搅拌棒固相萃取与液相色谱联用测定水样品中烷基酚类污染物

建立了简单、快速、灵敏测定水环境中的双酚A(BPA)、辛基酚(OP)、壬基酚(NP)的方法。以聚(N-乙烯基咪唑-二乙烯基苯)整体材料为涂层的搅拌棒固相萃取技术富集目标物,然后与高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器联用测定水样品中烷基酚类污染物。考察了萃取时间、解析时间、样品基质的pH值、离子强度等实验条件对萃取效率的影响。在最佳条件下,3种目标化合物的线性范围是1.0～200μg/L,检出限LOD(S/N=3)在0.13～0.66μg/L之间,定量限LOQ(S/N=10)在0.44～2.19μg/L之间。在对海水和污水处理厂的实际水样测定中,3种目标化合物的不同加标水平的回收率为37.8%～101.1%。本方法具有简便、快速、高效、灵敏等优点。     

金表面不同链长烷基硫醇自组装单分子膜表面电势的变化规律

从Helmholtz模型出发,对生长在金表面不同链长烷基硫醇自组装单分子膜(SAM)表面电势的变化规律进行了理论研究.利用量子化学软件Gaussian03和MOPAC,讨论了分子偶极矩、相对介电常数以及分子的倾斜角对SAM表面电势的影响.研究表明,不同链长烷基硫醇SAM中分子的倾斜角随烷基链长度的规律性变化是引起SAM表面电势变化的主要原因.从SAM形成机制出发,对金表面不同链长烷基硫醇SAM表面电势的变化规律及其成因提出了新的解释.     

氧化铜纳米晶的合成及性能研究

通过水热方法,合成出CuO纳米片,类纳米花等纳米结构,X光衍射表明样品为单斜CuO,透射电镜和高分辨透射电镜表征了样品的形貌和尺寸,观察到CuO纳米晶是由小的晶粒聚集而成的多晶结构。同时讨论了实验中各实验参数在合成CuO纳米晶时所起的作用： KOH具有促进CuO结晶的作用;十六烷基三甲基溴化铵可以控制反应产物尺寸;柠檬酸钠能够影响纳米粒子的排布规则程度,从而进一步影响CuO纳米晶的形貌和尺寸。另外我们还研究了CuO纳米片的光学性能和氮气吸附性质。     

Alternate Array of Zigzag（PbO5）n and（PbO6）n Polynuclear Chains in a 2-D Coordination Polymer with Diverse Coordinate Modes of Nitrate（NO3^-）

A novel metal-organic coordination polymer,[Pb2(NO3)3(Hmppdc)(CH3OH)2]n(1,H2mppdc=2,6-dimethyl-4-phenylpyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid),was synthesized from the reaction of H2mppdc,Pb(NO3)2 and CH3OH under solvothermal conditions.X-ray single-crystal diffraction reveals that 1 crystallizes in monoclinic,space group P21/n,with a=10.9883(13),b=7.3603(10),c=31.165(3),β=96.918(2),V=2502.2(5)3,Z=4,Mr=934.75,Dc=2.481 Mg/m3,F(000)=1736,the final R=0.0676 and wR=0.1310(I2σ(I)).Compound 1 contains two distinct 1-D polynuclear metal-oxygen chains((PbO5)n and(PbO6)n),which are bridged by ligands to build up 2-D metal-organic layers,and such layers are further connected to form a 3-D supramolecular network.The new compound exhibits strong photoluminescence in the solid state at room temperature.     

聚丁二烯有序多孔膜在热缩型聚乙烯膜上的收缩

采用溶剂散逸自组装制备了聚丁二烯(PB)有序多孔膜。水珠能在冷的高分子溶液表面凝结形成有序的阵列,溶剂蒸发后,高分子材料按照水珠排列的形貌形成了有序多孔膜。两性共聚物的加入能够起到稳定水滴的作用,从而确保多孔膜成为有序的结构。利用聚乙烯可收缩膜将聚丁二烯多孔膜收缩2次,得到长方形、梭形、条形和哑铃形的孔。孔的尺寸从微米级收缩至亚微米级,并对产生各种形状的机理进行了研究。     

多壁碳纳米管的纯化及其表面含氧基团的表征

用兼具酸性和氧化性的HNO3水溶液可方便地除去残留在原生态多壁碳纳米管(CNT)上的Ni-MgO催化剂组分,同时在其表面产生某些含氧官能团,使原生态多壁碳纳米管的疏水性表面变为亲水性表面.采用Boehm中和滴定法以及X射线衍射(XRD)、热脱附谱(TPD)、傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等技术对HNO3处理过的多壁碳纳米管的相组成和表面含氧官能团进行测量和表征.结果表明:所生成表面含氧官能团的总量以经7.0mol·L-1硝酸378K处理24h的CNT为最高;3种主要表面含氧官能团的含量高低顺序为,羧基内酯型羧基酚型羟基.     

光敏共聚物P(St/VM-co-MA)自组装胶体粒子及其性能

以苯乙烯类光敏单体7-(4-乙烯基苄氧基)-4-甲基香豆素(VM)、苯乙烯(St)、马来酸酐(MA)为共聚单体,采用自由基聚合法制备了光敏性双亲共聚物P(St/VM-co-MA).在选择性溶剂(N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)/H2O)中对P(St/VM-co-MA)进行自组装,用透射电镜(TEM)和动态激光光散射(DLS)表征了自组装胶体粒子的形态、粒径大小及其分布.利用紫外光照使胶体粒子中香豆素基元发生光二聚反应,形成交联胶体粒子,并用紫外-可见光分光光度计(UV-Vis)跟踪其交联过程.用DLS研究了交联和未经交联胶体粒子的粒径和结构稳定性,用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜(LSCM)和光学显微镜考察了胶体粒子的乳化、包覆性能.结果表明:交联和未经交联胶体粒子均具有乳化性,且在乳化过程中可实现对油溶性染料的包覆.胶体粒子交联后,粒径有所减小,结构稳定性、乳化性能、包覆性能均有所提高.     

低浓度甲烷甲醇深度氧化Ag/La0.6Sr0.4MnO3催化剂

Ag-modified La0.6Sr0.4MnO3 catalysts were prepared and their catalytic performance for deep oxidation of CH4 and CH3OH at low concentrations were investigated. The results showed that the La0.6Sr0.4MnO3 host catalyst with the perovskite-type nano-crystallite structure displayed considerably high catalytic activity for deep oxidation of CH4 and CH3OH at low concentrations. Ag modification to the La0.6Sr0.4MnO3 host catalyst resulted in significant enhancement of the catalyst activity, making the T95 (the reaction temperature needed for conversion of 95%of CH4 or CH3OH) lowered down to 735K (for CH4) and 421K (for CH3OH) from 813 and 465 K over the Ag-free system under the reaction conditions:0.1MPa,CH4/O2/N2=2/12/86(molar ratio),GHSV=45000 h-1 and CH3OH/O2/N2= 0.2/1.0/98.8 (molar ratio),GHSV=58000 h-1,respectively.The carbon containing product was almost CO2 and the contents of HCHO and CO in the reaction exit gas were both under GC detectable limit in both cases.
The results of spectroscopic characterization indicated that modification by proper amount of Ag-dopant did not change the perovskite structure of the La0.6Sr0.4MnO3 host catalyst as a whole. Interaction of Ag-dopant with the surface of the host catalyst,La0.6Sr0.4MnO3,was in favor of high dispersion of the Ag component at the catalyst surface and led to the oxidation of part of the Mn3+species to Mn4+,resulting in an increase of amounts of the reducible Mnn+ species and a decrease of their reduction temperature. On the other hand, this interaction led also to enhancement of adsorption ability of the catalyst toward O2 at relatively low temperature. High activity of the Ag modified La0.6Sr0.4MnO3 catalyst for CH4 and CH3OH complete oxidation was closely related to high redox-activity of the catalyst and its prominent adsorption-activation ability to O2 at relatively low temperatures.     

应用动态图形分析仪对失血性休克大鼠生理参数的处理

为评价动态图形分析仪对休克动物定量分析的可行性 ,应用其对SD休克大鼠相关生理参数及肠系膜微循环进行了动态研究 .第一次放血后的大鼠相关指标分别变化如下 :血压 (BP)从 115 .40± 10 .5 0mmHg(1mmHg =133 .32 2Pa)下降至 6 0 .10± 2 .70mmHg ;血液流速 (V)由 1135 .40± 11.2 5mm/s减慢为 989.2 3± 7.32mm/s;小血管口径 (D)从 12 0 .0 0± 2 .14μm缩小为 79.13± 1.18μm ;镜下血管数目由每视野 8根变为 4根 ;中心静脉压 (CVP)7.0 0± 0 .0 7mmHg降至 6 .80± 4.0 0mmHg ;血液流态由线流改为线粒流 .待BP回升或接近正常后第二次放血 ,则BP由 10 8.5 0± 5 .5 0mmHg降至 40 .40± 3 .2 0mmHg ;CVP由 7.15± 0 .0 1mmHg升至 9.6 6± 0 .0 2mmHg ;V值由76 .5 0± 2 3 .6 0mm/s减慢为 36 .72± 10 .2 0mm/s;D值由 6 0 .5 0± 8.12 μm增加为 75 .2 0± 9.6 5 μm ,且镜下血管数目增加 ,流态呈现粒流并出现摆流 .回输两次所抽血液后BP短时增高 ,其余指标无明显变化