Insight into the reaction mechanism of sulfur chains adjustable polymer cathode for high-loading lithium-organosulfur batteries

Small molecules with adjustable sulfur atoms in the confined structure were acted as precursor for the synthesis of polymer cathodes for lithium-organosulfur batteries.Among them,poly(diallyl tetrasulfide)(PDATtS)delivered a high capacity of 700 mAh g^-1,stable capacity retention of 85%after 300 cycles,high areal capacity~4 m Ah cm^-2 for electrode with up to 10.3 mg cm^-2 loading.New insight into the reaction mechanism of PDATtS electrode that radicals arisen from the homolytic cleavage of S-S bond in PDATtS reacted with Li+to generate thiolates(RSLi)and insoluble lithium sulfides(Li₂S)or lithium disulfide(Li₂S₂)was clearly verified by in-situ UV/Vis spectroscopy,nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)studies and density-functional theory(DFT)calculations.Therefore,based on the unique reaction mechanism,problems of rapid capacity fading due to the formation of soluble polysulfide intermediates and their serious shuttle effect in conventional lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries was totally avoided,realizing the dendrite-free lithium sulfur batteries.This study sets new trends for avenues of further research to advance Li-S battery technologies.     

中学化学教师科学教育观念的调查报告

本文报道了调查不同层面的中学化学教师科学教育观念的结果。多数教师赞成现代科学教育观念,对传统和现代科学教育观念“都赞成”的教师也占有一定的比例,教师的科学教育观念令人乐观。问题的关键是 :尽快构建并实施与“提高学生的科学素养为主旨”相匹配的科学教育课程体系;教师要多渠道继续教育,更新观念,提高科学素养,准备进入新课程。     

Improvement on Simultaneous Determination of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) by Capillary Electrophoresis and Chemiluminescence Detection

Chromiumexistsindifferentoxidationstatesingroundwater,industrialwastewater,seawater,andsoilofourenvironment1,2.Chromium(III)isanessentialtraceelementforhumans,requiredforthemaintenanceofnormalglucose,cholesterol,andfattyacidmetabolism.Ontheotherhand,watersolublechromium(VI),intheformCr2O72-orCrO42-,ishighlyirritatingandtoxictohumansandanimals3.Itsacutetoxiceffectsincludeanimmediatecardiovascularshockandlatereffectsonkidney,liver,andblood-formingorgans.Therefore,itisnecessaryforriskassessme…     

A Promising MoO_x-based Catalyst for n-Heptane Isomerization

The increasing demand for higher-octane gasoline and the regulations limiting the amount of aromatics in the fuel motivate the interest in catalytic isomerization of n-alkanes. In the last ten years, transition metal oxides or oxycarbides based on molybdenum or tungstate have attracted much attention due to their high activity and isomerization selectivity compared to the conventional bifunctional supported platinum catalyst and high resistance to sulphur and nitrogen catalyst poisons1-5. Ma…     

A Thermochemical Study on Complex Nickel(Ⅱ) L-α-Histidine

IntroductionNickel is an essential trace biological element.L-α- Amino acids are the structural units of pro-teins.L- α- Histidine is one of the eight species ofamino acids which have to be absorbed from foodbecause they are not synthesized by organism.Thus,the investigation on the complexation ofnickel and L -α- histidine is of considerable practicaland fundamental importance.For the nickel com-plexes of amino acids,more extensive work hasbeen carried out[1— 3 ] . However,the thermochem…     

氨基酸合成方法研究 IV: 相转移催化下N-氰甲基亚氨酸酯的烷基化反应

研究了在固液相转移催化条件下, N-氰甲基苯甲亚氨酸酯的烷基化反应, 得到烷基化产物C-烷基化的亚氨酸酯, 烷基化产品不需进一步纯化就可水解得到α-氨基酸, 利用这一方法合成了十个α-氨基酸.     

工科院校举办教师高等无机化学实验研讨班

经国家教委批准工科无机化学课程指导小组于1986年7月20日至8月10日在京举办教师高等无机化学实验研讨班,由北京钢铁学院主办、北京工业学院与北京化工学院协办。来自全国18个省市34所高等院校(重点院校16所)教师参加了学习。研讨班共开出“双二硫代α二酮合镍(Ⅱ)的合成及其红外光谱测定”、“高真空碘化物热分解制备高纯钛”、“用化学气相沉积法合成氮化钛及氮化钛的x射线衍射分析”等实验12个。此外,还组织教师参     

Optical Properties of Fullerenated Poly(epoxy propyl carbazole)

Sincethedevelopmentofmethodslformassproductionoffullerenes,therehasbeengTeatinterestinit-Manyresearchgroups'havepaidgreatattentiontothefiJllerene-dopedpolymersinceWang'discoveredinl992thatfullerene-dopedPVKhasanapparentlyincreasingphotoconductivity.WehavereportedthechendcalattachmentofCcocagestothecarbazolegroupsonpoly(epoxypropylcarbazole)(PEPC)chainsbyFriedel-Craftstypereaction'.Here,theopticalpropertiesoffullerenatedPEPCwereinvestigated,whichwillshowitsgoodphotoconductivepropeFtiesbe…     

液相色谱/串联质谱法测定水中邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物

建立了直接进样-超高效液相色谱/三重四极杆串联质谱法同时测定水中6种邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物的方法。水样经离心后取上清液进样,采用BEH C18柱,以水(0.1%甲酸)-乙腈作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用串联质谱进行检测。实验通过在液相色谱系统中装入一根吸附分配柱,很好地解决了液相色谱系统的干扰问题。6种邻苯二甲酸酯类在一定范围内线性良好(r=0.9990~0.9996),回收率为84.3%~102%,相对标准偏差为1.0%~8.7%,方法检出限为0.05~0.5μg/L。方法适用于测定地表水中6种邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物的残留。     

La掺杂TiO2薄膜的制备及其光电流研究

采用溶胶凝胶-浸渍提拉法在ITO导电玻璃表面制备了纯TiO2薄膜和La掺杂TiO2薄膜,对其进行350℃、450℃、550℃保温2h热处理.利用XRD、SEM、EDS、XPS对样品结构、形貌、成分进行表征,利用电化学工作站对薄膜进行光电流测试,研究了La掺杂以及不同热处理温度对TiO2薄膜结构及光电流的影响.结果表明:La掺杂有细化TiO2晶粒和抑制锐钛矿相向金红石相转变的作用.随热处理温度提高,纯TiO2薄膜与La掺杂TiO2薄膜光电流密度均先增大后减小,450℃热处理后纯Ti02薄膜光电流密度为180 μA·cm-2,此温度下La掺杂TiO2薄膜光电流密度为650 μA·cm-2,是纯TiO2薄膜的3.6倍.