淋洗剂凝胶渗透色谱研究环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷-环氧乙烷三嵌段共聚物胶束溶液对苯乙醇的增溶作用

提出了用凝胶渗透色谱研究胶束溶液增溶作用的新方法，并给出了环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷-环氧乙烷三嵌段共聚物F127胶束溶液苯乙醇的实验结果。实验方便快捷，原理直观明了。在获得增溶作用参数的同时还能得到胶束-自由链平衡的重要信息。     

Investigation on the response factors of concentration detectors within sec process

The response factors of refractive index(RI) and ultraviolet(UV) detectors of size exclusion chromatography (SEC) defined as the ratio of area of output signal to the mass of injected sample are studied and analyzed by using five narrowly distributed polystyrene(PS) standard samples with known molar masses.It is found that the individual response factor for a given sample varies with the concentration of the injected solution within a limited range bounded by an upper and a lower limiting response factor values.This variation reveals the conformational change of the polymer chains with the concentration of the injected solution.The dynamic contact concentrations c_s of the PS samples derived from the response factor data are in good accordance with those reported earlier by other methods.The physical meanings of the signals of the two detectors are further analyzed and theoretically formulated.The solvation of the polymer chain and the conformation changes play an important role in these detecting systems.Both of the solvation number of the structural repeating unit and the extra embedded solvent due to cluster forming in higher concentrations could be deduced from the variation of response factor with the concentration of the injected solution.     

牛血清白蛋白在医用聚氨酯弹性体表面的吸附

制备了具有较好机械性能的异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)型聚氨酯弹性体胶片, 并进行表面肝素化处理, 得到抗凝血医用导管材料. 将聚氨酯胶片浸泡在牛血清白蛋白(BSA)水溶液中, 利用稀溶液黏度法研究了牛血清白蛋白在聚氨酯胶片表面的动态吸附情况, 并采用界面校正黏度方程计算溶液浓度变化. 研究发现, 牛血清白蛋白分子能迅速吸附到聚氨酯胶片表面, 但达到吸附平衡需要较长时间. 牛血清白蛋白在聚氨酯表面吸附后的溶液中分子构象发生变化.     

高分子在溶液中的链叠加度

从高分子线团密度存在浓度依赖性角度出发,导出了从稀溶液至浓溶液范围内高分子链叠加度与浓度的定量关系式.以链叠加度为高分子溶液的结构参数,关联了文献中6种分子量的聚氯丁二烯在不同溶剂和温度条件下溶液相对黏度的变化.这表明,高分子溶液的宏观性质与溶液中高分子链叠加度这一微观结构参数密切相关.     

避免电动搅拌器马达温度升高的简便方法

电动搅拌器是各种化学实验中最常用的仪器之一。例如,在恒温水槽里的搅拌,须要长时间的连续使用,马达温度往往上升得很高,以至转动失灵,机体损坏。这样就使得实验不能顺利进行,甚至前功尽弃,则损失更大。我们在装设需要长期连续保持恒温的恒温水槽时,曾使用定时电钥的设备,每隔一定时间(一或二小时),自动转换起动二个电动搅拌器,以避免马达温度过於升高。定时电钥是利用一个普通电钟做成的。将一片薄铜片剪成图1的形状,在中央打     

SIMULTANEOUS CALIBRATION OF MOLECULAR WEIGHT SEPARATION AND COLUMN DISPERSION OF SEC WITH CHARACTERIZED POLYMER STANDARDS

With the aid of the theoretical relationship between the calibration relation of a SEC column for the monodisperse polymer species under ideal working condition and the effective relations between the molecular weight and the elution volume for characterized polymer samples, a computational procedure for simultaneous calibration of molecular weight separation and column dispersion is proposed. From the experimental chromatograms of narrow MWD polystyrene standards and broad MWD 1,2-polybutadiene fractions the spreading factors of a SEC column was deduced by the proposed method. The variation of the spreading factor with the elution volume is independent upon the polymer sample used.     

粘度法测量高分子在玻璃表面上的吸附层厚度

高分子在固体表面上的吸附层厚度对了解其结构具有重要意义．厚度的测量通常采用椭圆偏振法、流体力学法和沉降法等几种方法来测量［１］．流体力学法始创于５０年代中期Ｏｈｒｎ［２］对极稀高分子溶液粘度异常行为的解释．由于高分子在粘度计的毛细管管壁上的吸附,致使...     

稀土催化聚合的顺式聚丁二烯的单分散粘度方程

对十一个未经分级的多分散稀土顺丁橡胶试样作了渗透压和粘度的测量,计算得到的数均分子量_n及特性粘数[<η>]列于表中。     

顺式聚异戊二烯的微凝胶与粘度方程

用Guinier方法对稀土催化聚合的聚异戊二烯级份的光散射数据作了处理,判定了其中含有的微凝胶量,从而订定了溶胶部份线型聚异戊二烯的单分散粘度方程。     

羧酸离子在水中的水合数

本文从溶质分子在水中溶解时会发生水合作用的观点出发,重新审视了四种小分子羧酸在水溶液中的电导数据,解释了其离子迁移速率随羧酸溶液浓度的变化规律,并提出了一种简便方法来计算羧酸离子在水溶液中的离子水合数。