Imaging of human wrist joint by a flexible-transducer-based morphological-adaptive photoacoustic tomography: a feasibility study

In this study, the feasibility of visualization of human joints using photoacoustic tomography(PAT) is investigated. To verify this idea, the system of integrated optical fiber bundles and a custom-made flexible transducer is established, both of which give the advantage of morphological adaptation; therefore, the coupling section can be worn on human limbs. The imaging capacity of the flexible-transducer-based PAT system is validated by mapping the structures of the finger and the wrist joint. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time to achieve photoacoustic imaging of such large human wrist joints. The cross-sectional photoacoustic images of a healthy joint clearly exhibit the main internal structures, including the phalanx, tendons, and blood vessels, which are comparable with the corresponding images by 3.0 T magnetic resonance imaging.The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system holds promise for early diagnosis of joint disorders.     

光强变化对双中心非挥发光折变局域体光栅的影响

为研究局域体光栅的光折变形成机制及衍射特性,以双中心非挥发全息记录方案为基础,将带输运模型与二维耦合波理论相结合,采用数值模拟的方法.研究紫外敏化光强和记录红光总光强的变化对LiNbO3:Fe:Mn晶体中局域体光栅的影响,并给出定影结束时平均折射率调制、衍射光波振幅及衍射效率的模拟结果.研究发现:记录红光总光强不变时,平均折射率调制随紫外敏化光强增加而增加,而紫外敏化光强的改变对衍射波振幅的分布影响不大,衍射效率随紫外敏化光强度的增大先增大后减小,存在最佳紫外敏化光强,以获得80%以上的最高衍射效率.当紫外敏化光强不变时,随着记录红光总光强的增加,记录折射率光栅逐渐减弱,衍射波振幅分布变得越来越均匀.衍射效率逐渐降低.     

醚键保护的高炔丙基醇与芳基溴化物之间的Sonogashira偶联反应及在2，5-二取代-3-溴呋喃合成中的应用

本文利用简单的保护基团TBDMS取代了β位OH,成功实现了保护后的高炔丙基醇与取代溴苯在PdC12和PPh3催化下的偶联反应,成为少数的利用β-炔醇进行Sonogashira偶联反应的例子．其相应的偶联产物通过简单的去保护后可以得到β位OH双取代炔烃化合物,进而用于合成多种不同的2,5-不对称-3-溴取代呋喃,为烃类衍生物提供了一个新的合成方法．     

具有Monod-Haldane功能反应和脉冲效应的捕食系统的动力学性质

基于综合害虫防治,对具脉冲效应的Monod—Haldane功能反应的捕食系统进行了分析,根据Floquet乘子理论,获得了害虫灭绝周期解全局渐近稳定与系统持续生存的条件．并讨论了害虫灭绝周期解附近分支出非平凡周期解的问题,且文章利用Matlab软件对害虫灭绝周期解害虫周期爆发现象进行了数值模拟．     

两类离散哈密顿系统极限点型的判定

利用算子的谱理论及经典的不等式,讨论两类离散哈密顿系统,得出半退化型系统为强极限点型以及Dirac型系统为极限点型的一些判别准则．     

Thermodynamic and transport properties of spiro-(1,1')-bipyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate and acetonitrile mixtures:A molecular dynamics study

Organic salts such as spiro-(1,1')-bipyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate([SBP][BF4]) dissolved in liquid acetonitrile(ACN) are a new kind of organic salt solution,which is expected to be used as an electrolyte in electrical double layer capacitors(EDLCs).To explore the physicochemical properties of the solution,an all-atom force field is established on the basis of AMBER parameter values and quantum mechanical calculations.Molecular dynamics(MD) simulations are carried out to explore the liquid structure and physicochemical properties of [SBP][BF4] electrolyte at room temperature.The computed thermodynamic and transport properties match the available experimental results very well.The microscopic structures of [SBP][BF4] salt solution are also discussed in detail.The method used in this work provides an efficient way of predicting the properties of organic salt solvent as an electrolyte in EDLCs.     

正铁氧体SmFeO_3高压拉曼研究(英文)

本文主要通过高压拉曼光谱研究了正铁氧体SmFeO3的晶格振动模式在外加压力作用下的行为规律,高压实验中压力最高为29.7GPa。本文采用溶胶凝胶法,制备出具有正交结构,其空间群为Pnma的SmFeO3。在外加压力作用下,所有观察到的拉曼振动模式都呈现出宽化趋势。特别是位于621.1cm-1的FeO6八面体的反弹性振动模式Ag(1)与位于452.7cm-1的FeO6八面体的弯曲振动模式B3g(3),其压力系数出现最大值。与此相反,Sm-O振动模式Ag(7)的压力系数却非常小。这说明外加压力更容易影响到FeO6八面体的晶格变化,而不是SmO12十七面体的改变。SmFeO3的这种高压下晶格振动模式变化行为类似于G型结构的CaSnO3。同时,文中还给出了所有声子零压模式下的格林爱森参数与体弹模量的比值。这些参数可用于进一步测量单轴或者双轴的应变力,可深入理解声子频率在张力作用下移动的表现行为。     

Crystal structure and ionic conductivity of Mg-doped apatite-type lanthanum silicates La10Si6-x Mgx O27-x（x=0–0.4）

Lanthanum silicates La10Si6-xMgxO27-x(x = 0–0.4) were prepared by solid state synthesis to investigate the effect of Mg doping on crystal structure and ionic conductivity. Rietveld analysis of the powder XRD patterns reveals that Mg substitution on Si site results in significant enlargement of channel triangles, favoring oxide-ion conduction. Furthermore,an increase of Mg concentration significantly influences the linear density of interstitial oxygen, which plays an important role in ionic conductivity. The Arrhenius plots of La10Si6-xMgxO27-x(x = 0–0.4) suggest that Mg-doped samples present higher conductivity and lower activation energy than non-doped La10Si6O27, and La10Si5.8Mg0.2O26.8exhibits the highest conductivity with a value of 3.0×10-2S ·cm-1at 700?C. Such conductive behavior agrees well with the refined results.The corresponding mechanism has been discussed in this paper.     

棱镜分光光谱仪的光学系统设计与光谱特性计算

设计了离轴全球面成像光谱仪和离轴校正透镜棱镜分光成像光谱仪两种光学系统.在离轴全球面成像光谱仪的基础上,提出了改进型离轴校正透镜光谱仪,仅采用一个色散棱镜,避免了大口径同心透镜;有效校正了大视场像差,色散非线性修正效果显著.通过调节离轴角和光谱仪的焦距控制了畸变,补偿了与波长相关的狭缝弯曲,减小了残余像差,并降低了整个光谱仪工程实施的难度.从工程合理性、加工可实现性和光学性能等方面比较了两个系统的特点,推导和给出了光谱分辨率和狭缝弯曲的计算结果.从设计结果看,改进型离轴校正透镜光谱仪的传递函数最小值大于75％,而离轴全球面成像光谱仪的最小值只大于60％.从加工难易程度看,离轴全球面成像光谱仪采用一个接近Φ200 mm的石英透镜,其透射材料远不如改进型离轴校正透镜光谱仪透镜材料的均匀性和面形准确度高,而且大口径透镜大大增加了制备难度和成本.从工程布局看,改进型离轴校正透镜光谱仪充分考虑了与机械结构的匹配,狭缝与第一面反射镜的轴向距离较合理.从光谱特性看,两个光学系统的光谱分辨率结果基本接近,离轴全球面成像光谱仪光谱弯曲结果略好于离轴校正透镜结构.因此,综合比较得出离轴校正透镜光谱仪是最佳的选择方案,该系统可应用在短波红外波段的光谱成像的遥感探测.     

阻燃粘胶纤维的研究进展

粘胶纤维是一种性能优良,穿着舒适的再生纤维素纤维,一直受到人们的欢迎。由于生产过程造成污染,发达国家逐渐关停了传统粘胶工业,发展中国家成为粘胶纤维的主要生产国。粘胶纤维的主要缺点是极易燃烧,湿态强度低。为减少人员伤亡和火灾损失,有必要添加阻燃剂对粘胶纤维进行改性。本文参考了国内外大量文献,介绍了国内外广泛使用的阻燃剂及最新开发的新型阻燃剂,对阻燃粘胶的发展历史和现状进行了详细的介绍,探讨了阻燃粘胶纤维的未来发展趋势。