h-BN掺杂Na2WO4-Mn/SiO2催化剂用于乙烷氧化脱氢制乙烯

采用混浆法制备了一系列六方氮化硼掺杂的Na2WO4/Mn/BxSiy催化剂,并应用于乙烷氧化脱氢制乙烯（ODHE）。考察了Na2WO4/Mn/BxSiy催化剂的ODHE反应性能,并详细探讨了反应温度、稀释气比例等条件对催化剂反应活性的影响。结果表明,h-BN的掺杂发现显著提高了Na2WO4/Mn/BxSiy催化剂C2H4选择性。Na2WO4/Mn/B5.0Si95催化剂在700℃时,表现出相对较高的活性并且CO2生成量极低（>70% 乙烯选择性,46.5%的乙烯收率,1.80%的CO2选择性）。通过X-射线粉末衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）、H2程序升温还原（H2-TPR）、O2程序升温脱附（O2-TPD）和C2H6程序升温脱附（C2H6-TPD）等手段对催化剂进行了表征。研究发现,h-BN的加入对改变催化剂表面元素的化学状态,形成了更多具有低温活性的物相,对抑制深度氧化起到重要作用。同时,h-BN的掺杂也调变了催化剂的导热能力,避免床层热点的形成,提高了C2H4的选择性。     

Droop improvement in blue InGaN light-emitting diodes with GaN/InGaN superlattice barriers

GaN/InGaN superlattice barriers are used in InGaN-based light-emitting diodes （LEDs）. The electrostatic field in the quantum wells, electron hole wavefunction overlap, carrier concentration, spontaneous emission spectrum, light-current performance curve, and internal quantum efficiency are numerically investigated using the APSYS simulation software. It is found that the structure with GaN/InGaN superlattice barriers shows improved light output power, and lower current leakage and efficiency droop. According to our numerical simulation and analysis, these improvements in the electrical and optical characteristics are mainly attributed to the alleviation of the electrostatic field in the active region.     

Enhanced performance of InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well solar cells with double indium content

The performance of a multiple quantum well （MQW） InGaN solar cell with double indium content is investigated. It is found that the adoption of a double indium structure can effectively broaden the spectral response of the external quantum efficiencies and optimize the overall performance of the solar cell. Under AM1.5G illumination, the short-circuit current density （Jsc） and conversion efficiency of the solar cell are enhanced by 65% and 13% compared with those of a normal single-indium-content MQW solar cell. These improvements are mainly attributed to the expansion of the absorption spectrum and better extraction efficiency of the photon-generated carriers induced by higher polarization.     

杂多酸/离子液体杂化材料催化苯的高选择性羟基化

制备了V取代的磷钼酸H_3+xPMo_12-xV_xO₄₀（x=0,1,2）及1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑溴盐离子液体（[C₄mim]Br）,并采用离子交换的方法制备了系列杂化材料（[C₄mim]3+xPMo_12-xV_xO₄₀,x=0,1,2）;采用X射线衍射（XRD）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、紫外-可见漫反射光谱（UV-Vis DRS）对所制备样品进行了表征;以H₂O₂为氧化剂,考察了所得样品催化苯羟基化制苯酚的活性。结果表明,和相应的离子液体及杂多酸相比,杂化材料的催化活性得到了很大的提高,尤其是催化剂[C₄mim]₅PMo₁₀V₂O₄₀,在优化后的条件下,苯的转化率可达到21%,苯酚的选择性在99%以上。而且,该催化剂具有很好的可重复使用性,连续使用五次后,苯的转化率和苯酚的选择性没有明显降低。     

基于清洁氧源的金属卟啉配合物仿生催化氧化研究进展

细胞色素P-450是光面内质网上的一类含铁的膜整合蛋白, 其核心结构是铁卟啉配合物, 它是生命体中P-450酶系的末端氧化酶[1]. 金属卟啉配合物作为细胞色素P-450酶活性中心的类似物, 因其能够在温和条件下, 高活性、高选择性地催化烃类、醇类等有机底物的氧化, 而受到人们的广泛关注[2].