骨架非稠合的电子受体在聚合物太阳能电池中的应用（英文）

非富勒烯电子受体由于其吸收强,能级可调,稳定性好等优点,近年来受到研究者的广泛关注,并且光电转换效率已突破14%。在本研究中,我们设计并合成了一种结构简单,易于合成的非稠环结构的非富勒烯电子受体ICTP。通过合理的结构设计,利用分子内的非共价作用力,实现了高的空间平面性。其在长波长区域宽且强的吸收和合适的能级水平,使得ICTP适合与许多聚合物给体材料搭配,制备太阳能电池。基于PBDB-T:ICTP的聚合物太阳能电池取得了4.43%的光电转换效率和0.97 V的开路电压。     

FT-IR对药用蕨类植物节节草的分析

本文首次采用傅里叶变换红外光谱法对节节草茎和根进行了分析,通过对它们特征峰的指认,推断出它们富含有淀粉,氨基酸、皂甙和少量的鞣质等物质。由于它们是同一植物的不同部位,其红外光谱的吸收峰的位置和强度均有不同,它们具有各自的特征谱,由峰强比的定量计算得出节节草茎和根的氨基酸含量基本相同,但节节草茎的淀粉,皂甙和少量的鞣质等物质的含量远小于根的含量,根的药用价值大。     

MoO_3-V_20_5,MoO_3-TiO_2(锐钛矿型),MoO_3-WO_3和MoO_3-ZrO_2界面过渡层上的双向分散阈值及非单层分散模型

应用XRD和BET方法,研究了四种二元复氧化物在不同配比及不同焙烧温度下界面过渡层的结构。XRD证明各组分都在另一组分表面具有分散阈值,其值远大于单层饱和容量且与焙烧温度无显著关系;“阈值后”剩余晶相量与加入晶相量虽呈线性关系,但斜率并不都近于1,有的明显小于1。BET比表面测定表明,各纯氧化物及不同配比试样的比表面较γ-Al_2O_3的小得多。对过渡层提出了球形八面体二维密置的非单层双向分散模型,计算了各项模型参数,较好地解释了高分散阈值与低比表面积之间的关联,并与O~(2-)密置的单层模型作了对比。讨论了晶相消失的机理,以及非晶相与非单层分散厚度的关联。     

SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF POLYMERIC BIS (ETHYLENEDITHIO)-TETRATHIAFULVALENES

A polymer containing bis(ethylenedithio)-tetrathiafulvalene moiety wassynthesized and its electrochemical properties were studied by cyclic voltammetry. Thecharge transfer complexes of the polymer with TCNQ and I_2 were obtained by chemicaloxidation in dichlorobenzene. All of them are semi-conductors. A film of the polymer wasobtained by casting. Its conductivity, after oxidation with iodine, is 2.24×10~(-6)S·cm~(-1)and its conducting state is stable in air.     

基于宽带光源和自外差检测的布里渊光时域反射温度传感系统

为简化系统结构、减小相干瑞利噪声对系统性能的影响,提出了一种采用宽带光源的瑞利和布里渊散射自外差检测布里渊光时域反射温度传感系统.分析了瑞利和布里渊自外差检测原理,研究了布里渊频移和自外差信号功率与光纤温度和应变的关系.设计并搭建采用宽带光源的自外差检测布里渊光时域反射温度传感系统,获得了常温下沿光纤分布的自外差信号功率谱及不同温度时加温段光纤的功率谱,验证了布里渊频移和自外差信号相对功率变化随温度的线性增加关系.通过实验数据获得的布里渊频移和相对功率变化的温度系数分别为1.07±0.01MHz/℃和(0.37±0.09)%/℃.本文的研究结果为基于瑞利和布里渊自外差检测布里渊光时域反射传感系统的温度和应变同时测量提供了理论和实验依据.     

镧石型碳酸钕的形成及晶种对结晶的促进作用

The characteristics of pH value variation during aging process of amorphous neodymium carbonate formed by three different feeding manners have been investigated. The promotion action of seeding on the crystallization of neodymium carbonate is discussed. X-ray diffraction pattern and the elemental analysis results show that neodymium carbonate can transfer from amorphous to crystalline normal neodymium carbonate Nd₂(CO₃)₃·8H₂O with lanthanide structure at room temperature. Its crystallization activity zone lies in lower feeding ratio area expressed by n_NH4HCO3/n_NdCl3 between 2～3. The existing of seeds can shorten crystalline time, from more than 15 h without seed to 2 h with seeds under normal feeding manner. And the spontaneity nucleation time can be shortened further when feeding with multi-steps normal manner. However, whether multi-steps normal or synchronously and continuously feeding manner, the precipitate formed can transfer to crystalline neodymium carbonate directly under seeding. At the same time, it is observed that the variation of pH value reduces with the decrease of feeding amount and the shortening of aging period, indicating that with synchronously and continuously feeding manner can not only realize fast crystallization, but also control pH value within a narrow range, which is beneficial for the producing of neodymium carbonate crystal with narrow-distributed particle size and monitoring of its crystallization process.     

脯氨酸的构象及性质

用X3LYP法在6-311++G(d, p)和6-311++G(3df, 3pd)基组水平上对脯氨酸15种构象的几何结构、相对能量、电子结构、红外光谱、偶极矩、极化率等性质进行了研究, 并与PBE1PBE/6-311++G(d, p)的结果和文献相比较, 从而得到: (1) 的脯氨酸的15种构象中能量最低的有4种, 不同构象中存在着强弱不同的5种氢键, 其中以N…H—O氢键最强, 并存在特殊的C—H…O=C氢键. 两种方法计算的几何结构数据相近, 均与实验值吻合; (2) 在构象相对能差计算方面, X3LYP具有明显的优势, 用中等基组就可以得到与高水平从头算法和大基组相同的结果, 而PBE1PBE法计算的相对能值则相差较大; (3) 脯氨酸不同构象中偶极矩最大和极化率最小的是最稳定的构象1和2, 两种方法计算的结果一致.     

功率型锂/氟化碳一次电池的优化设计研究进展

锂/氟化碳电池作为固态正极中理论比能量较高(2203Wh/kg)的一种一次电池体系受到极大的关注,在诸多领域已有应用。本文对高功率锂/氟化碳电池的优化设计的最新研究进展进行了综述,详细讨论了氟化碳材料的前驱体、氟化方法、氟化碳材料表面改性、电极结构设计等因素对电池倍率性能的影响,并对今后功率型锂/氟化碳一次电池的发展方向进行了展望。     

1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition reaction of two different azomethine ylides to C70

1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition to Cyo of an azomethine ylide,which was generated in situ from refluxing a mixture of cyclohexanone and DL-valine in chlorobenzene under N2 afforded a monoadduct and a bisadduct.Even for longer reaction time,however,only monoadduct was obtained from the reaction of C70 with an azomethine ylide generated from refluxing a mixture of 2-undecanone and 2-aminoisobutyric acid in chlorobenzene under N2 The electrochemical properties of all the products were studied by cyclic voltammetry.     

门帘石及其地质意义

本文以大同煤田区域地质构造特征为基础, 对门帘石的定义、岩性特征、形态与产状、分布和成因进行了分析研究, 指出其与井田发育的准同生岩溶陷落柱具有成生联系。因此, 门帘石的存在具有重要的地质与生产意义。