不同水胶比混凝土内部温湿度长期变化规律研究

鉴于混凝土内部温湿度显著影响混凝土耐久性, 为研究混凝土内部温湿度长期的变化规律, 将不同水胶比混凝土放置于室内大气环境中, 并测量其距离表面3cm、5cm、7cm及9cm处140d内温湿度的演变规律. 研究结果表明: 正常室温条件下, 混凝土内部温度变化主要受环境温度影响, 且与环境温度变化趋势基本相同, 浇筑完成7d后内部温度与环境温度温差大约为2℃, 60d以后内外温差基本消失. 高水灰比混凝土内部含水量充足, 140d内部相对湿度一直保持在85%以上; 低水灰比混凝土内部含水量较少, 早期相对湿度变化受水化耗水影响明显, 混凝土内部相对湿度存在明显梯度差, 5cm、7cm处相对湿度最低分别为60.18%和29.83%; 随着水化作用进行, 长期来看混凝土内部湿度逐步与环境湿度趋于一致.     

江西景德镇地区汉族人群体质特征调查

调查了江西景德镇303例城市汉族(男154人,女149人)和396例乡村汉族(男195人,女201人)成人的86项体质指标,计算了32项指数及其分型.结果显示:(1)江西景德镇汉族有上眼睑皱褶,蒙古褶不发达,眼裂中等偏窄;鼻根高度中等,直鼻梁,鼻基部水平,鼻翼中等;上唇皮肤部高度中等,红唇较薄;耳垂多为圆形和三角形;发黑,眼褐色,肤色浅黄或黄色.(2)景德镇汉族男女性均为圆头型、高头型、狭鼻型.男性还为阔头型和狭面型,女性还为中头型的中面型.(3)景德镇汉族男女性多为亚中等或中等身材、长躯干型、中胸型、窄肩型、窄骨盆型.男性中腿型率与亚短腿型率接近,女性亚短腿型率最高.(4)景德镇汉族头面部及体部特征介于北亚类型族群与南亚类型族群之间.     

静电场作用下双势阱分子隧道效应的猝灭及能级裂距的非线性特性研究

讨论了在静电场作用下，双势阱分子中波函数随外加静电场定域的动态过程，以及能级裂距与外加静电场的关系.证明了静电场作用后，能级裂距既受隧道效应的影响，又受外加静电场的影响.所加静电场较小时与外场强度呈非线性关系，当外加静电场较大时，Stark效应对能级裂距的影响占了主导地位，使能级裂距随外加静电场线性地增大. 关键词： 双势阱 静电场 隧道效应 能级裂距     

Enantioseparation of Novel Chiral Tetrahedral Clusters on an Amylosoe Tris-（3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate） Chiral Stationary Phase by Normal Phase HPLC

Amylose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) (ADMPC) coated on a kind of small particle silica gel was prepared. On this ADMPC chiral stationary phase (CSP), the direct enantiomeric separation of six novel chiral transition metal tetrahedral clusters has firstly been achieved using n-hexane as the mobile phase containing various alcohols as modifiers. The effect of mobile phase modifiers and the structural variation of the solutes on their retention factors (k‘) and resolutions (Rs) were investigated. The result suggests that not only the structure and concentration of alcohol in mobile phase, but also the structural differences in racemates can have a pronounced effect on enantiomeric separation. ADMPC-CSP is a suitable CSP for the optical resolution of chiral tetrahedral cluster by HPLC.     

CeO2-ZrO2复合氧化物的制备及协同抛光性能

Sub-micrometer ultra fine CeO₂-ZrO₂ mixed oxides have been prepared by milling solid cerium carbonate and zirconium oxy-chloride with ammonia and followed by filtering, drying and calcining procedures. The effects of Ce/Zr molar ratio, milling time and calcining temperature on the phase composition, particle size and morphology, surface charge, as well as the polishing property were investigated. The results show that the mixed oxide calcined at 1 000 ℃ is composed of cubic ceria doped with zirconium and tetragonal zirconia doped with cerium, and the phase composition varies with calcination temperature and the Ce/Zr molar ratio. The monoclinic zirconia is observed when decreasing calcination temperature and shortening milling time, demonstrating that milling and calcining can force the phase transformation from monoclinic zirconia to cerium stabilized tetragonal zirconia and zirconium doped cubic ceria solid solutions. The removal rate for the optical glass polishing varies with Ce/Zr molar ratio. A synergetic polishing effect is found when Ce/Zr molar ratio below 4, and the optimal Ce/Zr molar ratio is 1∶1. At the same time, the cubic ceria content, density, particle size and surface charge all increase when calcination temperature increasing from 800 ℃ to 1 100 ℃. However, the particle morphology changes from disperse quasi-sphere to irregular aggregation and the maximal removal rate for optical glass polishing lies at 1 000 ℃.These facts show that the polishing property of the synthesized ceria-zirconia mixed oxide is affected by the particle physical characteristics comprehensively.     

在钠原子-分子系统中氩气参与的碰撞能量转移过程

我们报道了钠原子-分子系统有惰性气体氩原子参与的碰撞能量转移过程.观察到了由此而产生的分子单重态和三重态的紫区受激辐射.实验结果表明,氩原子参与的碰撞能量转移过程在适当的氩气气压下起到了有利的作用,但过高的气压会使布居的粒子数减少,起到荧光淬灭效应.我们利用瞬时速率方程拟合了实验结果,得到了部分相同的变化规律.     

Heterogeneous anisotropic complex structure gradual model and constitutive relation

Four new gradually delaminate models of the three-dimensional macro-/mesoscopic structure and delamination of the heterogeneous anisotropic composite (HAC) are set up by conducting research into its structure and performance. A general theory, which demonstrates the three-dimensional constitutive relation of the macro-/mesoscopic performance of this structure is further developed. The macroscopic expression of HAC is presented in terms of a Tanigawa delaminate homogeneous equivalent approach, the mesoscopic problems are analysed utilizing Eshelby－Mori－Tanaka theory, with the introduction of the representative volume elements of monolayer single unit cell and interlaminar double unit cells. According to the gradual continuity of the structure as a whole, great attention is given to the modelling and research of the interlaminar macroscopic and mesoscopic problems of HAC structure. Comparison with the existing solutions is made through calculation of typical cases.     

脉冲激光作用下的量子定位实验方案的设计及分析

基于量子相干和量子空间定位的原理,设计了量子空间定位的实验方案.讨论了在脉冲激光作用下,由第二类自发参量下转换所产生的纠缠光子对的光谱特征、对应的相干函数特点以及对量子定位的影响.结果表明,随着激光脉冲宽度的增加,纠缠光子对的相干性减小,量子定位的测量准确度降低.     

一种新颖的微纳流体器件制造方法与痕量富集应用

建立了一种利用光致聚合反应制备微纳流体器件的新方法,并开展了相应的痕量富集实验研究:建立描述光致聚合反应中引发剂分解、自由基消耗、聚合反应等的理论模型,利用COMSOL软件计算分析了微尺度凝胶光致聚合反应过程,获得凝胶纳米筛宽度随曝光时间和光强的变化规律;以倒置荧光显微镜为平台,通过聚焦和分光等控制手段,在微流道的特定区域实现孔密度可调的凝胶纳米筛集成,形成微纳流控芯片;以Poisson-Nernst-Planck模型为基础,对纳流体电动富集过程进行计算,确定纳孔密度与富集倍率的关系;利用制备的芯片开展纳流体电动富集实验,发现前驱液中单体丙烯酰胺与交联剂N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺质量比为9∶1时,对痕量异硫氰酸荧光素(Fluorescein isothiocyanate,FITC)小分子的富集倍率达到600倍。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法同时测定电子烟气溶胶中7种重金属元素

建立了金捕集-电感耦合等离子体质谱法同时测定电子烟气溶胶中铬、镍、砷、铅、镉、锑、汞7种重金属元素的方法。实验优化了电子烟气溶胶的捕集条件,采用含2.0 mg/L金元素的5.0%(体积比)硝酸溶液捕集吸收气溶胶,捕集阱为2瓶串联,每个捕集阱含吸收液25.0 mL,抽吸口数为100口。结果表明,电子烟气溶胶中的铬、镍、砷、铅、镉、锑和汞均能得到有效捕集。在优化条件下,铬、镍、砷、铅和镉的线性范围为0.3～80μg/L,锑和汞的线性范围为0.3～10μg/L,其相关系数(r²)均大于0.999,检出限为0.69～1.19 ng/100 puffs,定量下限为2.29～3.97 ng/100 puffs,方法的回收率为96.5%～103%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为6.6%～14%。使用该方法与法国标准方法对市售的10种电子烟样品进行测定,两种方法的检测数据基本一致。该方法准确、可靠、高效、使用试剂少,可用于电子烟气溶胶中多种重金属的检测。