水溶性CdTe量子点荧光探针的制备表征及应用

采用水相合成法,在氮气气氛下,以3-巯基丙酸(MPA)为稳定剂制备了水溶性的CdTe量子点,并通过荧光(PL)光谱、紫外可见(UV-Vis)光谱、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和X射线粉末衍射(XRD)对样品进行了表征。XRD结果表明量子点为立方闪锌矿结构,TEM结果表明量子点分散性较好,形状为球形,平均粒径为2.0 nm。进一步考察了回流时间、反应温度和体系pH值对量子点性能的影响,结果表明:回流时间、反应温度和体系pH值对量子点的粒径大小、粒径分布及生长速度均有影响。基于量子点对金属离子具有荧光响应的特性,以CdTe量子点为荧光探针实现了对水溶液中Ni2+的检测。     

基于高斯伪谱方法的混沌系统最优控制

针对混沌系统最优控制问题,提出一种基于高斯伪谱方法的数值求解新算法. 首先在勒让德-高斯点上构造Lagrange插值多项式并近似表示混沌系统最优控制中的状态变量和控制变量;接着将连续空间的最优控制问题转化为非线性规划问题;然后通过序列二次规划（SQP）算法获得最优解;最后对三个典型混沌系统的仿真实验结果表明,新方法能有效和快速地实现混沌系统的最优控制. 关键词： 混沌系统 最优控制 高斯伪谱法 非线性规划     

基于伴随同化方法的空间飞行器轨道估计

基于空间几何原理提出了一个双星无源定位方案,方案中包括两个观测坐标系和一个基础坐标系.每个观测坐标系中分别存在一条由观测卫星发出指向目标飞行器的射线,考虑到实际观测中存在各种误差,任意两颗观测卫星对目标飞行器的定位方向一般不在同一个平面内(即为异面直线),假定两条异面直线的公垂线段的中点(相交的情况下为交点)是目标飞行器所在的位置,而公垂线段的长度表征两颗卫星的观测误差.利用空间飞行器的观测数据计算了飞行器在基础坐标系中的位置坐标并进行了误差估计.利用一个基于伴随同化方法的数值模型估计了空间飞行器主动段的轨道.正向模型用来模拟飞行器的运动过程,伴随模型用来优化参数.通过同化空间飞行器在基础坐标系下的观测数据得到了空间飞行器的轨道.设计了数值实验以检验该模型的合理性,实验结果表明了双星无源定位系统的正确性,通过同化卫星对飞行器的观测数据,该伴随同化模型可以对空间飞行器的轨道进行成功估计.     

First-principles study on the geometric and electronic structures and phase transition of PbZr1-xTixO3 solid solutions

With first-principles virtual-crystal approximation calculations, we systematically investigate the geometric and elec- tronic structures as well as the phase transition of lead zirconate titanate (PbZr1-xTixO3 or PZT) as a function of Ti content for the whole range of 0 ≤ x Ti ≤ 1. It can be found that, with the increase of the Ti content, the PbZr1-xTixO3 solid solu- tions undergo a rhombohedral-to-tetragonal phase transition, which is consistent with the experimental results. In addition, we also show the evolution in geometric and electronic structures of rhombohedral and tetragonal PbZr1-x TixO3 with the increasing content of Ti.     

Dielectric loss of half-doped manganite Lao.sCao.sMnO3＊

The dielectric loss tanfi of half-doped manganite Lao.sCao.sMnO3 is investigated using Green＇s function technique. The Lao.sCao.sMnO3 is described by the Kondo-lattice model in the double exchange limit, taking into account the Jahn- Teller distortion and the super-exchange interaction between the localized electrons. It is found that the intensity of tans decreases with increasing [e]TI, V, and U. It is also observed that the transition temperature Tp rises as l eJTI and U increase. It is worth noting that Tp remains unchanged and the strength of tans increases with increasing g. The calculated dielectric loss results are explained theoretically, and these behaviors are in qualitative agreement with the experimental results.     

Optical and magnetic properties of InFeP layers prepared by Fe~+ implantation

InFeP layers are prepared by ion implantation of InP with 100-keV Fe＋ ions to a dose of 5 ×10^16 cm-2 and investigated by optical, magnetic, and ion beam analysis measurements. Photoluminescence measurements show a deep-level peak at 1.035 eV due to Fe in InP and two exciton-related luminescences at 1.426 eV and 1.376 eV in the implanted samples annealed at 400℃. Conversion electron Mossbauer spectroscopy reveals a doublet corresponding to Fe3＋ ions in the indium sites. Atomic force microscopy and magnetic force microscopy show that magnetic clusters are formed in the annealing process. The magnetization-field hysteresis loops show ferromagnetic properties persisting up to room temperature with a coercive field of 100 0e （10e = 79.5775 A-m-1）, saturation magnetization of 4.35 × 10-5 emu, and remnant magnetization of 4.4× 10 6 emu.     

Stationary Fluid Dynamic Behaviour of V-Shaped Diffuser/Nozzle Elements for Valveless Micropump

A novel type of V-shaped （isosceles triangle cross-section） diffuser/nozzle element is proposed for use for valveless micropump. Stationary fluid dynamic behaviour of V-shaped diffuser/nozzle elements in a valveless micropump is investigated by experiment and simulation. Both the results agree well with each other when the Reynolds number is higher than 100 and the pressure loss coefficient ratio of micropump nearly always keeps a constant. For a single V-shaped diffuser, the general trends of variation of pressure loss coefficient with opening angle and Reynolds number are opposite in small and large angles. Compared with conical and flat-wall diffusers, V-shaped diffuser shows the smallest pressure loss when the Reynolds number is 200.     

新型红色发光材料La3PO7∶Eu^3＋的合成及发光性质研究

用固相法合成了La3PO7∶Eu3 ,用X射线衍射仪测定了其晶体结构,室温下用Hitachi F-4500测定了其光致发光性质。结果表明合成的La3PO7∶Eu3 属单斜相结构,Eu3 在单斜结构的La3PO7基质中占据非对称性格位。在254 nm光激发下,La3PO7∶Eu3 发射出较强的红光,表明Eu3 的5D0→7F2跃迁强度远大于5D0→7F1的跃迁强度,其色坐标和Y2O3∶Eu3 的色坐标位置相近。另外,还研究了Eu3 在体相La3PO7材料中的猝灭浓度,发现当掺杂Eu3 浓度增大到7.6 mol%时,出现浓度猝灭。     

黄芩素室温磷光传感器的构建及应用

黄芩素可通过电子转移效应猝灭聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)包覆的锰(Mn)掺杂硫化锌(Zn S)量子点(PEIMn/Zn S QDs)的室温磷光。基于上述原理,建立了一种简单、快速测定黄芩素含量的室温磷光检测方法,PEI-Mn/Zn S QDs以水相共沉淀法获得。结果表明:当pH=8.0,反应时间为10 min时,量子点的磷光猝灭程度与黄芩素浓度呈良好的线性关系,线性范围为0.07~0.60 mg·L~(-1),方法检出限为0.039 mg·L~(-1),相关系数(r)为0.997,相对标准偏差为4.1%,实际样品的检测回收率为96.0%~100.7%。所建立的方法可有效避免常见离子和氨基酸等的干扰,适用于黄芩饮片及血清中黄芩素含量的快速测定,有望应用于医药行业中黄芩素含量的测定分析,也为其他药物基于量子点电子转移机制的检测提供了技术依据。