两相滴定法研究2-乙基己基膦酸单2-乙基己基酯从盐酸介质中萃取钕(Ⅲ)的动力学

本文利用两相滴定法作为分析手段,用恒界面池搅拌法考察了多种因素对2-乙基己基膦酸单2-乙基己基酯(HEHEHP,HA)从盐酸介质中萃取Nd(Ⅲ)动力学的影响,从实验结果推论出萃取过程为界面化学反应控制型机理。     

计算机最优化技术在分析化学中的应用

在分析化学中,研究分析方法、选择分离条件、确定分析仪器最佳操作条件等等,总希望所选择的方案是一切可能的方案中最佳的方案,这就是最优化问题。目前是利用现代计算机技术,按照一定的数学模型(或数据项),得     

钇提高YT14硬质合金耐磨性的机制

研究了不同Ｙ添加量对ＹＴ１４硬质合金显微组织、结构和耐磨性的影响。结果表明，在ＹＴ１４硬质合金中添加微量Ｙ，可显著提高合金的耐磨性。Ｙ的主要作用是均匀细化碳化物相和Ｃｏ相；提高Ｃｏ粘结相中Ｗ、Ｔｉ元素的固溶量及αＣｏ相所占的体积分数，从而提高Ｃｏ粘结相的强韧性；Ｙ在合金中形成Ｙ２ＷＯ６，表明Ｙ还可还原和清除碳化钨表面氧化膜，增强Ｃｏ粘结相与硬质相之间的结合强度     

Correlation Analysis of the Runoff of the Rivers and the Seisms in China

In recent hundred years the annual discharge variations of the Changjiang River (represented by the Yichang station) and the Huanghe River (represented by Shanxian and Tangnaihe, respectively) have closely related to the geographical distribution of the earthquakes coming about in China in the same year, Both the occurrence of the destructive seism or seismic swarm in the river basins and the disappearance of the shocks in the east and south of the basins are the conditions that the Changjiang and Huanghe Rivers are the high flow while that the strong earthquake of magnitude 7 or more occurred in North China is the condition for the Changjiang low flow year and that of 6 or more in the Qilian Mountains area is for the Huanghe River. In the latter part of this paper, a 2-year sample is given to explain that the conditions of the 2 rivers being high flow years are that the north-south seismic belt is active and in the meanwhile no seism occurred in South China, and those of the low flow year are that the     

SOLUBILITIES OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS AND DI-REGION THEORY

By using the relationship equation of Partition coefficients with water solubilities for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), we have estimated the solubilities of PAHs. In addition the high-performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC) method has been used for the indirect determination of solubilities of PAHs. t3ased on the di-region theory, We have studied the relationship of the solubilities of PAHs with carcinogenicity and introduced the solubility parameter into the di-region theory equation. The calculated carcinogenicity of PAHs from the obtained equation shows little difference from that calculated from Dai Qianhuan's equation.     

高分散直接甲醇燃料电池Pt／C阴极电催化剂的制备过程机理与表征

 通过调变的多元醇法制备了40％Pt／C直接甲醇燃料电池阴极电催化剂，应用透射电镜（TEM）及X射线衍射（XRD）方法表征催化剂．结果表明，由该制备方法可得到高分散，金属粒子粒径分布窄的高载量贵金属催化剂．TEM统计结果表明，调变多元醇法制备的40％Pt／C催化剂的金属粒子平均粒径约为2．9nm．直接甲醇燃料电池单池性能测试表明，该方法制得的40％Pt／C的电催化氧还原能力比同型商品催化剂更好．另外，利用UV－Vis光谱研究了催化剂的制备过程．结果表明，在调变的多元醇法中，Pt4＋的还原是一步完成的．     

FT合成沉淀Fe／Cu／K催化剂有效因子的计算Ⅰ．工业颗粒催化剂有效因子的计算

用包括水抑制作用的动力学方程，根据建立的反应扩散模型和ＦＴ合成化学计量关系，计算了工业原颗粒ＦＴ合成沉淀Ｆｅ／Ｃｕ／Ｋ催化剂在工业操作条件下的有效因子。根据不同的产物组成，建立了三种化学计量关系式，比较了气相反应和气液反应的有效因子，确立了ＦＴ合成沉淀Ｆｅ／Ｃｕ／Ｋ催化剂有效因子的计算方法。在ＦＴ合成反应条件下，产物蜡充满了催化剂的微孔，各组分在蜡中的扩散系数要比纯气相中的扩散系数小得多。在工况操作条件下（５２３Ｋ，２．５ＭＰａ，５００ｈ￣（－１），尾气循环比３．０），工业原颗粒（ｄ＿ｐ＝２．５ｍｍ，ｌ＿ｐ＝５～１０ｍｍ）催化剂的实际有效因子是纯气相反应的一半左右，计算的平均有效因子分别为０．４０和０．４２。     

制备纳米氧化锌的新方法

以草酸和醋酸锌为原料，用室温固相化学反应首先制备前驱物二水合草酸锌，后者在微波场辐射分解得到产物纳米氧化锌。用XRD，TEM和IR等技术对产物的组成，大小及形貌进行了表征。结果表明：产物纳米氧化锌为粒度分布均匀的球形六角晶系结构，平均粒径约为8nm。     

NUCLEAR PORE COMPLEX IN SPERMATOGENESIS OF BEIJING DOMESTIC DUCK——ELECTRON MICROSCOPE OBSERVATION OF FREEZE-ETCHING

The nuclear pore complex in spermatogenesis of Beijing domestic duck has been studiedby means of electron microscopic observation of freeze-etching. The structure of the poreobserved proves to be in accord with the model of the nuclear pore complex proposed respec-tively by Franke (1970) and Roberts et al. (1970). But its central granule may be present(1--3 granules) or absent. The granules are considered to be material in transit. The sizeand frequency of the pore vary with different types of reproductive cells, which is believedto be related to the cells' function. The pores concentrate on the side of nucleus near Golgizone in primary spermatocyte and near the proacrosome of spermatid, and this shows thefunctional variety of parts in the nucleus.     

囊泡表面分子间通讯交流体系的构建: 利用受体的分子识别行为调控酶的活性

在人工双层膜囊泡表面, 构建了一个通过人工受体的分子识别行为控制酶反应活性的超分子体系. 体系以生物体细胞信号转导系统为模拟原型, 由作为受体的烷基胺、被受体识别的信号分子吡哆醛衍生物、乳酸脱氢酶、受体和酶之间的媒介物Cu^2＋以及作为体系载体的合成肽脂囊泡五个成分构成．通过UV-vis光谱法及动态光散射测定对体系进行了评价, 结果表明: 随着受体疏水参数增大, 其对信号分子的识别能力增强, 二者呈良好的线性关系; 通过信号分子与囊泡表面静电相互作用的研究表明信号分子具有选择性; 媒介物与信号分子–受体可形成化学计量比为1∶2的配合物, 其形成能力比媒介物与酶的结合能力更强．作为结论, 体系中烷基胺受体对磷酸吡哆醛信号分子的识别有效控制了处于囊泡表面的乳酸脱氢酶的活性．