酰胺型冠醚液晶的合成及性质研究

冠醚液晶出现至今仅十几年，由于其具有冠醚和液晶的各种性质而受到人们的关注［‘－‘1．我们在已有工作的基础上，设计合成了5种酸胺型冠醚液晶分子（4—8），其中3种分子（4－6）具有液晶性．合成路线如下：1结果与讨论合成样品4－8经IR、MS、‘HNMR和元素分析确证其结构．用DSC和Texture图测定了4－6的液晶性质，其结果见图1．化合物7、8无液晶性，分子长径比分别为5．8：I，满足一般律状向列液晶分子长径比的要求．当在其分子链中增加1个苯环（5、6）时，分子的刚性链比例增大，整个分子的刚性增加，则具有液晶性．双臂型冠醚液…     

单臂冠醚液晶LB膜的相变研究

研究了两种单臂冠醚液晶及配合物(1, 2及1.Eu^3^+)的LB膜的成膜特性,实验发出它们均可在气-液界面形成单分子膜, 但不易转移, 化合物1在压膜过程中出现一维相变。用CPK模型对成膜分子构型和面积进行估算, 其结果与实验相一致, 并讨论了冠醚液晶结构对LB膜相变的影响。     

咪唑类配体与双过氧钒配合物相互作用的NMR研究

为探讨咪唑环上取代基团对反应平衡的影响, 在模拟生理条件(0.15 mol·L-1 NaCl溶液)下, 应用多核(1H、13C和51V)、扩散排序谱(DOSY)以及变温NMR等谱学技术研究双过氧钒配合物NH4[OV(O2)2{2-(2’-Pyri-dine)-Imidazole}]·4H2O(简写为bpV(Imi-Py))和咪唑类配体(咪唑、2-甲基鄄咪唑、4-甲基-咪唑和组氨酸)的相互作用, 其从强到弱的顺序为咪唑≈4-甲基-咪唑>2-甲基-咪唑>组氨酸. 研究结果表明, 咪唑环上取代基团空间位阻对反应平衡产生较大影响,同时竞争配位的结果导致新的6 配位过氧物种[OV(O2)2L]-(L 为咪唑类配体)的生成, 当配体为4-甲基-咪唑和组氨酸时, 生成的则是一对异构体.     

醇系溶剂中冠醚与碱金属离子的配位反应

The enthalpy changes, entropy changes and equilibrium constants of coordination reactions of 18-crown-6 with the alkali ions Na+ and K+ at 298.15K were measured by using RD-496 microcalorimeter with methanol, ethanol, n-propanol and n-butanol as solvents respectively. The results indicated that the enthalpy changes △rHm, entropy changes △rSm, and the stability of the complexes are closely related with the polarity of the solvents, and the order of the stability is ethanol>methanol>n-propanol>n-butanol>H2O for the same complex in the solvents investigated. The stability order was reasonably explained by relating the stability constants of the complexes with the dielectric constants of these solvents, and by using the model of solvated-desolvated ions and ion pair in the coordination reactions.     

亚硝酸根在纳米氧化锆-CTAB复合物膜修饰电极上的电化学行为及测定

制备了纳米ZrO2,采用XRD和原子力显微镜技术加以表征。构建了十六烷基三甲基溴化铵-纳米ZrO2修饰电极。用循环伏安法和示差脉冲伏安法研究了亚硝酸根(NO2-)在该修饰上的电化学行为,结果表明,该修饰电极对NO2-的氧化具有良好的电催化能力,示差脉冲伏安信号与其浓度在6×10-7～1.6×10-4mol/L范围内呈现良好的线性关系,检出限为1.3×10-7mol/L(S/N=3)。此外,方法已用于NO2-样品的测定。     

碳酸二苯酯与1,4-丁二醇熔融酯交换法合成聚(对亚丁基)碳酸酯的研究

利用TiO2-SiO2(PVP)凝胶基催化剂(TSP),无溶剂条件下,以碳酸二苯酯与1,4-丁二醇为单体,采用常压预聚和真空缩聚两步熔融酯交换法合成了聚(对亚丁基)碳酸酯(PBC),考察了工艺条件,并对PBC的结构及物理性质进行了表征.实验结果表明,最佳工艺条件如下:预聚时间为2 h,预聚温度为220~230℃(N2保护),缩聚温度为220℃,缩聚压力300 Pa,催化剂用量为0.15 wt%.优化条件下,PBC的特性黏数为1.12dL/g,Mn为49000,Mw为101000,PDI为2.07,Tg为-32.32℃,端羟基含量为6.2×10-4mol/g,苯酚残留量为5.26 wt%.在此工艺条件下,通过控制副产物苯酚的蒸出速率及其量,可以实现产品聚合度的可控,且苯酚几乎能够完全回收.     

Manipulation of Particles with Counter-Propagating Evanescent Waves

Two counter-propagating evanescent beams are used to align and manipulate polystyrene particles on a prism surface. Since the radiation pressure transferred laterally from the evanescent wave is negated on both sides, particles can be stably aligned. By projecting a circular and a linear beam spot onto the interface, both multiple and single arrays of particles are achieved. Arrays of particles trapped on the interface can be easily moved adjusting the intensity of incident beams on either side. We also simulate electromagnetic distribution of scattering light that is converted from the evanescent wave using the FDTD method. The results show that scattering light converts from an evanescent wave propagating through a particle array and has a distance longer than that propagating from a normal evanescent wave.     

熔融浇铸法合成Bi—Sr—Ca—Cu—O高温超导体

将 Bi_2O_3,SrCO_3,CaCO_3,CuO 按比例混合和熔融,化合成 Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O 复合氧化物,浇铸成型;经高温退火处理获得起始转变温度117K,零电阻温度79K 的多相超导体.此法与通常的烧结法进行了对比.     

Design and analysis of a novel tunable optical power splitter

A novel tunable optical power splitter,with a Y-branch waveguide based on the total internal reflection and a microprism with tunable index refraction,is presented.Numerical simulation of its optical performance shows that a high dynamic range,low optical loss,and relatively low wavelength-dependence can be achieved.This component offers numerous advantages such as ease for fabrication,low cost,and compact size,which are very useful for potential application in integrated optical devices.