Light transmission in porous silicon dioxide filled with liquids of different refractive indices

Optical transmission at 532 nm from nonabsorbing disordered porous silicon dioxide has been studied experimentally. The transmission behaviors can be adjusted by filling the pores with liquids of different refractive indics, which are analyzed based on the theory of diffusion in a weak scattering regime. In our experiment, the transmission coefficient changes from a value less than 1% to one that is greater than 75%, that is, the opaque sample becomes transparent, which means that the transport mean free path of light within the material has been effectively adjusted. In addition, this method is a useful nondestructive method to derive the refractive index of an unknown bulk porous material.     

用整体思想求解数学问题的若干形式

整体思想是一种重要的解题思想,是思维深刻性的体现,根据问题的不同特点,可以展现出多种思考模式.本文介绍整体思想求解数学问题的若干形式.     

美国物理教育研究动向

物理教育研究(PER)在美国已经发展成物理学研究的一个新分支,正在对物理教学改革产生实质性的影响.其研究领域中新的课程、教学方法及资源的设计与开发对我国的物理教育研究及课程和教学改革具有重要的借鉴意义.     

用改进的单摆实验系统与Spss标定重力加速度

对传统的单摆实验系统进行改进及调试,用电磁铁控制摆球起始状态的一致性,调节光电门至摆球所处最低平衡位置的正下端,用记时记数测速仪精准测定摆球振动的周期。通过对测量原理、不确定度的分析,引入Spss的曲线估计功能分析实验数据,得出实验系统的有效摆长复合量与摆球振动周期平方的定标曲线,并验证出有效摆长复合量与摆球振动周期的平方存在线性关系,由此标定出重力加速度,并用置信概率为95%的不确定度,对测量数据及其实验结果进行合理的分析和估算,最终得出较为合理的实验结果。     

双量子阱中光子辅助电子自旋隧穿

采用单电子有效质量近似理论, Floquet理论和传递矩阵方法, 对包含时间周期场的双量子阱中单电子的自旋隧穿特性进行了研究, 对InP/InAs半导体材料进行了数值计算. 重点研究了Rashba型和Dresselhaus型自旋轨道耦合、量子阱结构以及偏压对电子隧穿的影响. 这些结果可以为设计和调控半导体自旋电子器件提供一定的理论依据. 关键词： 光子辅助隧穿 隧穿概率 量子阱     

Modes of Homogeneous Barrier Discharge at Atmospheric Pressure in Helium

The discharge modes of a homogeneous barrier discharge at atmospheric pressure in helium are investigated with a one-dimensional fluid model. It is found that, either in single peak discharge or in multipeak discharge, there are two discharge modes: glow and Townsend modes. The structure and features of the two modes are compared.The conditions forming the two modes are discussed.     

Geometric and Electronic Properties of Highly Fluorinated Fullerene C74F38

Geometric and electronic properties of highly fluorinated fullerene C74F38 have been studied using the density functional theory at BLYP level with the double numerical atomic orbital basis sets with polarization functions （DNP）. The optimized geometry of C74F38, quite different from that of C74, turns into a pronounced hexahedron shape because the six stabilizing isolated benzenoid rings tend to be as far apart as possible. The HOMO-LUMO energy gap and the binding energy of C74F38 indicate that C74F38 is not only kinetically but also dynamically stable. The shorter F-C bond lengths together with the analysis of the density of states and the Mulliken populations indicate that the F-C bonds in C74F38 have both covalent and ionic characters. The Mulliken populations show that the fluorine atoms obtain about 10 electrons from the C74 cage.     

全场数字化测量光弹性等倾角的五步彩色相移法

通过把相移法与光学彩色信息图像处理技术相结合 ,提出了一种确定全场光弹性等倾角的五步彩色相移法。模型置于白光照射下 ,在起偏镜与分析镜不同设置的平面偏振光场中 ,用彩色数码照相机分别采集五幅等色线与等倾线相耦合的条纹图 ,根据相移法基本原理 ,就可以确定在 0～π/2范围内的等倾角。经过对径压缩圆盘的检验 ,实验结果与理论完全相符。该方法改进了单色光相移法的不足 ,对实验应力分析及其在工程结构强度设计中的应用将起积极的促进作用     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定养殖环境沉积物中多肽类抗生素残留量

建立了测定水产养殖环境沉积物中多肽类抗生素残留量的高效液相色谱串联质谱法。沉积物经10 mL甲醇-柠檬酸-Na2 HPO4溶液(3∶4, V/ V)超声提取2次,0.5 g 乙二胺四乙酸二钠络合除杂,5 mL 甲基异丁基甲酮净化,HLB 固相萃取柱进一步富集净化,MGII C18色谱柱分离,0.1%甲酸与0.1%甲酸-乙腈梯度洗脱,ESI+电离,多反应监测模式(MRM)监测,外标法定量。粘菌素和杆菌肽在10~10000μg/ L 范围内,维吉尼霉素 M1在4~4000μg/ L 范围内,线性回归系数均大于0.999,方法检出限为2~5μg/ kg,方法定量限为4~10μg/ kg。在3个浓度添加水平下,多肽类抗生素回收率79.7%~91.6%,相对标准偏差1.9%~10.8%。本方法具有良好的精密度和准确度,灵敏度高,适用范围广。     

模态分析和有限元法结合识别机械结构结合面动力学参数的研究

本文探讨了一种将实验模态分析和有限元法相结合，识别机械结构结合面动力学参数的新方法，以解决大型复杂机装拆不例，难于用实验方法识别部件间结合面动力学参数的问题。用些方法识别了一台遥臂钻床的接触度和接触阻尼。