高温超导薄膜无源微波器件的应用

高温超导薄膜在微波器件中的应用,与常规导体相比可以减小器件的体积,重量,功率消耗和插入损耗,并且可以在液氮沸点附近工作,接近于卫星的环境温度100K,微波器件是在几个平方厘米的高温超导薄膜上制备的。这些薄膜必须要有最高的超导性能,如临界温度,临界电流密度以及微波表面电阻,因此高温度超导薄膜的应用受到制备大面积,高质量薄膜的限制,美国高温超导空间实验在1999年5月已经获得成功,使高温超导薄膜在微波器件中的应用成为现实。     

AFM原位观察聚氧乙烯单晶在不同基底上的熔融行为

使用原子力显微镜原位观察聚氧乙烯(PEO)单晶在侧立(edge-on)和平躺(fiat-on)片晶取向的聚1-丁烯(iPB-1)基底上的熔融行为.研究表明,PEO单晶在不同基底上的熔融行为有明显的差别.PEO熔体在片晶取向为edge-on的iPB-1基底上的浸润性要比在片晶取向为flat-on的iPB-1基底上的浸润性好.通过计算得到不同基底的表观自由能,并通过理论推导得到定量计算未知聚合物表面自由能的方法.     

二癸基次膦酸的合成及其萃取性能

以廉价的工业副产物混合癸烯和次膦酸钠反应,在常压下合成了二癸基次膦酸,分离产率达99.8%,产物纯度98%.萃取实验表明,二癸基次膦酸对镍/钴分离的选择性要好于Cyanex272,对镍和钴的萃取率和反萃率均大于96%;同时,对钴等金属离子,可实现对低pH浸出液的直接萃取.     

Stray light analysis of an on-axis three-reflection space optical system

<正>Stray light analysis of a three-mirror spatial optical system is presented.The entrance pupil diameter (EPD) of the system is 320 mm,the effective focal length(EFL) is 2809 mm,and the field of view(FOV) is 1°×0.5°.Its walls are coated with extinction paint(the absorption coefficient of which is 97%).The point source transmittance(PST) of the system is thus reduced by up to two orders of magnitude.Moreover, this technique makes it feasible to block the stray light coming from outside of the FOV by increasing the outer baffle length of the system.Adding an inner baffle to both the primary and the secondary mirrors helps not only to block the stray light coming from outside of the FOV but also to decrease the length of the outer baffle.Simulation results show that the PST values are less than 10~(-10) when the off-axis angle is larger than 9°.The stray light is also suppressed effectively by placing a glare stop at the first imaging plane of Cassegrain telescope.It is surprising that the PST value is 10~(-14) when the off-axis angle is 2°with the placement of glare stop at the first image plane.     

用于光学系统分析的质心配准法

将图像区域像素的统计特征引入活动轮廓模型,提出使分割轮廓所包括区域的质心对应角均方根误差极小的最优搜索方法——质心配准法。质心配准法有效地避免了散斑噪声等图像污染对图像区域分割精度的影响,实现了模糊图像精确的区域分割,求得图像最佳配准参数。对实际光学系统输出的多幅具有较大空时互补性的低分辨率图像进行了仿真实验,实验结果表明：该配准算法具有较高的精度,并在光学系统分析上得到了很好的应用。     

环境温度对光学系统影响的研究及无热系统设计的现状与展望

空间环境温度的变化对在空间环境下使用的光学系统影响很大。针对此类问题，近年来国外逐渐提出了“无热设计”的概念。本文分析了国内外在此领域的历史与现状，并介绍了国外典型的无热设计技术，同时也对我国在此领域的研究前景进行了展望。     

X-Ray Radiation Characteristics of Nested-Wire Array Implosion in Sino-Russian Joint Z-pinch Experiments on Angara-5-1

We report and discuss the results of x-ray radiation measurements in the Sino-Russian joint Z-Pinch experiments on Angara-5-1 facility with a load current of 2.5-3.6MA. The measurements were conducted by using an x-ray power meter (XRPM) and a time-resolved one-dimensional x-ray imaging system developed in China Academy of Engineering Physics. The experimental results indicate that an x-ray power-platform prior to a main peak and a less intensive sub-peak after the main peak in the waveform exist for the nested-wire array implosions, and the radiation process is relatively faster than that in the case of the single array. Laser shadowgraph of the imploding plasma suggests that the prior power-platform is a result of the collision of the inner-outer plasma layers. The faster radiation process of nested array implosion can be explained by analysing the corresponding result of the time-resolved one-dimensional imaging system, which demonstrates a better axial imploding uniformity and synchronization. In comparison with x-ray diode, the XRPM yields a higher height of x-ray power-platform due to its fiat energy response. The sub-peak after the main peak is proposed to be a result of the later-time additional implosion of plasma.     

具有多重电磁带隙的H型平面分形结构

使用有限积分方法对H型分形结构的电磁响应特性及其机理进行了计算机模拟，并与实验实测结果进行比较，证实了H型结构在很宽频域范围内具有准周期性多重电磁带隙，这种多重电磁带隙是由分形结构对入射电磁波的多重共振产生的．该结构与传统结构相比，具有尺寸小（远小于对应波长），易于加上，且不受传统电磁带隙结构周期性要求的限制等优点．     

高压下γ'-Fe4N晶态合金的声子稳定性与磁性

利用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理研究了高压下有序晶态γ’-Fe₄N合金的晶格动力学稳定性与磁性. 对比没有考虑磁性的γ’-Fe₄N的声子谱, 得出压力小于1 GPa时, 自发磁化诱导了铁磁相γ’-Fe₄N基态晶格动力学稳定. 压力在1.03-31.5 GPa时, Σ线上的点(0.37, 0.37, 0)、对称点X和M 上相继出现了声子谱软化现象. 压力在31.5-60.8 GPa时, 压致效应与自发磁化对诸原子的作用达到了稳定平衡, 表现出了声子谱稳定. 压力大于61.3 GPa时, 随着压力的增大压力诱导体系动力学不稳定性越强. 通过软模相变理论对于γ’-Fe₄N, 在10 GPa下的声学支声子的M点处软化现象的处理, 发现了动力学稳定的高压新相P2/m-Fe₄N. 压力小于1 GPa时高压新相P2/m-Fe₄N 是热力学稳定的相, 且磁矩与γ’-Fe₄N的磁矩几乎相同. 2.9-19 GPa时, P2/m相的焓比γ’相的焓小, 基态结构更稳定. 大于20 GPa时, 两相磁矩几乎相同.     

碳化钨和Vulcan XC-72炭混合载Ir催化剂对氨氧化的电催化性能

以碳化钨(WC)和Vulcan XC-72炭黑(XC)为载体制备了XC载Ir(Ir/XC)和WC/XC载Ir(Ir-WC/XC)催化剂,在用X射线能量色散谱、X射线衍射谱对催化剂表征的基础上,用电化学方法研究了2种载体Ir催化剂对氨氧化的电催化性能,发现氨在Ir-WC/XC催化剂电极上的氧化峰峰电流密度比在Ir/XC催化剂电极上大31.26%,而且电催化稳定性明显好于Ir/XC催化剂。