基于FTIR与UV-Vis的Ce-La/TiO_2光-湿-热复合材料制备机理

为获得具有调温调湿且能够进行光催化降解有害物质的多功能复合材料,利用溶胶-凝胶法制备Ce-La/TiO_2空心微球,以Ce-La/TiO_2空心微球为载体材料,采用真空吸附法将相变材料——癸酸-棕榈酸填充在Ce-La/TiO_2空心微球的空腔中制备具有光-湿-热协同性能的Ce-La/TiO_2复合材料。采用傅里叶红外光谱仪(FTIR)对制备过程中主要阶段的产物进行测试,研究SiO2模板的构建作用,表面活性剂聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)的衔接作用,癸酸-棕榈酸的嵌入对Ce-La/TiO_2空心微球的影响,利用紫外-可见分光光谱仪(UV-Vis)对Ce-La/TiO_2复合材料的光响应范围进行测试,研究Ce-La共掺杂对TiO_2空心微球光响应能力的影响,采用扫描电镜(SEM)对Ce-La/TiO_2复合材料的微观形貌进行表征分析,进一步阐明Ce-La/TiO_2复合材料制备机理。结果表明,氨水提供的碱环境有利于正硅酸乙酯缩合反应,在780.00cm-1处生成Si—O—Si基团,搭建SiO2网络骨架,形成内核,作为支撑TiO_2壁材的模板,构建TiO_2的空腔结构;表面活性剂PVP的添加,在1 035.00cm-1处形成—C—N—基团,有利于TiO_2附着在SiO2的表面;高温煅烧能够有效去除PVP避免杂质离子引入到Ce-La/TiO_2复合材料体系中。Ce-La共掺杂使Ce-La/TiO_2复合材料的吸收边带发生红移,提高在可见光下的催化降解能力,同时在1 630.00cm-1处出现—OH基团能够提高CeLa/TiO_2复合材料的亲水性。癸酸-棕榈酸较好的填充于Ce-La/TiO_2空心微球的空腔中,各组分的特征吸收峰没有发生明显变化,能够保持各组分的基本性能不变。     

Superconducting phase qubits with shadow-evaporated Josephson junctions

We develop a fabrication process for the superconducting phase qubits in which Josephson junctions for both the qubit and superconducting quantum interference device(SQUID) detector are prepared by shadow evaporation with a suspended bridge. Al junctions with areas as small as 0.05 μm~2 are fabricated for the qubit, in which the number of the decoherencecausing two-level systems(TLS) residing in the tunnel barrier and proportional to the junction area are greatly reduced. The measured energy spectrum shows no avoided crossing arising from coherent TLS in the experimentally reachable flux bias range of the phase qubit, which demonstrates the energy relaxation time T_1 and dephasing time T_φ on the order of 100 ns and 50 ns, respectively. We discuss several possible origins of decoherence from incoherent or weakly-coupled coherent TLS and further improvements of the qubit performance.     

Ga_2O_3改性Cu/SiO_2催化剂降低水蒸气催化重整产物中CO选择性

采用蒸氨法制备的xGa-Cu/SiO_2催化剂可以同时产生Cu~0和Cu~+物种,加入Ga后催化剂的二甲醚水蒸气重整反应活性和选择性都有很大程度的提高,其中5Ga-Cu/SiO_2催化剂在380°C时的二甲醚转化率为99.8%,CO选择性为4.8%。通过透射电子显微镜(TEM),氢气-程序升温还原(H_2-TPR),N_2O滴定和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)结果发现,Ga与Cu物种之间的相互作用,一方面可以提高Cu物种的分散度,另一方面可以促进Cu~+的形成。通过改变Ga负载量可以调变Cu~+/(Cu~0+Cu~+)的比例,氢气的时空收率结果表明,Ga通过调变Cu~+/(Cu~0+Cu~+)影响催化活性,并且当Cu~+/(Cu~0+Cu~+)=0.5时,氢气时空收率达到最大值为5.02mol·g~(-1)·h~(-1)。程序升温表面反应(TPSR)结果表明,Ga通过促进水气变换反应提高反应产物CO_2选择性。     

钙钛矿锰氧化物Lao.8-x Eux Sro.2MnO3(x=0,0.05)的磁性和磁熵变研究

本篇文章主要研究钙钛矿氧化物La_(0.8-x)Eu_xSr_(0.2)MnO_3(x=0,0.05)中A位掺杂铕(Eu)后对样品的磁性和磁熵变的影响.采用传统的固相反应法制备多晶样品,根据数据拟合得到XRD图像和晶格参数,通过对两样品的M-T曲线和M-H曲线研究发现:x=0和x=0.05两样品在高温区均表现出顺磁性,居里温度T_c分别为283 K(x=0)和284 K(x=0.05),且在居里温度附近表现出铁磁性.随着掺杂量增加,样品的居里外斯温度降低(θ_(x=0)=322 K、θ_(x=0.05)=304 K),表明Eu~(3+)掺杂改变了系统内的铁磁耦合.在7 T磁场下磁熵变的最大值分别为2.73 J/kg·K和4.19 J/kg·K,表明Eu~(3+)掺杂使得最大磁熵变值增大.对比制冷效率,发现该系列样品具有作为磁制冷材料的潜质.     

Characteristics and threshold voltage model of GaN-based FinFET with recessed gate

In this work, AlGaN/GaN FinFETs with different fin widths have been successfully fabricated, and the recessed-gate FinFETs are fabricated for comparison. The recessed-gate FinFETs exhibit higher transconductance value and positive shift of threshold voltage. Moreover, with the fin width of the recessed-gate FinFETs increasing, the variations of both threshold voltage and the transconductance increase. Next, transfer characteristics of the recessed-gate FinFETs with different fin widths and recessed-gate depths are simulated by Silvaco software. The relationship between the threshold voltage and the AlGaN layer thickness has been investigated. The simulation results indicate that the slope of threshold voltage variation reduces with the fin width decreasing. Finally, a simplified threshold voltage model for recessed-gate FinFET is established,which agrees with both the experimental results and simulation results.     

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利用朗缪尔探针和发射光谱两种诊断手段,测量了某固体工质等离子体发生器的喷流流场参数。结果表明,在输入功率为2kW时,发生器可持续稳定工作300s;发生器燃烧室内最高温度为800K。稳定工作时,发生器壳体结构正常,没有发现损毁现象;等离子体喷流的电子密度为1011～1012cm–3量级,电子温度为1.5～3.5eV。     

利用高温超导直流量子干涉器件进行10-6 T量级磁场下核磁共振的研究

研究了水样品在10-6 T量级磁场下的核磁共振谱.核磁共振信号由一个工作在液氮温度的高温超导直流量子干涉仪记录,测量在一个简易磁屏蔽室中进行.在7-70 μT的磁场范围内都观察到了15 ml水样品的核磁共振信号.相应的1 H的核磁共振频率为300-3000 Hz.在实验中获取的单次测量信噪比约为4,通过对信号的100次平均,信噪比可达到约40.进一步讨论了剩余磁场、预极化时间和采样时间对结果的影响.最后用数字滤波之后平均的方法初步得到了时域的自由感应衰减信号.     

A Novel Filter Scheme of Data Processing for SQUID-Based Magnetocardiogram

We present a new filter scheme for magnetocardiogram （MCG） signal processing based on the quasi-periodic characteristic of the signals. The key points of this scheme are to determine the exact numbers of data points in each cardiac cycle by using electrocardiogram （ECG） data acquired simultaneously with the MCG signal and to normalize the MCG data sequence in each cycle into an identical length. Compared with conventional filters, the scheme has the advantage of more powerful noise suppression with less signal distortion. The desire for having high quality output signals from raw MCG data acquired in a simple shielded room or even in unshielded environment may be realized with the scheme.     

用核物质近似计算半微观光学势 Ⅱ.非对称核物质情况

本文把在前文Ⅰ中所提出的用核物质近似计算半微观光学势的方法推广到非对称核物质情况,并通过对^20?Pb等核素的计算比较了SⅡ到SⅥ五种核力参数的好坏和适用范围,分析了光学势随非对称参数α的变化规律。计算结果表明在对称核物质情况下所得到的结论在非对称核物质情况下仍然适用。     

共聚焦超声换能器的声场优化与粒子捕获

超声悬浮被广泛应用于多个领域,目前主要有驻波式和相控阵式悬浮系统.基于共焦点排列的聚焦换能器结构,本研究提出了一种单边式超声悬浮系统.其基本原理是利用反相激励成对聚焦换能器在空间构建具有势阱结构的特定声场,实现微粒的捕获与悬浮.针对4个共焦点排列的聚焦换能器,基于有限元仿真研究了换能器轴夹角及激励相位模式对声场分布的影响;利用实验演示了系统的粒子捕获效果,验证了其势阱分布情况.结果表明,换能器轴线与结构中轴线夹角为45°时,势阱强度最高;换能器的激励相位分别为0,0,π,π时,声场中存在1处主势阱、2处次级势阱,可以捕获3处粒子团;换能器的激励相位分别为0,π/2,π,3π/2时,声场中仅存在1处势阱,只可捕获1处粒子团.该系统具有成本低、自由度高、稳定性强、操作便捷的优点,且能够实现单个位置或多个位置粒子团的捕获与悬浮,可以用于流体中高密度物体操控.