measuring the emitted particles and γ-rays in the β decay with high efficiency and high resolution. Attempt was also made to search for the decay channels associated with the 4 033 keV resonance in 19Ne. To test fundamental symmetries, the transitions in the mirror decays of 20Mg and 20O were compared. The precise experimental data presented here would be important to constrain the theoretical calculations. It is desirable to clarify the astrophysically relevant problem by further experiments with improved statistics on the basis of the present work.     

一道竞赛题的解法及反思

2008年全国高中数学联赛陕西赛区第一试第9题,许多同学用几何法感到无从下手,用解析法却遇到多个困难而半途而废,下面是笔者对此题的解答以及个人的一点见解．     

绿色合成银纳米粒子及其在SERS中的应用

采用无毒、绿色的酪氨酸作为还原剂和稳定剂,在碱性条件下还原硝酸银,经60 ℃恒温水浴处理20 min,成功地合成了银纳米粒子。混合溶液颜色由淡黄色变为棕黄色直观地呈现了银纳米粒子的生成。利用紫外可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)对制备样品进行分析和表征。粒子的UV-Vis吸收在412 nm附近。TEM图像显示,银纳米粒子的形状近似球形,粒子直径在15～25 nm。分别以结晶紫(CV)和叶酸(FA)为探测分子,进一步研究了该银纳米粒子的表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)效应。实验结果表明,该合成方法不仅方便、快速、绿色环保,而且合成的银纳米粒子对CV和FA分子有很好的SERS效应。     

Wavefront reconstruction algorithm for wavefront sensing based on binary aberration modes

We propose a new algorithm for wavefront sensing based on binary intensity modulation. The algorithm is based on the fact that a wavefront can be expended with a series of orthogonal and binary functions, the Walsh series. We use a spatial light modulator(SLM) to produce different binary-intensity-modulation patterns which are the simple linear transformation of the Walsh series. The optical fields under different binary-intensity-modulation patterns are detected with a photodiode.The relationships between the incident wavefront modulated with the patterns and their optical fields are built to determinate the coefficients of the Walsh series. More detailed and strict relationship equations are established with the algorithm by adding new modulation patterns according to the properties of the Walsh functions. An exact value can be acquired by solving the equations. Finally, with the help of phase unwrapping and smoothing, the wavefront can be reconstructed. The advantage of the algorithm is providing an analytical solution for the coefficients of the Walsh series to reconstruct the wavefront. The simulation experiments are presented and the effectiveness of the algorithm is demonstrated.     

超细碳酸钙微球的制备

采用乳状液膜与共沉淀结合法制备超细碳酸钙微球,考察了不同反应条件对碳酸钙形貌的影响。获得的试样使用X-射线衍射(XRD)、场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)、红外光谱(FT-IR)以及激光粒度仪等手段予以表征。结果表明,吐温-80和PVP的添加量分别为4 mL和0.5 g时,制备出了颗粒大小约为5μm的碳酸钙微球;碳酸钙材料的物相组成和形貌与溶液中吐温-80体积含量以及PVP含量密切相关。