聚变堆第一镜材料块体金属玻璃表面特性

研究了块体金属玻璃（块体非晶合金）Zr65Al7.5Ni10Cu17.5, Co61.2B26.2Si7.8Ta4.8和金属多晶钼3种第一镜材料经低温等离子体H和Ar辐照后的表面特性变化。结果表明,两种块体金属玻璃的抗H等离子体溅射能力与其成分有关。随着等离子体辐照时间的增加,金属多晶钼和块体金属玻璃Zr65Al7.5Ni10Cu17.5的表面粗糙度增大,镜面反射率降低;而块体金属玻璃Co61.2B26.2Si7.8Ta4.8的表面粗糙度减小,镜面反射率升高。X射线衍射仪（XRD）分析表明,块体金属玻璃在离子体溅射过程中,表面微结构具有自修复性。     

星型两亲性聚己内酯-b-聚甲基丙烯酸(2-羟乙酯)嵌段共聚物的合成和表征

通过开环聚合(ROP)和原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)制备了一类新型的两亲性嵌段共聚物——六臂星形聚(ε-已内酯)-b-聚甲基丙烯酸(2-羟乙酯)(6sPCL-b-PHEMA).6sPCL-b-PHEMA通过三步反应合成:(1)双季戊四醇开环聚合ε-己内酯的合成6sPCL;(2)以2-溴异丁基酰溴封端星形聚合物制备大分...     

1,6-庚二炔类化合物的合成

溴丙炔与含活性亚甲基的丙二酸酯反应,合成了14个4-取代-1,6-庚二炔类化合物,其结构经1H NMR确证;4-二苯基磷酰基-4-乙酯基-1,6-庚二炔未见文献报道,其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR,IR和HR-MS表征.     

三组元变焦目镜的光学设计及其凸轮曲线的绘制

阐述了现代变焦距目镜的特点及其设计方法,给出了一种三倍变焦目镜设计的结构形式.这种变焦目镜结构紧凑,成像质量优异,可以取代传统的二倍变焦目镜,是一种有应用价值的变焦目镜形式.该设计将目镜的出瞳作为变量,使入瞳位置保持稳定以衔接物镜出瞳,并最终得到了一个8.24～24.1mm的变焦目镜.采用一种新型的方法绘制了凸轮曲线图...     

红外搜索系统中弱小目标检测算法研究

 复杂背景下低信噪比弱小目标的检测是红外搜索系统中的重点和难点,为解决红外搜索系统中杂波干扰多、目标信噪比低等问题,提出一种模板匹配滤波的目标检测方法。该算法在预测背景的同时,通过对图像背景灰度值进行动态的阈值处理,自适应地进行背景抑制。当背景包含较多复杂因素时,采用模板匹配滤波的目标检测方法,消除背景抑制后的残留杂波,实现弱小目标的提取。试验结果表明：当场景较复杂且图像信噪比较低时,使用该算法处理后可使图像信噪比达到4 dB以上,从而提高了弱小目标的检测概率。     

实现LED准直照明的优化设计

为了有效地利用光源能量,满足LED远场照明系统要求,提出了一种实现LED大视场角准直照明的自由曲面透镜设计方法.运用ZEMAX软件序列模式下的多重组态建立透镜结构,在ZEMAX的二次开发环境下,采用宏语言编写自定义优化函数,实现对光学系统的自动优化.通过得到的自由曲面面型数据,借助光学仿真软件进行模拟,模拟光源采用圆面...     

狭义相对论时空观中"课程思政"的探索与实践

本文提出了“狭义相对论时空观”实施“课程思政”的具体方案.从狭义相对论时空观的知识出发,深入挖掘课程思政元素,通过多种教学方式将其恰当、自然地融入课堂,潜移默化地将正确的价值追求和理想信念传达给学生,达到提高学生思想政治水平、完善学生人格的目的.以问卷调查的方式对“课程思政”教学效果进行评价和反馈,及时改进教学设计,提升教师自身“课程思政”的能力和素养.本文实现了狭义相对论中“课程思政”的“备”“教”“学”“评”的全部教学环节,立足“思政元素”与专业知识的契合点,探索了有机互融的教学方式,促进了学生知识技能上的“成长”和精神上的“成人”同向同行.期望本次教学实践能对“课程思政”建设提供一点思路和参考.     

Lithium ion batteries cathode material: V2O5

Among all the known electrode materials, vanadium pentoxide (V₂O₅) has high reversible capacity. It is a very valuable material for research of the complexity, rich structure and morphology. However, it also has some disadvantages, such as poor cycle stability, low discharge voltage, low conductivity and Li⁺ diffusion coefficient. In this regard, researchers have carried out a lot of research, such as using various methods to improve the nanostructures, introducing heterostructures, introducing point defects or cation doping in the crystal structure, etc. The electrochemical performance of V₂O₅ has been significantly improved in reversible capacity, high-rate capacity and long-term cycle stability. In this paper, V₂O₅ based nanostructure with different chemical composition are briefly introduced, and it covers V₂O₅ nanomaterials with different morphology, including 1D nanorods, nanobelts, nanotubes, 2D leaf like nanosheets and other nanosheets, and 3D hollow structures, porous nanostructures, porous eggshell microsphere structures. The composite nanomaterials of V₂O₅ and different carbonaceous supports are also introduced. Finally, the V₂O₅ composite materials doped with cations are discussed. The electrochemical performance of V₂O₅ based electrode can be improved effectively by obtaining appropriate nanostructure and optimized chemical composition.     

Plasmon-induced transparency effect in hybrid terahertz metamaterials with active control and multi-dark modes

We numerically demonstrate a photo-excited plasmon-induced transparency (PIT) effect in hybrid terahertz (THz) metamaterials. The proposed metamaterials are regular arrays of hybrid unit cells composed of a metallic cut wire and four metallic split-ring resonators (SRRs) whose gaps are filled with photosensitive semiconductor gallium arsenide (GaAs) patches. We simulate the PIT effect controlled by external infrared light intensity to change the conductivity of GaAs. In the absence of photo excitation, the conductivity of GaAs is 0, thus the SRR gaps are disconnected, and the PIT effect is not observed since the dark resonator (supported by the hybrid SRRs) cannot be stimulated. When the conductivity of GaAs is increased via photo excitation, the conductivity of GaAs can increase rapidly from 0 S/m to 1×10⁶ S/m and GaAs can connect the metal aluminum SRR gaps, and the dark resonator is excited through coupling with the bright resonator (supported by the cut wire), which leads to the PIT effect. Therefore, the PIT effect can be dynamically tuned between the on and off states by controlling the intensity of the external infrared light. We also discuss couplings between one bright mode (CW) and several dark modes (SRRs) with different sizes. The interference analytically described by the coupled Lorentz oscillator model elucidates the coupling mechanism between one bright mode and two dark modes. The phenomenon can be considered the result of linear superposition of the coupling between the bright mode and each dark mode. The proposed metamaterials are promising for application in the fields of THz communications, optical storage, optical display, and imaging.     

喀斯特城市水体面积变化对地表热场的影响

针对桂林喀斯特城市扩展、水体面积变化所引发的热环境问题,对美国Landsat TM卫星图像利用遥感模型反演桂林市1989年和2006年的地表温度和MNDWI水体指数,定量分析水体指数变化对地表温度的影响机理。结果表明,地表温度与水体指数呈负相关关系,地表温度随水体指数数值的增加而降低。随1989年至2006年桂林喀斯特城市规模的扩展,水体面积由占研究区总面积的4.6%降至4.4%,减少量占总面积的0.2%、占总水体面积的4.3%;桂林市两江四湖对改善中心城区的生态环境质量、缓解城市热岛现象发挥着重大作用。