基于组合神经网络的时间分数阶扩散方程计算方法

该文首次采用一种组合神经网络的方法，求解了一维时间分数阶扩散方程.组合神经网络是由径向基函数（RBF）神经网络与幂激励前向神经网络相结合所构造出的一种新型网络结构.首先，利用该网络结构构造出符合时间分数阶扩散方程条件的数值求解格式，同时设置误差函数，使原问题转化为求解误差函数极小值问题；然后，结合神经网络模型中的梯度下降学习算法进行循环迭代，从而获得神经网络的最优权值以及各项最优参数，最终得到问题的数值解.数值算例验证了该方法的可行性、有效性和数值精度.该文工作为时间分数阶扩散方程的求解开辟了一条新的途径.     

铵浸钢渣熔融还原提铁制备微晶玻璃研究

利用氯化铵浸出钢渣,可有效浸取Ca元素并就地固定CO2制备碳酸钙,浸出后的铵浸渣由于CaO含量的降低,无需加入大量的改质剂就能还原提铁并制备微晶玻璃.基于此,引入热力学计算,对铵浸钢渣提铁并制备微晶玻璃的可行性进行探究,初步结果表明铵浸钢渣与40wt;的SiO2混合后进行提铁,铁的还原率高达98.47;,且还原渣物相主要为透辉石;由还原渣制备得到的基础玻璃在800℃下核化1 h,960℃下晶化1 h,得到微晶玻璃,其主晶相为透辉石,并夹杂部分钙长石;基础玻璃析晶活化能为597.4 kJ/mol,晶体生长指数均小于3,为表面析晶.     

不同形貌羟基磷灰石纳米颗粒的可控合成及其对骨肉瘤细胞生长的影响

制备不同形貌羟基磷灰石纳米颗粒,检测其对骨肉瘤细胞生长的影响.采用化学沉淀的方法,可控制备球形和杆状纳米羟基磷灰石,并通过透射电子显微镜（TEM）、原子力学显微镜、傅立叶变换红外光谱仪（FT-IR）和X-射线衍射仪（XRD）对所制备的颗粒进行表征.通过光镜和投射电子显微镜分析不同形貌羟基磷灰石颗粒对骨肉瘤细胞增殖和形貌的影响.结果表明,球形纳米羟基磷灰石对骨肉瘤细胞的抑制作用更明显.     

Characteristics analysis of acupuncture electroencephalograph based on mutual information Lempel-Ziv complexity

As a convenient approach to the characterization of cerebral cortex electrical information,electroencephalograph (EEG) has potential clinical application in monitoring the acupuncture effects.In this paper,a method composed of the mutual information method and Lempel-Ziv complexity method (MILZC) is proposed to investigate the effects of acupuncture on the complexity of information exchanges between different brain regions based on EEGs.In the experiments,eight subjects are manually acupunctured at ’Zusanli’ acupuncture point (ST-36) with different frequencies (i.e.,50,100,150,and 200 times/min) and the EEGs are recorded simultaneously.First,MILZC values are compared in general.Then average brain connections are used to quantify the effectiveness of acupuncture under the above four frequencies.Finally,significance index P values are used to study the spatiality of the acupuncture effect on the brain.Three main findings are obtained:(i) MILZC values increase during the acupuncture;(ii) manual acupunctures (MAs) with 100 times/min and 150 times/min are more effective than with 50 times/min and 200 times/min;(iii) contralateral hemisphere activation is more prominent than ipsilateral hemisphere’s.All these findings suggest that acupuncture contributes to the increase of brain information exchange complexity and the MILZC method can successfully describe these changes.     

一种黄酮衍生物的合成及其体外抗癌活性

以柚皮素为原料,通过对其结构进行修饰,合成了黄酮衍生物5-羟基-2-(4-羟基苯基)-7-(2-吗啉基乙氧基)-4H-苯骈吡喃-4-酮;利用核磁共振、元素分析及质谱确认了产物的结构,利用MTT法测定了其对人肝癌细胞(HepG2)、7721以及QSG7701正常肝细胞株的抑制率.结果表明,同槲皮素相对照,合成的黄酮衍生物对肝癌细胞具有良好的抑制活性.     

用快速低温冷冻和ESK方法分析兔脂肪栓塞脑组织中自由基

用快速低温冷冻-ESR实验方法研究兔脂肪栓塞模型脑组织自由基的变化,实验发现脂肪栓塞实验组自由基相对浓度是正常对照组的2-3倍。ESR检测到脂类过氧化自由基和以碳为中心的烷基类自由基的事实表明脂肪栓塞病变存在活性氧自由基作用过程。文中对快速冷冻法可行性进行评估。     

Ni(II)螯合物在氨基酸合成中的应用

Ni(II)螯合物诱导合成氨基酸是氨基酸合成方法中一类新颖且有工业生产价值的合成方法. 从合成方法学 、络合金属离子的优选、配体的改进、卤代片段的选择、合成氨基酸种类等方面介绍该合成方法的研究进 展.     

丹参脂溶性成分结构优化研究进展

丹参作为一种传统中药在临床上广泛应用于心脑血管疾病的治疗,对其有效成分及衍生物的研究一直是国内外的研究热点.丹参的有效成分主要分为脂溶性成分和水溶性成分,其脂溶性成分具有多种药理活性,但因其水溶性不足、生物利用度低的缺点限制了临床应用.为了能够推进丹参脂溶性成分的临床应用,研究人员以丹参脂溶性成分为先导化合物进行结构优化,以期能够提高其类药性.综述了近年来丹参主要脂溶性成分的结构优化及相关药理活性的研究进展,总结了主要脂溶性成分的成药性结构优化策略以及该类衍生物的合成方法,阐述了不同位置结构优化对药理活性的影响,旨在为丹参脂溶性成分创新药物的研发提供新的研究思路.     

无机及分析化学实验课“双轨型”教学模式改革与探索

针对无机及分析化学实验教学中存在的问题,探索"课内"实验与"课外"实践相结合的"双轨型"教学模式。介绍了"双轨型"实践教学模式改革的重要性、总体目标和架构;从改革教学方法、优化教学内容、倡导"绿色"化学等方面对"课内"实验教学进行改革;从教学内容、方法与组织等方面对"课外"实践教学进行探索;并对"双轨型"实践教学考核评价体系进行了优化,取得了较好的成效。     

The modulation of brain functional connectivity with manual acupuncture in healthy subjects:An electroencephalograph case study

Manual acupuncture is widely used for pain relief and stress control.Previous studies on acupuncture have shown its modulatory effects on the functional connectivity associated with one or a few preselected brain regions.To investigate how manual acupuncture modulates the organization of functional networks at a whole-brain level,we acupuncture at ST36 of a right leg to obtain electroencephalograph(EEG) signals.By coherence estimation,we determine the synchronizations between all pairwise combinations of EEG channels in three acupuncture states.The resulting synchronization matrices are converted into functional networks by applying a threshold,and the clustering coefficients and path lengths are computed as a function of threshold.The results show that acupuncture can increase functional connections and synchronizations between different brain areas.For a wide range of thresholds,the clustering coefficient during acupuncture and postacupuncture period is higher than that during the pre-acupuncture control period,whereas the characteristic path length is shorter.We provide further support for the presence of "small-world" network characteristics in functional networks by using acupuncture.These preliminary results highlight the beneficial modulations of functional connectivity by manual acupuncture,which could contribute to the understanding of the effects of acupuncture on the entire brain,as well as the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying acupuncture.Moreover,the proposed method may be a useful approach to the further investigation of the complexity of patterns of interrelations between EEG channels.