〈111〉晶向冲击加载下单晶铜中纳米孔洞增长的早期动力学行为

利用分子动力学方法模拟计算了单晶铜中纳米孔洞在沿〈111〉晶向冲击加载下增长的早期过程.测量发现不同加载强度下等效孔洞半径随时间近似成线性变化.观测到单孔洞增长的两种位错生长机理：加载强度较低时，只在沿着冲击加载方向的孔洞顶点附近区域有位错的成核和运动；而随着加载强度超过一定阈值，在沿冲击加载和其垂直方向的孔洞顶点区域都观察到位错的成核和运动.在前一种机理作用下，孔洞只沿加载方向增长；在后一种机理作用下，孔洞同时沿加载和垂直于加载方向增长.分析孔洞表面原子的位移历史，发现沿加载及与其垂直方向的孔洞顶点沿径向的速度基本恒定，由此提出了一个孔洞生长模型，可以解释孔洞增长的线性生长规律. 关键词： 纳米孔洞 分子动力学 冲击加载 位错     

The degradation mechanism of an AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor under step-stress

Step-stress experiments are performed in this paper to investigate the degradation mechanism of an AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor(HEMT).It is found that the stress current shows a recoverable decrease during each voltage step and there is a critical voltage beyond which the stress current starts to increase sharply in our experiments.We postulate that defects may be randomly induced within the AlGaN barrier by the high electric field during each voltage step.But once the critical voltage is reached,the trap concentration will increase sharply due to the inverse piezoelectric effect.A leakage path may be introduced by excessive defect,and this may result in the permanent degradation of the AlGaN/GaN HEMT.     

Efficient and stable wireless power transfer based on the non-Hermitian physics

As one of the most attractive non-radiative power transfer mechanisms without cables,efficient magnetic resonance wireless power transfer(WPT)in the near field has been extensively developed in recent years,and promoted a variety of practical applications,such as mobile phones,medical implant devices and electric vehicles.However,the physical mechanism behind some key limitations of the resonance WPT,such as frequency splitting and size-dependent efficiency,is not very clear under the widely used circuit model.Here,we review the recently developed efficient and stable resonance WPT based on non-Hermitian physics,which starts from a completely different avenue(utilizing loss and gain)to introduce novel functionalities to the resonance WPT.From the perspective of non-Hermitian photonics,the coherent and incoherent effects compete and coexist in the WPT system,and the weak stable of energy transfer mainly comes from the broken phase associated with the phase transition of parity-time symmetry.Based on this basic physical framework,some optimization schemes are proposed,including using nonlinear effect,using bound states in the continuum,or resorting to the system with high-order parity-time symmetry.Moreover,the combination of non-Hermitian physics and topological photonics in multi-coil system also provides a versatile platform for long-range robust WPT with topological protection.Therefore,the non-Hermitian physics can not only exactly predict the main results of current WPT systems,but also provide new ways to solve the difficulties of previous designs.     

碳纳米管的稳定性研究

石墨晶体结构遭到破坏时，总是碎化为微小尺寸的片状粉末.孤立的石墨烯片在其边缘存在大量的悬挂键，使得石墨烯片的能量较高，状态也不稳定.石墨烯片卷曲形成碳纳米管后，悬挂键减少，系统能量相应降低.另一方面，石墨烯片卷曲形成碳纳米管将产生相应的形变势能，形变势能的产生将抵消由于减少石墨烯片边缘上的悬挂键所带来的能量降低，使碳纳米管的能量可能高于石墨烯片的能量，导致碳纳米管结构的不稳定.在建立碳纳米管生成的力学模型并进行深入理论分析的基础上得出了碳纳米管可以稳定存在的最小直径约为0.32nm的结论.     

2MeV有箔注入器的束流调试

为２０ＭｅＶ ＬＩＡ建造的２ＭｅＶ注入器的束流技术指标经过一年多实验调试已达到能量２ＭｅＶ、束流３ｋＡ、亮度大于或等于１０＾８Ａ／（ｍ．ｒａｄ）＾２。建立了二维数字模型，对注入器的电子发射和束流传输过程进行了模拟，用模拟结果指导实验调试，并同实验结果进行对照，重点分析了有箔情况下自有的聚焦作用。     

O-(4-喹唑啉)羟肟酸硫代酯(酰胺)类化合物的合成及生物活性

用差示扫描量热分析研究了间规聚苯乙烯（ｓＰＳ）的非等温结晶及其动力学，并分别用Ｏｚａｗａ和Ｊｅｚｉｏｒｎｙ两种方法来处理ｓＰＳ的非等温结晶数据．结果表明，在２５～４０℃／ｍｉｎ的冷却速率范围内，ｓＰＳ的半结晶时间随冷却速率增大而呈指数式下降，ｓＰＳ非等温结晶过程遵循Ｏｚａｗａ动力学方程，但不符合Ｊｅｚｉｏｒｎｙ方法中的Ａｖｒａｍｉ动力学方程．所得到的ｓＰＳ非等温结晶Ａｖｒａｍｉ指数ｎ在３６～４１之间，高于等温结晶时的ｎ值     

超临界CO2布雷登循环热电联供系统多目标优化

本文研究了以超临界CO₂布雷登循环为原动机的热电联供系统,对系统主要运行参数进行了分析,得到运行参数对于系统热力学性能和经济性能的影响规律。同时,以一次能源利用率和单位输出成本作为目标函数,采用多目标遗传算法对系统进行了优化;在优化结果的基础上,通过TOPSIS法决策出最优解,并与单目标最优解进行对比。结果表明,透平进口温度、透平进口压力和压缩机进口温度的增大有利于系统效率的提高;作为代价,成本也相应增加。在热电比0~4范围内,尽可能增大热电比能够最大程度上降低系统的单位输出成本,提高能源的利用率。     

1,10-邻菲咯啉取代苷脲及其一维Ag(Ⅰ)配位聚合物的合成及晶体结构

合成了1,10-邻菲咯啉取代苷脲(L),并用L与硝酸银反应得到一维配位聚合物[AgLNO3]n,利用X-射线衍射方法测定了它们的晶体结构。L:单斜晶系,空间群P21/c,a=1.8545nm,b=1.2504nm,c=1.2818nm,β=108.476°,V=2.8192nm3,Z=7,F(000)=1176,finalGOF=1.093,R1=0.060,wR2=0.1654,。[AgLNO3]n:正交晶系,空间群Pca21,a=1.55149nm,b=1.04907nm,c=1.15892nm,V=1.8863nm3,Z=4,F(000)=1024,finalGOF=1.038,R1=0.042,wR2=0.110。晶体结构表明配体L与Ag髣形成了一维配位聚合物[AgLNO3]n。     

基于云理论的我国光伏产业产能过剩评估研究

基于云理论的评价方法,构建指标体系,利用云重心理论求出各指标的云模型,计算与理想状态向量的加权偏离度,以此衡量我国光伏产业产能过剩程度.该评价理论提高了评价结果的准确性,评价结果与实际情况吻合,表明该评价指标与评价方法具有较强的可操作性和科学性,并就此对光伏产业产能过剩的治理,提出了政策建议.