Laser-induced fluorescence experimental spectroscopy and theoretical calculations of uranium monoxide

As a model molecule of actinide chemistry, UO molecule plays an important role in understanding the electronic structure and chemical bonding of actinide-containing species. We report a study of the laser-induced fluorescence spectra of the U¹⁶O and U¹⁸O using two-dimensional spectroscopy. Several rotationally resolved excitation spectra were investigated. Accurate molecular rotational constants and equilibrium internuclear distances were reported. Low-lying electronic states information was extracted from high resolution dispersed fluorescence spectra and analyzed by the ligand field theory model. The configuration of the ground state was determined as U²⁺(5f³7s)O^2-. The branching ratios, and the vibrational harmonic and anharmonic parameters were also obtained. Radiative lifetimes were determined by recording the time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. Transition dipole moments were calculated using the branching ratios and the radiative lifetimes. These findings were elucidated by using quantum-chemical calculations, and the chemical bonding was also analyzed. The findings presented in this work will enrich our understanding of actinide-containing molecules.     

基于表面增强拉曼光谱的多组分物质分类识别

为提高混合物质组分识别的准确性、降低建模的复杂度,构建了一种先粗分、后细分的递进式表面增强拉曼光谱检测系统.首先,用一种特征峰判别算法对全部样本进行特征提取并建立粗分模型,以分离单组分和多组分物质.然后,联合归一化与主成分分析法完成光谱特征的自动提取,并建立多输出最小二乘支持向量机细分模型.最后,采用粒子群优化算法进行参数寻优,实现多组分样本成分的精确预测.选用罗丹明6G、耐尔蓝和结晶紫三种探针分子进行实验,结果表明,特征峰判别算法提取样本特征的正确率达到99.44％,粗分模型对90例盲测样本全部识别正确;细分模型对多组分样本识别的相关系数不小于0.995,均方根误差不大于2.67343％.该拉曼检测系统能实现样本的定性、定量检测,为药品等复杂物质的检测提供了一种有效的识别途径.     

甲烷-煤尘爆炸物火焰传播特性

 在10 m³的爆炸罐中对体积分数为8%的甲烷和75 g/m³煤尘的混合物进行了系统的燃烧爆炸实验。分别利用光测方法和压力方法得到了爆炸物的层流燃烧速度、火焰传播速度、火焰厚度、马克斯坦长度以及爆炸特征值的变化规律。结果表明,在常温常压下,当点火能为40 J时：利用光测法得到的8%甲烷与75 g/m³煤尘混合物的燃烧速度为0.437 m/s,而根据压力-时间关系得到的混合物燃烧速度为0.459 m/s,两者符合较好;用火焰厚度与马克斯坦长度判定的火焰发展趋势相同,即向外传播的火焰趋于稳定;爆炸物的爆炸特征值最大值出现在0.5 m处,壁面的爆炸特征值偏小。     

连续变量量子密钥分发的数据逆向协调

基于多级编码/多级译码(MLC/MSD)系统实现了连续变量量子密钥分发的逆向数据协调。讨论了高斯连续变量量化过程中使互信息量最大时最佳量化区间的选取,并且通过理论计算给出了信噪比为4dB的情况下各级等价信道的最佳码率。协调方案中选择低密度奇偶校验码(LDPC)作为信道编码,结合边信息译码原理最终通过LDPC迭代译码算法实现了数据的逆向协调。     

基于小型电磁动力驱动器的微流道混合控制研究

对于许多微流体应用系统来说,流体的混合是至关重要的.本文研究了基于电磁流体动力混合器的微流道主动混合控制方法,建立了该微流道混合系统的理论模型并进行了数值模拟.在交变Lorentz驱动下,流经混合器流道的流体及其分界面在混合器流道内往复运动,流体界面的反复折叠与流体局部流动使流体混合,流体的横向往复运动使流体分界面反复折叠从而使流体间的接触面积大大增加.对流体混合过程进行了讨论并给出了漉体混合程度评价方法.     

Oseen方程的一种新的局部投影稳定化方法

对Oseen方程提出一种新的局部投影稳定化有限元方法,并且速度和压力采用inf-sup稳定的非协调有限元空间逼近．局部投影稳定化项仅加在子网格上(H≥h);与RFB方法相比,该方法稳定性项简单,并且可以克服对流占优．最后,通过实验证明,数值结果和理论结果完全一致．     

基于光学沃尔什变换特征提取的图像匹配

采用光电结合的方法实现了沃尔什 （Walsh）分量变换,提出出反映图像主要特征的分量,用于大容量图像库的内容匹配查找,基于以非相干光相关器为核心的光电混合图像处理系统,实现了基于光学沃尔什变换特征提取的图像匹配算法。     

THE EXACT SOLUTIONS OF THE BURGERS EQUATION AND HIGHER-ORDER BURGERS EQUATION IN (2+1) DIMENSIONS

Some exact solutions of the Burgers equation and higher-order Burgers equation in (2+1) dimensions are obtained by using the extended homogeneous balance method. In these solutions there are solitary wave solutions, close formal solutions for the initial value problems of the Burgers equation and higher-order Burgers equation, and also infinitely many rational function solutions. All of the solutions contain some arbitrary functions that may be related to the symmetry properties of the Burgers equation and the higher-order Burgers equation in (2+1) dimensions.     

化学教学中的实行讨论式的尝试

通过典型课例的教案、学案、学生与教师的评价,阐述讨论式教学明利于培养发展学生创新精神和创新能力,有利于学生全面发展的一种化学教学模式。