A silazane additive for CsPbI2Br perovskite solar cells

Adding additives into peroskite precursor solution has been proven as a simple and efficient strategy to improve the quality of peroskite films. In this work, we demonstrate an effective additive strategy to improve the quality of all-inorganic perovskite films by adding a novel silazane additive heptamethyldisilazane (HDMS). The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the optimized devices is enhanced from 14.55% to 15.31% with an open-circuit voltage over 1.26 V due to the higher quality perovskite films with lower trap density after the incorporation of HDMS. More interestingly, the HDMS devices exhibit superior humidity and thermal stability compared with the control ones. This work provides a simple and efficient strategy to enhance the device performance and stability of all-inorganic perovskite solar cells, which could facilitate its commercialization.     

Electric field simulation and measurement of a pulse line ion accelerator

An oil dielectric helical pulse line to demonstrate the principles of a Pulse Line Ion Accelerator (PLIA) has been designed and fabricated. The simulation of the axial electric field of an accelerator with CST code has been completed and the simulation results show complete agreement with the theoretical calculations. To fully understand the real value of the electric field excited from the helical line in PLIA, an optical electric integrated electric field measurement system was adopted. The measurement result shows that the real magnitude of axial electric field is smaller than that calculated, probably due to the actual pitch of the resister column which is much less than that of helix.     

壳聚糖单体溶胶凝胶煅烧合成LiFePO4/C正极

本文以壳聚糖单体为碳源兼凝胶剂,利用溶胶-凝胶煅烧合成了锂离子电池LiFePO₄/C正极材料,使用XRD和SEM对合成的材料进行表征. 用恒电流充放电测试了LiFePO₄/C电极的电化学性能,当壳聚糖单体与LiFePO4摩尔比为1:1.2时,600 ^oC煅烧的LiFePO4/C电极性能最佳,其粒径分布均匀（200 ～ 400 nm）,该电极0.2C倍率放电比容量为155 mAh.g^-1,30周期循环放电比容量仍保持152 mAh.g^-1,库仑效率为97.9 %.     

Nonlinear vibration of embedded single-walled carbon nanotube with geometrical imperfection under harmonic load based on nonlocal Timoshenko beam theory

Based on the nonlocal continuum theory, the nonlinear vibration of an embedded single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) subjected to a harmonic load is investigated. In the present study, the SWCNT is assumed to be a curved beam, which is unlike previous similar work. Firstly, the governing equations of motion are derived by the Hamilton principle, meanwhile, the Galerkin approach is carried out to convert the nonlinear integral-differential equation into a second-order nonlinear ordinary differential equation. Then, the precise integration method based on the local linearzation is appropriately designed for solving the above dynamic equations. Besides, the numerical example is presented, the effects of the nonlocal parameters, the elastic medium constants, the waviness ratios, and the material lengths on the dynamic response are analyzed. The results show that the above mentioned effects have influences on the dynamic behavior of the SWCNT.     

石墨相氮化碳纳米管的合成及光催化产氢性能

通过硬模板法,采用氰胺前驱物和二氧化硅纳米管(SiO₂-NTs)模板,合成石墨相氮化碳纳米管(CN-NTs)光催化剂。采用扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、傅立叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、氮气吸附/脱附测试、紫外可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)、荧光光谱、热重分析(TGA)等手段对CN-NTs催化剂的结构与性能进行表征。结果表明,CN-NTs的化学组成是石墨相氮化碳(g-C₃N₄),形貌为均匀的纳米管,且是介孔材料。与体相氮化碳(B-CN)和介孔石墨相氮化碳(mpg-CN)相比,CN-NTs的光吸收带边蓝移到440 nm,荧光发射谱的峰强减弱。在可见光(λ>420 nm)照射下,CN-NTs具有较高的光催化分解水活性,产氢速率为58 μmol/h,且表现出良好的光催化活性稳定性和化学结构稳定性。研究结果表明纳米管状结构能有效促进g-C₃N₄半导体激子解离,提高光生电子-空穴的分离效率,进而显著优化g-C₃N₄的光催化产氢性能。     

大尺寸密闭容器内天然气的爆炸超压场

以天然气体积分数在爆炸下限附近的天然气-空气混合物爆炸超压状态场为着眼点,在大尺寸容器中轴向和径向位置布置压力传感器,实时记录天然气体积分数不同的天然气-空气混合物爆炸后的超压发展过程。经过数据处理发现,在天然气爆炸下限附近,存在3种压力波形式且存在前导冲击波和二次发展形成的燃烧波共存的状态。不同天然气体积分数条件下爆炸压力沿容器轴向和径向发展过程存在明显差异,天然气爆炸径向超压变化不明显,轴向超压的发展趋势更适用于天然气爆炸发展过程的描述。     

基于启发式算法的密集波分复用系统波长优化配置

研究了基于G.653光纤的C波段密集波分复用传输系统中的波长配置方法,推导出了包含光放大器的多段光纤链路的四波混频(FWM)产物功率的解析表达式,引入了粒子群优化算法解决波长配置问题,同时得到了可行的16波信道配置方案.同已有的方法相比,粒子群优化算法支持的信道数更多（>=16）,四波混频效应得到了较好的抑制,系统性能明显得到提高.     

简谐载荷下嵌入式单壁碳纳米管动态响应的Magnus方法

基于两端固支的弹性梁模型,研究嵌入式单壁碳纳米管在横向简谐载荷作用下的非线性振动问题。利用Galerkin方法对运动微分方程进行近似处理,将原方程从非线性动力学系统转化到二阶动力学系统,对于二阶动力学方程采用Magnus级数方法进行求解。通过数值实验,分析了嵌入式单壁碳纳米管非线性振动幅频特性,根据非线性动力学理论分析了碳纳米管动态响应,结果表明倍周期分岔产生混沌。     

基于代理模型和等效刚度模型的加筋柱壳混合优化设计

针对轴压作用下的加筋柱壳后屈曲性能优化计算较大的问题,本文提出了一种基于代理模型和等效刚度模型的混合优化策略,即运用基于等效刚度的平铺模型进行有限元后屈曲分析以代替试验设计中大量的精细加筋模型分析,并通过控制等效模型的单元尺寸来调整其分析精度,而等效刚度模型计算时长仅约为精细加筋模型的1/3。对构建的代理模型采用多岛遗传算法进行极限承载力等约束下的轻量化设计,调用精细模型有限元后屈曲分析对代理模型进行更新,从而保证代理模型的拟合精度并得到优化解。工程算例结果表明,本文提出的混合优化方法,使加筋柱壳结构在满足承载力情况下减重效果明显。     

交流阻抗法研究苯酚在Sb3+,Ce3+掺杂SnO2/C/Ti系列电极上的电化学行为

采用溶胶-凝胶法合成Sb3+,Ce3+掺杂SnO2胶体前驱体,分别经XC-72R碳黑吸附后制备出一系列碳载氧化物复合电催化剂.利用电化学交流阻抗法(EIS)测试Sb3+,Ce3+掺杂SnO2/C/Ti系列电极的交流阻抗值及随电位和不同苯酚浓度的变化情况.实验结果表明,随着施加在工作电极的电位升高,苯酚氧化的阻力减小;苯酚浓度越大,钝化膜越厚,苯酚氧化的阻力越大.