Ni／Al2O3催化剂上CH4／CO2重整的脉冲反应研究

报道了用脉冲反应研究Ｎｉ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂上ＣＨ４／ＣＯ２重整反应的结果。脉冲反应显示，在还原的Ｎｉ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂上，ＣＨ４在６７３Ｋ就开始发生分解，并有Ｃ２Ｈ６、Ｃ２Ｈ４生成，１０２３Ｋ下，ＣＨ４几乎完全分解，单纯的ＣＯ２则很难在还原的催化剂上发生反应，在９７３Ｋ以上的高温下才会有少量Ｃ胜成ＣＯ．ＣＨＣＯ２的脉冲反应表明，当ＣＨ４在较低温度下开始分解时，ＣＯ２也会发生分解，并生成ＣＯ。脉冲反     

不稳定的二甲基氨基甲基二茂铁的ESI-HRMS分析条件研究

研究并优化了化合物N,N-二甲基氨基甲基二茂铁的电喷雾离子化-高分辨质谱(ESI-HRMS)分析方法。重复测定样品,目标分子离子计数的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=10)为2.4%,表明仪器重复性良好。通过对目标分子的一级质谱图与二级质谱图分析,一级质谱图中母离子的丰度低于最强子离子丰度的10%,表明目标分子在源内发生了裂解。研究了一级质谱中目标分子离子及其最强碎片离子的离子计数与干燥气温度、毛细管出口电压的变化规律,并拟合得到相应的数学方程;确定了目标分子质谱分析的最佳条件。     

超声波辅助木质素磺酸钠烷基化合成表面活性剂

以木质素磺酸钠(LS)和1-溴十二烷为原料,吡啶为催化剂,在碱性醇水混合溶液中,利用超声波辅助烷基化反应制备生物基表面活性剂.通过GPC,UV,FTIR和1H-NMR对木质素磺酸钠及其直接烷基化产物(ALS)、超声烷基化产物(UALS)进行结构表征,结果表明超声活化使木质素磺酸钠的分子量从154200下降到106000,酚羟基的含量从0.65%提高到1.55%,活化效率达139%.1H-NMR谱中甲氧基的峰面积占总面积的比值由超声前的36.0%下降到超声后的21.0%.烷基化反应位点是LS的酚羟基,超声波活化烷基化效率明显高于直接烷基化效率.1%质量浓度的UALS的表面张力为28.2 mN/m,相同质量浓度的ALS和LS的表面张力分别为34.1 mN/m和41.5 mN/m.UALS的临界胶束浓度(CMC)是5×10-2g/L,比LS的低近两个数量级.超声烷基化效果较直接烷基化好的原因在于超声波处理一方面提高了酚羟基的含量,一方面破坏了大分子的三维网状结构,强化了体系的传质和传热效率.     

全自动电位滴定法测定锂电池原料碳酸锂中主成分的含量

采用全自动电位滴定法测定锂电池原料碳酸锂中主成分的含量,用盐酸标准溶液进行滴定,考虑自动电位滴定仪的灵敏性和准确度,通过多次对比实验,确定了仪器的最佳工作参数、滴定剂浓度和样品称样量等滴定条件;对两个不同品位试样分别进行了11次平行测定,相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于1%。在碳酸锂试样中加入基准物质无水碳酸钠进行碳酸根的加标回收实验,碳酸根的加标回收率在99.4%~100%。与传统的酸碱滴定法相比,全自动电位滴定法方便、快捷,同时方法测定结果准确、可靠、精密度高,适合大批量样品快速分析。     

锂离子电池片状四氧化三钴负极的合成及改性

采用液相沉淀法结合低温固相热解法合成了锂离子电池片状Co3O4负极.通过X射线粉体衍射(XRD)、Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)比表面积分析、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及恒电流充放电等表征手段,发现该Co3O4为立方相,结晶完整且无杂质,由直径为1.5-3.0μm、厚度约为100-300 nm的不规则片状颗粒组成,比表面积约为30.5 m2·g-1;其比容量高且容量保持率好,在0.1C倍率下,首次放电容量高达1444.5 mAh·g-1,50次循环后充电容量仍大于1100.0 mAh·g-1;但在高倍率(1C)下,50次循环后充电容量保持率仅为75.3%,倍率性能一般.故采用碳纳米管(CNTs)掺杂改性,结果表明:在1C倍率下,70次循环后复合材料充电容量保持率为96.3%;在2C倍率下,50次循环后充电容量保持率仍高达97.0%,倍率性能显著提升.     

Study of the electric capacitance spectra on symmetric quantum-dot pattern

We have calculated the ground-state energy of the symmetric quantum-dot pattern by the ab initio calculation method, i.e. unrestricted Hartree-Fock-Roothaan (UHFR) method based on the Gaussian basis, and studied their electric capacitance spectra, assuming each quantum dot of quantum-dot pattern to be confined in a three-dimensional spherical potential well of finite depth. For the systems in question, our results show that our method and theoretical model not only give the electric capacitance peaks similar to s-shell and p-shell atom-like quantum dot, but also show some new fine-structure of electric capacitance in the symmetric quantum-dot pattern system. This method might be a feasible tool to study few-electron problems on the symmetric quantum-dot pattern system.     

双离子(40Ar+, C2H+6)辐照合成金刚石纳米晶颗粒

用双离子(⁴⁰Ar⁺，C₂H⁺₆)辐照实验完成了从多壁碳纳米管向金刚石纳米晶颗粒的转变.对转变机理进行了初步探讨.这一探索有望能成为一种金刚石纳米晶合成的新途径.由此可知，多重荷能离子辐照用于其他材料纳米结构的制备也不是凭空设想. 关键词： 金刚石纳米晶 离子辐照 透射电子显微镜     

Contrast Adaptation Decreases Complexity in Retinal Ganglion Cell Spike Train

The difference in temporal structures of retinal ganglion cell spike trains between spontaneous activity and firing activity after contrast adaptation is investigated. The Lempel-Ziv complexity analysis reveals that the complexity of the neural spike train decreases after contrast adaptation. This implies that the behaviour of the neuron becomes ordered, which may carry relevant information about the external stimulus. Thus, during the neuron activity after contrast adaptation, external information could be encoded in forms of some certain patterns in the temporal structure of spike train that is significantly different, compared to that of the spike train during spontaneous activity, although the firing rates in spontaneous activity and firing activity after contrast adaptation are sometime similar.     

Experimental Study on Electrostatic with Two Guiding of Supersonic D20 Molecular Beam Charged Wires

We demonstrate the guiding of a supersonic heavy-water （D2O） molecular beam using a hollow electrostatic field generated by the combination of two parallel charged-wires and two grounded metal-plates, and report some new and preliminary experimental results. In the experiment, we detect the guiding signals by using the method of time-of-flight mass spectrum and study the dependence of the relative transmission of the beam guide on the guiding voltage. Our study shows that the relative transmission of the beam guide is increased linearly with increasing guiding voltage Vguid, and the number of the guided D20 molecules is at least increased by 89.4% when the guiding voltage is ＋20.0k V. Finally, some potential applications of our guiding scheme in the molecule optics are briefly discussed.     

双离子(40Ar+,C2H6+)辐照合成金刚石纳米晶颗粒

用双离子(40Ar+,C1H6+)辐照实验完成了从多壁碳纳米管向金刚石纳米晶颗粒的转变.对转变机理进行了初步探讨.这一探索有望能成为一种金刚石纳米晶合成的新途径.由此可知,多重荷能离子辐照用于其他材料纳米结构的制备也不是凭空设想.