Study on incident laser modulation using surface micro-defects on KH2PO4 crystal

KH2PO4 crystal is a crucial optical component of inertial confinement fusion. Modulation of an incident laser by surface micro-defects will induce the growth of surface damage, which largely restricts the enhancement of the laser induced damage threshold. The modulation of an incident laser by using different kinds of surface defects are simulated by employing the three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain method. The results indicate that after the modulation of surface defects, the light intensity distribution inside the crystal is badly distorted, with the light intensity enhanced symmetrically. The relations between modulation properties and defect geometries （e.g., width, morphology, and depth of defects） are quite different for different defects. The modulation action is most obvious when the width of surface defects reaches 1.064 p-m. For defects with smooth morphology, such as spherical pits, the degree of modulation is the smallest and the light intensity distribution seems relatively uniform. The degree of modulation increases rapidly with the increase of the depth of surface defects and becomes stable when the depth reaches a critical value. The critical depth is 1.064 μm for cuboid pits and radial cracks, while for ellipsoidal pits the value depends on both the width and the length of the defects.     

Effect of structural parameters of Gaussian repaired pit on light intensity distribution inside KH_2PO_4 crystal

KH2PO4 （KDP） crystal with excellent optical properties is a very important element of inertial confinement fusion （ICF） device. However, KDP crystal surface micro-defects severely reduce the crystal laser damage threshold, affecting the crystal service life. In this paper, Gaussian repaired pit is used to replace the crystal surface micro-defects, in order to improve the laser damage resistance of the KDP crystal with surface micro-defects. At first, the physical model of Gaussian repaired pit is built by Fourier model method, and the accuracy of the method is analyzed. It is found that the calculation error can be reduced by increasing the product of the width-period ratio and the truncation constant of the repaired pit. The calculation results about the physical model of Gaussian repaired pit show that the light intensity distribution within the crystal is symmetrical, and there are evidently enhanced light intensity regions in the crystal. Meanwhile, the maximum relative intensity inside the KDP crystal decreases gradually with the increase of the width of the Gaussian repaired pit. Secondly, the Gaussian repaired pits with different widths and the same depth of 20 μm are processed by micro-milling. Their surfaces are very smooth and present the ductile cutting state under the microscope. Finally, the laser damage threshold of the Gaussian repaired pits on the surface of the KDP crystal sample is measured by a 3 ω, 6-ns laser. The results showthat the maximum threshold of the Gaussian repaired pits is 3.12 J/cm2, which is 60% higher than the threshold of initial damage point, and the laser damage threshold increases with the increase of the width of the Gaussian repaired pit.     

基于多信息融合回流离子特性的实验研究

 简要介绍了回流离子特性参数的检测要求,分析了多种不同检测方法的特点,进行了离子检测综合实验方案的设计。介绍了激光干涉+分幅相机测量、法拉第筒测量、基于单晶硅片的固体径迹测量3种实验方法及实验结果的分析过程,对各自的原始实验数据进行了具体分析,给出了分析结果。对3种实验方法的分析结果,采用信息融合技术,对电子束打靶时所产生的回流离子的种类、运动速度和密度等特性给出了综合性的分析结论,有助于进一步正确认识束靶作用区的物理特性。     

电子束与靶作用产生的回流离子诊断方法初步研究

文章分析和介绍了国际上回流离子诊断的必要性和方法.针对回流离子主要参数(密度、运动速度、种类等)测量的需要,具体介绍了激光干涉测量法、法拉第筒测量法、Langmuir探针测量法、固体径迹测量法的基本原理、特点和局限性,并进行了具体实验方案的设计和可能实验结果的分析计算,其中提出了基于探针测量法测量回流离子的基本思想和实现方案.文章作者基于信息融合技术的基本思想,在对上述有关离子特性测量方法进行具体分析的基础上,提出了一个综合诊断方案,并对可能的结果进行了估计.     

基于区域分解的双调和方程的混合元近似解的分裂外推

本文主要讨论了基于区域分解的双调和方程的混合元近似解的分裂外推。并得到解的多变量展开。     

基于三磷酸腺苷-L-半胱氨酸功能化纳米银比色法检测水中痕量Hg2+

基于L-半胱氨酸(L-Cys)和三磷酸腺苷(ATP)功能化的纳米银(AgNPs)建立了一种检测环境水样中Hg2+的比色方法.L-Cys和ATP共同修饰的AgNPs(ATP-L-Cys-AgNPs),在水溶液中分散性良好,经紫外-可见光谱扫描显示在386 nm处有强吸收峰.在pH 9.5条件下,Hg2+可与ATP-L-C...     

渣油及超临界戊烷精密分离馏分碳化的研究

采用超临界流体精密分离（ＳＣＦＥ）的方法将辽河减压渣油切割成多个窄馏分,在４３０℃、常压条件下对各馏分进行不同时间（２～１７ｈ）的热处理,测定了反应残余物的Ｈ／Ｃ元素比并在正交偏光下对反应残余物的光学显微结构进行观察。对渣油及其超临界戊烷精密分离馏分的热反应性能及反应残余物性质与原料性质的关系进行了讨论。研究结果表明：渣油组成的变化对其在碳化过程中的中间相形成、发展有十分重要的影响,采用ＳＣＦＥ可以将渣油切割为具有不同族组成的窄馏分,窄馏分的碳化试验表明,对组成适宜的窄馏分,在反应中可以形成各向异性发达的中间相,ＳＣＦＥ是一种改善重质烃类混合物碳化性能的有效技术。     

沥青水浆不同结构分散剂的成浆性能研究

对脱油沥青水浆中不同结构分散剂的成浆性能和分散剂用量进行了研究,并探讨了分散剂添加方法对沥青水浆的影响,提出了结构相似相容的沥青水浆的分散剂研制和选型方法以及分散剂最可几摩尔用量的概念。实验结果表明硬沥青水浆最佳分散剂应是自身改性的磺酸盐,符合沥青水浆HLB值要求。分散剂最可几用量的确定,有助于根据工业具体要求确定最佳用量,即流动性、稳定性都满足工业要求的分散剂最经济用量。所用分散剂溶于水,多段添加的湿式粉碎成浆可制取高浓度、低粘度、稳定性好的硬沥青水浆。     

基于多信息融合回流离子特性的实验研究

简要介绍了回流离子特性参数的检测要求,分析了多种不同检测方法的特点,进行了离子检测综合实验方案的设计。介绍了激光干涉+分幅相机测量、法拉第筒测量、基于单晶硅片的固体径迹测量3种实验方法及实验结果的分析过程,对各自的原始实验数据进行了具体分析,给出了分析结果。对3种实验方法的分析结果,采用信息融合技术,对电子束打靶时所产生的回流离子的种类、运动速度和密度等特性给出了综合性的分析结论,有助于进一步正确认识束靶作用区的物理特性。     

神龙一号轫致辐射靶靶区回流离子测量

神龙一号直线感应加速器（LIA）产生的强流高功率的脉冲电子束与 X光转换靶作用后可以产生高剂量的X光,同时由于转换靶的被烧蚀破坏在靶面产生回流离子,该回流离子的存在影响到电子束的聚焦。设计了4套法拉第筒及其对应的偏压电路,法拉第筒被放置在神龙一号X光转换靶上游不同位置,分布在电子束轴线两侧,电路设计最高偏压为1 kV;对神龙一号LIA 的X光转换靶面产生的回流离子进行了实验测量,分别得到回流正离子密度约在1021/m3,离子运动速度可达2～3 mm/s。计算比较表明,该离子流强度与神龙一号靶前电子束流相差很大,只有电子束流强的0.27%,对神龙一号电子束聚焦不会造成影响。