氢键双螺旋双核化合物的介电和磁耦合性质

制备了一个氢键桥联的双核Co（Ⅱ）双螺旋化合物[（L）CoCl]₂·2H₂O（L=6-甲基吡啶-2-甲醇）,并研究了它的介电和磁性质。磁性测试、HF-EPR谱分析和介电性质均表明,该分子内氢键在磁交换相互作用和介电性能中起着重要作用,从头计算对这一结论给予进一步证明。     

Crystal structures, phase relationships, and magnetic phase transitions of RsM4 compounds （R = rare earths, M = Si, Ge）

Our recent studies of the crystal structures, phase transitions, and magnetic properties of intermetallic compounds RsM4 （R = rare earths; M = Si, Ge） are reviewed briefly. First, crystal structures, phase relationships, and magnetic prop- erties of several 5：4 compounds, including Nd5 Si4-xGex, Pr5 Si4_xGex, Gds-xLaxGe4, La5 Si4, and Gd5 Sn4, are presented. In particular, the canted spin structures as well as the magnetic phase transitions in PrsSi2Ge2 and PrsGe4 investigated by neutron powder diffractions and small-angle neutron scattering are reviewed. Second, the crystal structures and magnetic properties of the most studied compounds Gds（Si,Ge）4 are summarized. The focus is on the parent compound GdsGe4, which is an amazing material exhibiting magnetic anisotropy, angular dependent spin-flop transition, metastable magnetic response, Griffiths-like phase, thermal effect under pulsed fields, antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic resonances, pro- nounced effects of impurities, and high-field induced magnetic transitions.     

混合磁体超导线圈低温传输线冷屏的设计与分析

对于低温传输线,冷屏是其重要的结构。文中在低温传输线冷屏结构初步设计的基础上,对冷屏屏体材料进行比选,计算分析了低温传输线在80K温区的漏热量,并采用Solidworks软件,对不同厚度的低温传输线冷屏的温度分布进行模拟分析,完成冷屏的工程设计。     

国外高校物理实验课程的特点分析

大学物理实验作为学生进入大学后接受系统实验方法和实验技能训练的开端,主要是让学生学习基本物理实验知识、实验思想、方法技术,培养学生理论联系实际、实事求是的科学态度和实践创新能力.为了提高我校大学物理实验课程的建设水平,对国外部分知名高校的物理实验课程开设方式和培养模式进行了调研,对我校大学物理实验课程的建设及发展方向进行了一些思考,也为国内高校的大学物理实验课程建设提供一定的参考价值.     

Ionospheric vertical total electron content prediction model in low-latitude regions based on long short-term memory neural network

Ionosphere delay is one of the main sources of noise affecting global navigation satellite systems, operation of radio detection and ranging systems and very-long-baseline-interferometry. One of the most important and common methods to reduce this phase delay is to establish accurate nowcasting and forecasting ionospheric total electron content models. For forecasting models, compared to mid-to-high latitudes, at low latitudes, an active ionosphere leads to extreme differences between long-term prediction models and the actual state of the ionosphere. To solve the problem of low accuracy for long-term prediction models at low latitudes, this article provides a low-latitude, long-term ionospheric prediction model based on a multi-input-multi-output, long-short-term memory neural network. To verify the feasibility of the model, we first made predictions of the vertical total electron content data 24 and 48 hours in advance for each day of July 2020 and then compared both the predictions corresponding to a given day, for all days. Furthermore, in the model modification part, we selected historical data from June 2020 for the validation set, determined a large offset from the results that were predicted to be active, and used the ratio of the mean absolute error of the detected results to that of the predicted results as a correction coefficient to modify our multi-input-multi-output long short-term memory model. The average root mean square error of the 24-hour-advance predictions of our modified model was 4.4 TECU, which was lower and better than 5.1 TECU of the multi-input-multi-output, long short-term memory model and 5.9 TECU of the IRI-2016 model.     

低温下冰的拉曼光谱研究

采用变温装置,在-30℃至-190℃温度范围内我们对冰行进了原位低温拉曼光谱测量.并利用光谱分析软件对冰的拉曼光谱带行进了分析,得到O-H键振动的三个拉曼峰随温度的变化规律.应用氢键理论对实验结果进行了分析,结果表明O-H键的ν3(E g)反对称伸缩振动和ν1(B 1g)不同向对称伸缩振动受氢键影响较大,并且ν3(E g)的拉曼峰位与温度成很好的线性关系有潜在的应用价值.     

稳态强磁场实验装置水蓄冷系统蓄冷过程分析及模式优化研究

分析了稳态强磁场实验装置(Steady High Magnetic Field Facilities,SHMFF)水蓄冷系统的特征,并介绍了安装于蓄冷罐用于验证自然分层法应用于该系统可行性的布水装置.利用冷水机组冷冻水进、出水温度变化对蓄冷过程中的斜温层厚度进行了概算,从而初步验证该布水器的性能.研究结果将为稳态强磁场实验装置水蓄冷系统是否采用自然分层法提高蓄冷量提供参考依据.     

基于正态逆高斯分布的篮子违约互换定价

主要讨论单因子模型的篮子型信用违约互换定价.目的是寻找一个快捷的方法来处理违约相关问题.采用了正态逆高斯分布对违约时间进行建模,得到了违约时间分布和篮子违约互换定价公式的半分析表达式,进一步地讨论了常数因子荷载扩展到随机因子荷载的情形.最后用数值模拟方法对比了正态分布和正态逆高斯分布两种模型下首次违约互换的价格.     

空气与高温烧结水泥颗粒球间气固换热规律研究

本文对空气与高温烧结水泥颗粒的气固换热规律进行了非稳态实验研究和数值模拟。通过实验分析了空气速度、颗粒初始温度、颗粒大小对对流换热系数的影响,水泥颗粒直径为8.88 cm和5.94 cm,水泥颗粒初始温度约为500℃和700℃,空气速度范围1～4 m/s,得到了实验范围内空气绕流烧结水泥颗粒的对流换热经验关联式。结果表明:高温烧结水泥颗粒冷却过程中辐射换热热流密度与对流换热热流密度相当,不可忽略;实验所得准则数Nu_f与Re_d的指数关系为0.5。对直径为8.88 cm的水泥颗粒对应的试验工况进行了数值模拟,数值模拟结果与实验结果符合较好,误差在20%以内。     

系统生物学中的物理问题

在20世纪末到21世纪初的十多年里,生命科学,特别是分子生物学发生了令世人瞩目的变化.生命科学研究飞速发展使人们相信21世纪是生命科学的世纪.与此同时,人们也越来越清楚地意识到生命科学研究的质的飞跃不可能由生物学家独立完成.数学、物理、化学、力学、信息科学在生物学研究中必将担任越来越重要的角色.文章通过介绍几个作者参与的系统生物学研究工作,探讨物理学在系统生物学中应该并能担任的角色.