Behavior of an Extended Dislocation near an Elliptical Blunt Crack

The behavior of an extended dislocation near an elliptical blunt crack is investigated. The equilibrium separation between Shockley partials and the critical value of stacking fault energy for the formation of extended dislocations by dissociation reaction as well as the extended dislocation emission criterion are developed. The results show that the equilibrium separation increases as the extended dislocation tends to the blunt crack. If the stacking fault energy is comparable to the critical energy for dissociation in a perfect medium, complete dislocations can dissociate to form extended dislocations near the blunt crack. The critical stress intensity factor （SIF） for extended dislocation emission increases with the stacking fault energy and the curvature radius of the blunt crack tip. Moreover, the critical SIF for extended dislocation emission is far lower than the critical SIF for edge dislocation emission.     

A high-efficiency Brillouin fiber ring laser

A high-efficiency Brillouin fiber ring laser is demonstrated using the standard single-mode fiber. The laser exhibits a 3.6-mW threshold. The output power is 22 mW with 40-mW pump power, and the maximum optical-to-optical efficiency is 5570. The output is single wavelength with a 3-dB linewidth of 5 MHz, and the interval of center frequency between the laser and the pump light is 11 GHz （0.088 nm）. It is shown that the stimulated Brillouin scattering threshold of ring resonator is lower and the energy transfer efficiency is higher than those in fiber.     

PtnNim（n+m≤5, n, m≠0）团簇结构与性质的密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函理论（DFT）中B3LYP方法,在Lanl2dz水平下对PtnNim（n+m≤5, n,m≠0）团簇进行了结构优化,预测它们的基态几何结构,并对基态结构的平均结合能、磁性以及五个原子团簇的振动频率和光谱进行了分析。结果表明：PtnNim（n+m≤5, n,m≠0）团簇的基态结构趋向于立体结构,三个原子团簇的基态结构都为三角形,四个原子团簇的都为四面体,五个原子团簇都为船型;它们的磁矩分为两个阶段,两个到四个原子团簇的磁矩为2μB,五个原子团簇的磁矩突增到4μB,且五个原子团簇的9个振动模式都即具有红外活性又具有拉曼活性。     

立足媒体特色 推进物理CAI教学

 随着教学改革的不断深入,宽知识面、大信息量的课堂教学模式使各种辅助教学手段在教学中的地位越来越重要,计算机辅助教学因其适用面宽、手段完善,已成为高校教改重要内容之一。几年来,我院立足物理附教媒体的特色,重点进行了大学物理ＣＡＩ教学的一些尝试,加大了课堂的信息量,培养了学员利用计算机研究和解决本学科问题的能力,促进了我院大学物理教学微机化力度,取得了较好的教学效果。一、ＣＡＩ在物理教学中的定位物理学是一门实验科学,观察与实验在教学中占有重要地位。媒体教学是大学物理教学的重要手段。投影片、录像片、演示实验和ＣＡＩ是物理教学的４大媒体,４者应相互配合、相互补充。     

SCANNING AUGER ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPIC INVESTIGATIONS OF MAGNETOSTRICTIVE NANOSCALE MULTILAYERS

The characterisation of thin magnetostrictive multilayers in the nanometerscale range [(4,5nmTb₄₀Fe₆₀/9nmFe)×100] demands a surface sensitive analytical technique. A suitable technique is scanning Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES) to determine the elemental composition, the thickness, the presence of interdiffusion between thin layers, or the presence of contamination at interfaces.Auger sputter depth profiles are obtained by using Xe-Ion bombardment to etch the sample.Sample rotation during sputtering produces shallow craters, minimises roughening and enhances depth resolution. In addition, Auger maps of the craters are used to reveal the separated magnetostrictive Tb₄₀Fe₆₀ layers and soft magnetic Fe layers.     

无自旋交换弛豫原子自旋陀螺非线性特性实验研究

采用基于圆偏振探测光的光纤Sagnac原子自旋进动闭环检测技术,实验测试了无自旋交换弛豫(SERF)原子自旋陀螺在两种不同抽运状态下的角速度输入/输出特性,发现了SERF原子自旋陀螺输出的非线性现象。基于SERF原子自旋陀螺理论,建立了非线性响应模型并进行仿真研究,仿真结果与实验测试一致。研究表明:SERF原子自旋陀螺的非线性由原子内在相互作用决定,与总电子弛豫率R_(tot)密切相关。     

基于RNN-CNN集成深度学习模型的PM2.5小时浓度预测

针对目前大部分PM_2.5预测模型预测效果不稳定、泛化能力不强的现状,以记忆能力较强的循环神经网络（RNN）和特征表达能力较强的卷积神经网络（CNN）为基础,采取Stacking集成策略对两者进行融合,提出了RNN-CNN集成深度学习预测模型。该模型不仅充分利用时间轴上的前后关联信息去预测未来的浓度,而且在不同层次上将自动提取的高维时序数据通用特征用于预测,以保证预测结果的稳定性。最后,对集成之前的RNN、CNN和集成之后的RNN-CNN模型,以2016年中国大陆地区1 466个监测站点的空气质量数据为样本进行实例验证,结果表明,RNN-CNN在PM_2.5时间序列预测上的表现明显优于集成之前的RNN和CNN,而且泛化误差更低,在34%站点上的拟合度超过0.97,该模型可用于大范围区域的PM_2.5小时浓度预测。     

高熵合金强韧化理论建模与模拟研究进展

高熵合金因其优异的性能受到广泛关注,如高强度、高硬度、高韧性、高耐磨、高耐辐照、高耐腐蚀、高电阻、高耐热等,有望应用于核能、航天航空等重要领域和重大装备。从高熵合金制备、组织结构以及性能表征等方面开展的实验研究表明其独特的性质依赖于高熵合金高熵效应、晶格畸变和扩散迟滞。在微观尺度以及宏观尺度, 理论模型和数值模拟为研究高熵合金微观机理和力学特性提供了一种方法。建立从高熵合金的微观结构与变形机理到宏观独特力学性能的联系是一个多尺度的科学问题。最近,基于实验观察结果,采用多尺度的理论与模拟方法（第一性原理、分子动力学、离散位错动力学、晶体塑性有限元、微结构依赖的理论模型）,研究了高熵合金层错能、弹性模量、扩散系数以及相稳定性,揭示了高熵合金变形与强韧化机制。本文综述多尺度计算在高熵合金力学性能和变形行为方面的研究进展,并对高熵合金在原位变形实验、高通量技术以及机器学习方面的研究进行简要展望。     

化学课堂笔记状况与学习成绩关系调查与思考

调查分析学生记课堂笔记的状况与化学学习成绩的相关性,提出相应的教学对策,开发全体学生的智力和能力。     

MICROSTRUCTURE AT THE INTERFACE OF TITANIUM CARBIDE AND NICKEL ALUMINIDES

Microstructure at the interface of titanium carbide and nickel aluminides in the samples obtained by infiltration of molten Ni₃Al alloy has studied by a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and an analytical transmission electron microscopy (ATEM) with an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). It is found that the morphology at the interfaces between hard phase skeleton of TiC_0.7 and metallic phases depends on the ratio of Ti/C in carbide. Some periodic zigzag fringes are observed at a smooth interface between metallic phase and carbides in the sample of Ni₃Al/TiC_0.7. The results of analysis using EDS show that Ti in TiC_0.7 carbide is easier than that in TiC_0.7 to dissolve into the molten alloy during solid-liquid reaction. The formation of this periodic zigzag fringe,which may be a growth zone of a new Ti-Ni-Al phase,in the interface of TiC_0.7/Ni₃Al would occur during the initial stage of solidification.